Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis C ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; virology

Animals ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; Wnt Signaling Pathway

Purpose The research was conducted to evaluate the stability of N-terminal site-specific PEGylated uricase. Methods The enzyme activity is used as an index to evaluate the thermal stability (at 4-80 ℃) , the pH stability, the ability of avoiding the trypsin digestion and half-life in vivo of PEG-uricase, then it is compared with uricase. Results PEGylated uricase is thermally more stable than uricase between 4 ℃ and 60 ℃, but at 70 ℃, the enzyme activity of both PEG-uricase and uricase decreases sharply. In the test of pH stability, the curve of uricase shows an obvious decrease of enzyme activity at 5 .2-6.0 and 9.2-10.0. The behavior of PEG-uricase indicates that the destabilizing was prevented effectively by PEGylation. The test of anti-trypsin digestion suggests that PEG-uricase retains 70% of its enzyme activity,but uricase only 20% ,200 minutes after being reserved in trypsin solution. Stability in vivo indicates that the half-life of PEG-uricase is 1 530 min and uricase, only 45 min. Conclusion PEGylated uricase has improved thermal stability, the pH stability, ability of protecting from trypsin digestion and stability in vivo.

0.05).3.Thirty-three point three percent of animals from parental strain group were found fibrillations potentials and the po-sitive sharp waves in gastrocnemius electromyogram,no obvious abnormal waves were found in animals from both waaF mutant and control group.Conclusions The ganglioside-like epitope in LOS of CJ is critical antigen in inducing GM1-IgG antibody and in inducing conduction block of peripheral nerve,therefore,provide a support for the molecular mimicry theory as a pathogenesis in the axonal GBS following CJ infection.

Wild birds (mainly Anseriformes and Charadriiformes) are recognized as the natural reservoir of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). The long-term surveillance of AIVs in wild birds has been conducted in North America and Europe since 1970s. More and more surveillance data revealed that all the HA and NA subtypes of AIVs were identified in the wild ducks, shorebirds, and gulls, and the AIVs circulating in wild birds were implicated in the outbreaks of AIVs in poultry and humans. Therefore, the AIVs in wild birds pose huge threat to poultry industry and human health. To gain a better understanding of the ecology and epidemiology of AIVs in wild birds, we summarize the transmission of AIVs between wild birds, poultry, and humans, the main results of surveillance of AIVs in wild birds worldwide and methods for surveillance, and the types of samples and detection methods for AIVs in wild birds, which would be vital for the effective control of avian influenza and response to possible influenza pandemic.
Animals ; Animals, Wild ; virology ; Birds ; virology ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Influenza in Birds ; epidemiology ; transmission ; virology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; transmission ; virology ; Sentinel Surveillance ; veterinary

Adult ; Bone Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Spine ; pathology

Burnout, Professional ; psychology ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus associated with important human diseases, including infectious mononucleosis syndrome, malignant lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The mechanism of EBV entry into host cells remains a subject of intensive research. After decades of study, researchers have identified several key proteins and different patterns of EBV intrusion into host cells. The viral surface glycoproteins, gp350/220, gp42, gB, gH, and gL, are involved in interactions with the CR2 receptor on the surface of B lymphocytes during viral entry. However, the majority of epithelial cells lack CR2 receptor expression, which makes viral invasion much more complex than in B lymphocytes. Three different models have been proposed to explain how EBV enters epithelial cells: (1) "transfer of infection", mediated by B lymphocytes or Langerhans cells; (2) EBV utilizes its own proteins during the process of fusion with the cell membrane; and (3) progeny virions arising from EBV-infected epithelial cells cross lateral membranes into adjacent epithelial cells. This review will discuss the relevant mechanism of viral entry into B lymphocytes and epithelial cells during EBV infection.
Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; virology ; Epithelial Cells ; virology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; virology ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Virus Internalization

Objective To investigate the effective therapic methods of the perioperative vasovagal reflex(RV)in patients with atrial arrhythmias(AAs)underwent by catheter ablation .Methods The clinical data in the patients with atrial arrhythmias(AAs) complicated by vasovagal reflex(RV)were retrospectively analyzed during the perioperative procedure of catheter ablation guided by three dimensional mapping system CARTO ;the clinical data were compared between patients with RV and without RV .Results A total of 535 patients with AAs underwent catheter ablation guided by three dimensional mapping system were collected from Janu‐ary 2010 to December 2012 ,and 35 cases of intraoperative RV were found .Compared by patients without RV ,the patients with RV had more elderly cases and the cases of hypertension ,coronary heart disease and diabetes .The RV occurrence was also associated with the fasting ,painful stimuli ,operation time and skill .Conclusion The perioperative RV often is occurred in the cases of high risk and have the precipitating factors ,and the good prognosis could be obtained by the detect and treatment as early as possible .

Objective To detect fetal RhCcEe genotype from fetal DNA in maternal plasma for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis.Methods DNA from maternal plasma sample was extracted by use of QIAamp DNA Kit. The existence of fetal DNA was confirmed by amplified fetal SRY gene. The fetal RhCcEe gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 30 pregnant maternal plasma. The results of fetal RhCcEe genotype were evaluated retrospectively by the serologic analysis of infant and pregnant woman RhCcEe phenotype.Results Among the 30 samples, 13 were the same phenotypes between mother and infant, 17 were different. When mother phenotypes were RhCC, cc, EE and ee homozygous, the deleted allele gene can be successfully amplified from mother plasma.Conclusion Noninvasive fetal RhCcEe genotyping is reliable. When the mother was homogyzous, genotyping the fetal CcEe alleles was very significant and useful for HDN (hemolysis disease of newborn) diagnosis and therapy.