To investigate whether saikosaponin-d (SSd) had estrogen-like effects in mice.

Object To study the protective effect and pharmacological ischemic preconditioning of sasanquasaponin (SQS) on intact rat heart and its relationship with NO Methods A model of rat myocardial ischemia induced by sc injection of isoproterenol (ISO) was prepared, and after the administration of selective NO synthesis inhibitor methylene blue (MET), the ECG, serum creatine kinase (CK) activity, free fatty acid (FFA) and adenosine contents were determined Results Preconditioning iv injection of SQS can effectively protect the myocardium from ischemia induced by ISO The cardio protective effect was significantly attenuated when the NO synthesis inhibitor MET were injected prior to SQS Conclusion SQS can effectively protect myocardium ischemia induced by ISO and the protection is most likely to be mediated by NO

AIM: To study protective effects as myocardial ischemic preconditioning of sasanquasaponin (SQS) and its relationship with K ATP channel. METHODS: The study adopted the model of myocardial ischemic injury induced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO) in rats, administering specific K ATP channel blocker gliberclamide (GLI 5 mg?kg -1 ). Four groups were set as NS group, I/R group, SQS group ( 0.2 mg?kg -1 ), and GLI group (5 mg?kg -1 ). Prior to injection of ISO, all agents were intraveneously injected into rats for 3 days, one time per day. Subsequently, ISO was subcutaneuously injected into rats by the ways of many different sites, and some indices were measured including ECG, serum creatine kinase (CK) activity, free fatty acid (FFA), and adenosine contents in rats. RESULTS: Preconditioningly intravenous injection of SQS could effectively protect myocardium from ischemic injury induced by ISO. With GLI injected prior to SQS, the cardioprotective effects of SQS were significantly attenuated. CONCLUSION: SQS can protect myocardium from ischemic injury induced by ISO, and the protection may be mediated by K ATP channel.

AIM In this study, we observe the effects of SQS on contents of myocardial malondialdehyde(MDA)and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH Px) through adopting the model of myocardial ischemic injury induced by subcutaneous injection of isoprenaline(ISO 4 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ?2 d) into rats. METHODS Four groups were divided, namely NS, I/R, SQS1 and SQS2 group. The contents of MDA and activities of SOD and GSH Px were examined after administering SQS for 3 days(1 time per day). RESULTS The results show the elevation of S T in ECG, increase of MDA contents and decrease of SOD and GSH Px activities in I/R group. SQS may antagonize the changes of MDA, SOD and GSH Px induced by ISO, revealing the relationship to dose dependence. CONCLUSION SQS is most likely to possess the capabilities of anti oxygen free radicals and anti lipoperoxidation to myocardial ischemic injury induced by ISO.

Objective To probe into the epidemic feature, pa tho genic spectrum and main risk factors of diarrhea during the field training in ar my. Methods Detection of morbidity,investigation of risk factor s and detachment of pathogen were performed. Results The diarrh eal incidence rate of army of field training was 4.36%(106/2 433), which was higher than that of hold garrison(0.98%, 2/204). The incidence rate of officers was lower than that of soldiers. Two incidence peaks concerned with the army motion course were foun d. The detection rate of lapactic bacteria from fecal of patients was 63.1%(65/1 03) and most of them were ETEC, followed by the plesiomonas shigelloides. Se ven ind ividual factors concerned with diarrhea disease were found with logistic analysi s, including dr inking unboiled water, going out to eating and so on. Conclusions Incidence of diarrhea in the army increased obviously during the field training and the chief pathogen are ETEC and plesiomonas shigelloides, at the same time, t he occurrence of diarrhea is related with many individual factors.

Aim To study the protective effect of tetra-hydroxystilbeneglucoside ( TSG ) on cardiac injury and the mechanism involved in silent mating type informa-tion regulation 2 homolog 1 ( SIRT1 ) and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase( AMPK) in the diabetic rats. Methods Type 2 diabetic rats were sac-rificed after administration with TSG for 8 weeks. Blood glucose, blood lipids, liverfunction,creatine ki-nase ( CK ) , lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) as well as myocardial nonesterified fatty acids( NEFA) were deter-mined by using biochemical test. The concentration of myocardial fatty acid transport proteins ( FATPs ) and-fatty acid β-oxidase ( FA-β-oxidase ) , and the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) , interleukin -6 ( IL-6 ) , interleukin-1β( IL-1β) in serum were also measured by ELISA method and radio immunoassay re-spectively. The protein expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, SIRT1 and AMPK were detected by Western blot. Results Treatment of TSG reduced the contentof blood lipids, NEFA and collagen without affecting the content of blood glucose and insulin. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1βin serum as well as the protein expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β of cardia were also inhibited by administration with TSG. Treatment of TSG caused a significantly increased concentration of myocaidial FATPs and FA-β-oxidase, and dramatically restored the decreased protein expressions of SIRT1 and pAMPK in diabetic rats. Conclusion The protec-tive mechanisms of TSG against diabetic rats are in-volved in the alleviation of inflammatory mediator injury and improving energy metabolism.

Objective To explore the behavioral patterns of middle school students and provide basis for unintentional injury prevention in these students.Methods 171 injury students and 171 normal students as controls were evaluated by Youth Self-Report(YSR),and mean scores were compared between the two groups by t Test.Logistic regressions were performed to analyze the relationship between injury students and behavioral problems.Results The rate was higher in injury group(15.79%) than in control group(8.19%).The score of injury group of boys was higher than thar of control group(t=2.942,P=0.004);the score of injury group of girls was higher than thar in control group(t=3.766,P=0.000).Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that attention-deficit(OR=5.376),the problem of thinking(OR=3.672),social problems(OR=2.204) and friendly fellows' action was a risk factor.Conclusions There is a significant effect of the behavior of students and fellow students on the injury to students.

Objective To assess clinical significance of the right side lymph node dissection behind recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods Clinical data of 111 cases of PTC adimitted in our hospital (Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery,the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University) from Feb.2013 to Mar.2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Central lymph node metastasis was analyzed.Univariate and multivariate analysis were made to analyze relations between the right side lymph node (Ⅵ b2) metastasis behind RLN and gender,age,tumor size,capsule infiltration and so on.Results Among 111 cases of PTC,71 had central lymph node metastasis (63.96％).Total metastasis number of the right side lymph node behind recurrent laryngeal nerve (Ⅵ b2) was 2.720±2.037,and the transfer rate was 27.03％ (30/111) (P＜0.05),all lower than those of Ⅵ bl.The one-way ANOVA results showed that metastasis of the right side lymph node behind RLN (Ⅵ b2) was related with age,lateral neck dissection,and Ⅵ b1 lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05) while Ⅵ bl lymph node metastasis was the only independent risk factor for metastasis of the right side lymph node behind RLN(Ⅵ b2) in PTC.Conclusion For patients with right PTC,the metastasis rate of Ⅵ b2 is high,thus dissection of this area is favorable and can accurately reflect lymph node metastasis and further to guide tumor staging and postoperative treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of Shanzha Xiaozhi Capsules (SXC) on body weight, metabolic indexes, body fat accumulation and distribution of obesity patients with phlegm-dampness constitution. Methods Fifty obesity patients with phlegm-dampness constitution were randomized into control group and medicine group, 25 cases in each group. The control group was given lifestyle instructions for diet and exercises, and the medicine group was treated with SXC orally besides the instructions for lifestyle. The treatment for both groups covered 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, we observed the outcomes including scores of phlegm-dampness, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile, urine acid, body fat accumulation and distribution, and visceral fat accumulation. Results(1) The scores of phlegm-dampness were decreased significantly in both groups after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the decrease was obvious in the medicine group(P<0.01).(2) Body weight and BMI were decreased significantly in both groups after treatment(P<0.01), and the decrease was obvious in the medicine group(P<0.05). Waist circumference was decreased significantly in the medicine group(P <0.05) but stayed unchanged in the control group(P>0.05). Hip circumference was decreased significantly in both groups(P <0.05 or P<0.01) , but the difference between the two groups was insignificant(P>0.05).(3) Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure were decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.01). But the difference of blood pressure decrease between the two groups was insignificant(P > 0.05).(4) Fasting blood glucose, 2-hour blood glucose after oral glucose tolerance test, serum lipid profile and urine acid remained unchanged in both groups after treatment (P>0.05). (5) The general body fat accumulation of both groups was decreased significantly after treatment (P <0.05 or P<0.01), and the decrease was obvious in the medicine group(P<0.01). Body fat accumulation in legs, trunk and gynoid region were decreased significantly in both groups after treatment(P<0.05 or P<0.01), but the difference of fat accumulation decrease between the two groups was insignificant(P>0.05). Waist fat accumulation had no significant decrease in the control group (P > 0 . 05), but was decreased in the medicine group (P<0.01). Visceral fat accumulation was decreased significantly in both groups after treatment(P<0.01), and the decrease was obvious in the medicine group (P<0.01). Conclusion In addition to its contribution to body weight loss, SXC also contribute to the reduction of visceral fat accumulation in obesity patients with phlegm-dampness constitution .

Objective To assess the clinical significance of reverse trendelenburg position in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)in thyroid surgery.Methods 110 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC) admitted from Feb.2013 to Mar.2014 were prospectively divided into experimental group and the control group according to whether reserve trendelenburg position was adopted.Univariate and multivariate method were used to analyze relations between PONV and surgical position,gender,age,body mass index,hypertension,surgical time,ASA classification,anesthesia,and motion sickness.Results Of the 110 cases of PTC,the incidence of PONV was 16.28％ (7/43) in the experimental group while it was 37.31％ (25/67) in the control group.The difference had statistical significance(P ＜ 0.05).Statistical analysis showed that PONV was related to patients'gender,surgical position,surgical time,and motion sickness,while only surgical position and motion sickness was the independent risk factors.Conclusion Reverse trendelenburg position surgery can help to prevent PONV and promote recovery.