Higher brain dysfunction generally refers to cognitive and/or behavioral changes resulting from stroke, traumatic head injury, hypoxic encephalopathy, or any other of a number of cerebrovascular events. In 2004, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan released a provisional figure of the probable prevalence of higher brain dysfunction in Japan as some 300,000 individuals. The aim of this study was to provide an estimate of the number of people with higher brain dysfunction in Tokyo. All 651 hospitals in Tokyo were surveyed between January 7, 2008 and January 20, 2008 by questionnaire. Analysis of the data showed 118 incidents of brain damage which resulted in higher brain dysfunction. This roughly converts to 3,010 incidents per year in Tokyo. Taking life expectancy into consideration, we estimate the current number of higher brain dysfunction survivors to be 49,508 (male : 33,936, female : 15,572) in Tokyo. The social impact of higher brain dysfunction has recently emerged amid growing recognition that disturbances of attention, memory, and behavior overshadow the contribution of focal motor deficits to chronic dependency. Our data provide information about the number of people that may require appropriate provision in the community.

Carotidynia is characterised by inflammation limited to the common carotid artery, which has been recognised as a distinct disease entity by advanced vascular imaging. Although most cases of carotidynia are idiopathic, we herein present a case of carotidynia after anticancer chemotherapy. A 64-year-old male patient received docetaxel followed by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) for the treatment of lung squamous carcinoma. After the treatment, bilateral cervical pain developed. Vascular imaging, including magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and ultrasonography, showed characteristics specific for carotidynia. Although there was no strong confirmation using tests such as a challenge test, our observations suggest that docetaxel or G-CSF could be a causative drug triggering carotidynia.
Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Carotid Artery, Common ; drug effects ; pathology ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Taxoids ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography

COVID-19 spread from Wuhan City, People's Republic of China, in December 2019, followed by an explosion of infections worldwide. The number of infected people has also risen dramatically in Japan and has become a major social problem. Patients with severe disease require a long period to return to society due to significant physical weakness even after recovery. We report a patient in his 40s with a history of nephrectomy who was infected with COVID-19 and became critically ill.After being diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR test, the patient was admitted to our hospital. His respiratory status rapidly worsened and he was temporarily managed by ECMO in the intensive care unit. At the time of his first contact with us (day 31 post-hospitalization), he was unable to hold himself in a standing position for a long time and required a walker. Initially, from the perspective of preventing the spread of infection, we instructed him in self-directed training rather than individual therapy. From day 49, he began to receive physical therapy. He was discharged on day 53 with independence in outdoor walking. He was instructed to consume protein after exercising and he was managed on an outpatient basis. He returned to work. His skeletal muscle mass increased by BIA and his respiratory and motor functions were restored.He received instructions on recovering from severe illness after COVID-19 infection, which focused on nutrition, voluntary training, and monitored individual therapy in accordance with rehabilitation therapy. He was able to return to society with no sequelae.

COVID-19 spread from Wuhan City, People's Republic of China, in December 2019, followed by an explosion of infections worldwide. The number of infected people has also risen dramatically in Japan and has become a major social problem. Patients with severe disease require a long period to return to society due to significant physical weakness even after recovery. We report a patient in his 40s with a history of nephrectomy who was infected with COVID-19 and became critically ill.After being diagnosed with COVID-19 by PCR test, the patient was admitted to our hospital. His respiratory status rapidly worsened and he was temporarily managed by ECMO in the intensive care unit. At the time of his first contact with us (day 31 post-hospitalization), he was unable to hold himself in a standing position for a long time and required a walker. Initially, from the perspective of preventing the spread of infection, we instructed him in self-directed training rather than individual therapy. From day 49, he began to receive physical therapy. He was discharged on day 53 with independence in outdoor walking. He was instructed to consume protein after exercising and he was managed on an outpatient basis. He returned to work. His skeletal muscle mass increased by BIA and his respiratory and motor functions were restored.He received instructions on recovering from severe illness after COVID-19 infection, which focused on nutrition, voluntary training, and monitored individual therapy in accordance with rehabilitation therapy. He was able to return to society with no sequelae.