A retest of 30 deaf children(58 ears) being trained in our centre who used hearing aids for at least half a year showed that two children(2 ears) suffered from hearing loss. To inquire into the cause of hearing loss, we analysed the frequency,range,gain,SSPL 90. volume control of the hearing aids worn by the children as well as the auditory training habits if the deaf children's parents and teachers,compared the children's hearing before and after using the hearing aids and pointed out the possible reasons that caused the children's hearing loss. Here.We sum up the aspects that should be paid attention to when testing and selecting hearing aids for deaf children.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of duloxetine combined with psychological intervention in patients with somatoform disorder.Methods67 patients with somatoform disorder were randomly divided into two groups:study group (34 cases) treated with duloxetine and psychological intervention and control group (33 cases) treated with duloxetine only.And all the 67 patients in the study were assessed by symptom checklisth-90-R (SCL-90),hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA) and global assessment scale(GAS).ResultsAfter 8 weeks treatment,the results of SCL-90 showed that the scores of somatization,obsessive-compulsive,depression,anxiety and phobia factors in the study group ( 1.39 ± 0.45 ; 1.66 ± 0.52 ; 1.83 ± 0.69 ; 1.73 ± 0.66 ; 1.30 ± 0.48 )were notably lower than that in the control group ( 1.78 ± 0.61 ; 1.69 ± 0.47 ;2.39 ± 0.54 ; 2.1 1 ± 0.49 ; 1.49 ±0.78 ).And there were significant statistical differences (P＜ 0.01 ).At the end of the 2nd and 4th week the,scores of SCL-90 somatization,depression,anxiety and phobia factors were lower in the study group than the control group with statistical significance (P＜0.05).At the end of 8th week,the HAMA score in the study group( 10.20 ±3.70) was significantly decreased than the control group (13.07 ± 3.20 ),and with statistical significant (P ＜0.05 ).The response rate was 85.29％ in study group and 60.60％ in control group.And there was a statistically singnificant difference in complete remission ( χ2 =4.08,P ＜ 0.05 ) between the two groups.ConclusionThe study indicates that the combination of duloxetine and psychological intervention is more effective in treating somatoform disorder than using duloxetine only.So this combination treatment is worth generalizing and applying.

Oxymatrine is an alkaloid from Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sophora flavescens Ait. which has many pharmacological effects. We studied the effects of oxymatrine on the proliferation of human tonsillar cells and mouse splenocytes with or without mitogens. The results show that oxymatrine can augment the proliferation of the human tonsillar cells which show low PHA & tSAC response capacity. On the other hand, oxymatrine can inhibit the proliferation of the human tonsillar cells which show high PHA & SAC responses capacity. The effects of oxymarine on mouse splenocytes are the same with the latter.

Objective To compare the effects of bipolar femor al head replacement (BFHR) and total hip replacement (THR) in the treatment of femoral neck fractures (FNF) in the elderly. Methods Between August 1993 and December 2001, BFHR or THR were performed in 48 old patients (at age of 60-85 years, mean 70.8 years) with subcapital and transcervical types of FNF. Of all, 18 cases were tre ated with BFHR (Group BFHR) and 30 with THR (Group THR). Results OF all, two patients died (not related to operation), one received no f ollow up and 45 were followed up for average 5 years and 2 months with no wound infection or hip dislocation. Occurrence rate of hip and thigh pains in the Grou p THR was 3% (1/29), lower than that in the Group BFHR (4/16). Conclus ions BFHR is only fit for senile cases with poor physical con dition. However, THR can be used for most old patients with FNF.

OBJECTIVETo develop a sensitive and specific LC-MS/MS method for determination of Yizhi osmotic pump tablets active ingredient in Beagle dog plasma.

METHODBeagle dog plasma pre-treatment methods were established. Geniposide, notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 notoginsenoside molecular ions and fragment ions peaks were separated well and detected synchronously by LC-MS/MS with digoxin as internal standard.

RESULTUnder the selected LC-MS/MS conditions, the characteristic fragment ions of the four components could be well separated and quantified, and the calibration curves showed good linearity within a certain concentration range of each component; extraction recoveries of those four compounds in plasma were higher than 75%, method recoveries were higher than 90%; day precision (RSD <10%) and inter-day precision (RSD <15%) were generally fine; freeze-thaw and room temperature experiments showed good stability (RSD <15%).

CONCLUSIONThe method is proved to be suitable for pharmacokinetic studies of Yizhi active ingredients in Beagle dog plasma.

Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Calibration ; Chromatography, Liquid ; methods ; Dogs ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Osmosis ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Temperature ; Time Factors

Objective To research the effect mechanism of ultrashortwave in the correlation of ultrashortwave and the tail replantation, provide the experiment basis of clinical practice of prevention and cure for the vascular crisis after micromodule anastomosis. Methods Eighty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats of clean grade were 3-month-old,female,and were divided into four groups:control group (group 0),model group (group 1 ),contrast group (group 2),ultrashortwave (USW) group (group 3).The preparation of tail replantation model was cut off soft tissue except for caudal veins on both sides of the tail. The coccyx was not broken away from tail.At last,the audal artery under abdominal main centre ditch was anastomosed.In experiment process, the USW group was divided into high dosage group (group 3A) and low dosage group (group 3B). The caudal arterys were ligated and not anastomosed in the group 0. Caudal arterys in other groups were anastomosed.Rats in the group 0 and group 1 received no treatment,normal management after the operation. Rats in the group 2 were given abdominal cavity injection of papaverin liquid immediately,then once a day to 5 days after the tail replantation.Rats in the group 3 were immediately given USW therapy of twenty minutes on the anastomosis section,and then once a day for 5 days after the tail replantation.The USW dosage of group 3A was 3th grade and 50mA. The USW dosage of group 3B was 2th grade and 28mA.The survival rate of the rat tails was observed after the tail replantation for 10 day.Before being grouped,it was measured that the tail skin temperature diference between near and far side of anastomosis section.After the tail relpantation, the temperature diference was inspected daily for 10 postoperative days hence. Before rats were grouped and the eighth hour after the tail replantation, rats were collected blood plasma specimens and measured contents of nitric oxide with destination colorimetric mathods of nitric oxide.Results Carrying out comparison of survival rate of every group,the output weve:between tail cutting off group (group 0,0) and tail replantation group (group 1,2,3,43.94％) to compare P ＞ 0.05; between each group of the tail replantation groups (1,2,3A,3B group) to compare P＞ 0.05,group 3B ＜ 2 ＜ 1 ＜ 3A; between group 3B and group 1 to compare P ＞ 0.05; between group 2 and group 1 to compare P ＞ 0.05. Each group were compared with the change daily between postoperative and preceding operative the skin temperature diference,single-factor analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) analysis:Postoperative 1 day,group 3A ＜ 1,P ＜ 0.05.Postoperative 6 day:3A ＜ 3B ＜ 1 ＜ 2,P ＞ 0.05.Postoperative 7 day:group 3B ＜ 1 ＜ 3A ＜ 2,P ＜ 0.05.Each group were compared with the change of the content of nitric oxide between postoperative 8 hour and preceding operative,with rank-sum test:group 3B ＞ 3A ＞ 2 ＞ 1 ＞ 0,H =33.760,P ＜ 0.05,shows statistically significant.Conclusions USW therapy,especially USW low-dose therapy,can reduce vascular crisis and improve the survival rate of replanted rat tails,after the postoperative 1,6,7 days,reduce skin temperature,improve blood supply,improve nitric oxide at postoperative eighth hour,prevent vascular crisis.Rat tail replantation model in this experiment is feasible.

This study was aimed to search anti-platelet aggregation effectors from Gardenia jasminoides extract with the employment of platelet affinity extraction method coupled with HPLC, in order to provide pharmacological experi-mental evidences of the selected effectors to verify its feasibility. Under physiological conditions, washed rat platelets were added into G. jasminoides extract and then a mixture was gained. Consequently, some components from G. jas-minoides extract were combined to the platelets in the mixture while some were not owing to their special chemical structures and properties. Firstly, the uncombined components were washed off from the mixture. Secondly, the com-bined components in the leftover was washed down and collected, respectively, right after destroying the occupied platelets' structures. Thirdly, different collected eluents were analyzed, respectively, by HPLC established in the pre-vious work to search the effectors. Fourthly, pharmacological experiments were implemented for confirmation. The re-sults showed that dominant effective components from G. jasminoides extract acting on anti-platelet aggregation were identified as geniposide. Further evident was provided as well by pharmacological experiment that geniposide exhibit-ed significant inhibitory effect on anti-platelet aggregation in rats induced by ADP, rat tail collagen and thrombin(P< 0.01). It was concluded that the platelet affinity extraction-HPLC method proposed in this paper can be utilized to analyze the correlation of effectors from G. jasminoides extract and its pharmacological effects. Moreover, there are some correlations between screened chemical substances and their pharmacological effects.

OBJECTIVETo prepare puerarin deoxycholate/phospholipid mixed micelle to increase the solubility of puerarin.

METHODSodium deoxycholate and soybean phospholipids were used to prepare puerarin mixed micelle through orthogonal design experiments. With the solubility, shape and particle size as the response indexes, the preparing process of puerarin mixed micelle was optimized.

RESULTThe optimized process for the puerarin deoxycholate/phospholipid mixed micelle was that the puerarin, soya phosphatidylcholine and sodium deoxycholate with the mole ratio of 3:2:4 should be dissolved in methanol-chloroform (1:1), and the solvents should be evaporated rotatively at 30 degrees C. The particle diameter of the mixed micelle was (64.8 +/- 13) nm (volume-weighted particle size distribution), and the solubility was 0.811 1 g x L(-1) in water at the room temperature, which was 22.3 times as that of the raw puerarin (0.036 4 g x L-1).

CONCLUSIONThe puerarin deoxycholate/phospholipid mixed micelle can improve the solubility of puerarin significantly.

Deoxycholic Acid ; chemistry ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; Micelles ; Particle Size ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo study pharmacokinetic of puerarin in rats following different methods of administration of Tongqiao Sanyu prescription.

METHODTongqiao Sanyu prescription was administered to rats by caudal vein injection, nasal administration and oral administration. Plasma samples were extracted with methanol and the plasma concentration of puerarin was analyzed by RP-HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability were calculated with Kinetica software.

RESULTThe main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: AUC(0-infinity) of caudal vein injection was (787.99 +/- 70.44) mg x min x L(-1); AUC(0-infinity) of nasal administration was (376.56 +/- 93.93) mg x min x L(-1); AUC(0-infinity) and oral administration (The dose was decuple higher than that of caudal vein injection and nasal administration) was (491.18 +/- 110.64) mg x min x L(-1). The absolute bioavailability of puerarin was 47.78% by nasal administration and 6.23% by oral administration.

CONCLUSIONThe bioavailability of nasal administration is higher than oral administration significantly, this result can provide some scientific foundantion for the method of administration and the reform of dosage form of Tongqiao Sanyu prescription.

Animals ; Biological Availability ; Drug Administration Routes ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Isoflavones ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study in vitro release of Xingnaojing microemulsion and to investigate the release mechanism.

METHODThe concentration of jasminoidin was determined by HPLC and the concentration of Aipian was determined by GC. In vitro release characteristics were conducted by dialysis technique. Model fitting was used to determine the kinetics and mechanism.

RESULTJasminoidin released completely within 2 h, fitting the Weibell model best. The release of borneol fitted first order model.

CONCLUSIONThe release mechanisms of different types of medicines are quite different. The different types of medicines dissolve in the different phases in the microemulsion.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Emulsions ; Molecular Weight