Objective: To compare the difference of maternal periodontal status and TNF-? levels in gingival cervical fluid in pregnancy with pre-term and full-term and find the relationship between periodontal infections and pre-term. Methods:The case group consisted of 28 women with pre-term and the control group consisted of 22 women giving birth in time. The clinical examination was performed before delivery. The periodontal conditions were evaluated on the basis of the following parameters: gingival index(GI), probing depths(PD), clinical attachment level(CAL) and sulcus bleeding index(SBI). Gingival crevicular fliud(GCF) samples were collected from all individuals and TNF-? levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Results:Clinical periodontal measures(GI, PD, CAL, SBI) in pre- term group were significantly greater than that in the control group. And pre- term group also showed higher prevalence of periodontitis. TNF-? in GCF was detected in 67.85% of pre-term group and in 27.27% of the control group. GCF volumes of case group significantly increased than that of control group. Significant negative correlations were observed between the gestational age at delivery and PD as well as GCF- volumes. Conclusion: There is a possible link between periodontal infections and pregnancy with pre-term condition.

Objective To investigate the effects of low-dose of hydrocortisone on circulating thymus-dependent lymphocyte (T lymphocyte) apoptosis in patients with septic shock. Method fifty-seven patients with septic shock admitted into ICU from January 2006 to January 2009 were prospectively randomized (random number) to treatment group and control group. Another 20 healthy volunteers and 18 patients with sepsis alone were included as external control groups.The patients of treatment group and control group were treated with low-dose of hydrocortisone and placebo,respectively. Samples of peripheral blood were taken from healthy volunteers and patients 0 hr,24 hrs,48 hrs,72 hrs and 168 hrs after onset of the disease to determine the circulating T lymphocyte apoptosis by using the assays of Annexin V and flow cytometry. Least significant difference t -test was used for multiple comparisons. Results The percentage of Annexin V-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes in the primary stage was (11.01 +4.52)% in septic shock patients, (4.41 + 1.45)% in healthy volunteers, and (7.87 + 3. 82)% in patients with sepsis alone. And in the initial setting, the percentage of Annexin V-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes in the septic shock patients was higher than that in healthy volunteers ( P < 0.05) and in patients with sepsis alone ( P < 0.05). The percentage of Annexin V-positive CD8 + T lymphocytes at the beginning was (11.33+19.62)% in septic shock patients, (9.62+8.32)% in healthy volunteers, and (13.09+ 15.84)% in patients with sepsis alone (P > 0.05 between three groups). The percentages of Annexin V-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes in control group after 24 his, 48 hrs and 72 hrs were(13.51+6.85)%, (19.39 + 6.63)% and (15.33+ 6.21)%, respectively. And the percentages of Annexin V-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes in treatment patients after 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs were (17.4 + 7.21)%, (22.61 + 5.64)%, and (25.73 + 6.91)%, respectively. The percentage of Annexin V-positive CD4+ T lymphocytes in septic shock patients was higher than that in control groups ( P < 0.05). The percentages of Annexin V-positive CD8+ T lymphocytes in control group after 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs were (11.49+ 11.73)%, (12.74+ 10.39)% and (13.28+ 16.6)%, respectively, and in the treatment group, those were (9.49 + 8.9)%, (15.32+18.17)% and (13.68+16.84)%, respectively (P >0.05 between two groups). In the meantime, the percentages of Annexin V-positive CDS'1' T lymphocytes in control group and in treatment group were (12.72+ 19.69)% and (13.88 + 13.28)%, respectively (P >0.05). Conclusions Low-dose of hydrocortisone could induce CD4+ T lymphocyte apoptosis and has no effects on CD8+ T lymphocyte apoptosis when it is used to treat septic shock.

Objective To investigate the effect of extracellular histones (EH) on intestinal mucosal barrier function in mice and the correlation of EH with the pathogenesis of sepsis.Methods Twenty male C57BL/6 mice were assigned into experiment group (n =10) and control group (n =10) according to the random number table.Same dose (50 mg/kg) of EH and saline were administered through the caudal vein of mice in experiment and control groups respectively.Blood and intestinal samples in each group were collected 3 h after the administration.Morphology of intestinal mucosal tissue was detected by light scope and transmission electron microscope.Expressions of tight junction related proteins (ZO-1,Occludin and Claudin-1) were detected by western blot.Plasma levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) were determined by ELISA method.Plasma level of endotoxin (ET) was determined by limulus test.Results Under transmission electron microscope,experiment group showed disorganized microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells with partially twisted,broken and lost,unclear tight junctions,and widened cellular space.Under light scope,experiment group showed substantial inflammatory cell infiltration in the intestinal wall,disorganized intestinal villi,edema and hemorrhage of mucosa and submucosa,and edematous goblet cells.Experimental versus control group showed significant reduction in levels of Claudin-1 (0.587 7 ±0.060 6 vs.0.677 2 ±0.038 3),Occludin (0.1277±0.0857vs.0.4306±0.0869) and ZO-1 (0.393 3±0.080 8 vs.0.812 8± 0.096 3) (P ＜ 0.05).Experimental versus control group showed significantly up-regulated plasma levels of DAO [(1.61 ±0.20) U/ml vs.(0.69 ± 0.15) U/ml],I-FABP [(548.5 ± 36.8) EU/ml vs.(178.8±26.9) EU/ml] andET [(0.182±0.076) EU/mlvs.(0.091 ±0.029) EU/ml](P＜0.05).Conclusion EH can obviously impair the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier in mice and hence induce endotoxin translocation.

Cubic and conductive teaching pattern is based on standardized operation process of microbiological specimens. It uses multi-dimensional teaching methods including tests, question guid-ance, discussion, lectures, measurements and scientific researches to lead the undergraduate students to master the standardized inspection process and to train talents with good gifts and abilities in prac-tical application. The teaching pattern helps the trainees complete training in basic experiment skills, analysis and problem solving skills, scientific thinking and working methods. Then the corresponding practical quantification evaluation criteria has been established according to the standardized inspec-tion process to assess the interns' level of grasping various vocational skills and comprehensive appli-cation in the inspection process. This pattern reflects the teaching philosophy of modern laboratory medicine and can scientifically and objectively assess the talent cultivation quality and teaching quality. Since its implementation, these trainees have improved their overall vocational abilities, and made a good preparation for their practical work after school. Besides, it has enhanced the teaching level of microbiology laboratory practice and has been highly valued by interns. It is hoped that this practical experience will be a useful attempt to promote medical education development of modern laboratory medicine.

This study was conducted to explore a proper training model of interns' clinical thinking ability under the construction of a new four-year system of medical laboratory technology courses, combined with the establishment of innovative standard whole process practice mode. Multi-teaching methods of clinical thinking, such as explanation of laboratory sheet, interactive teaching based on micro digital system, interdisciplinary multiple information system, combined PBL teaching and intern report, were applied and evaluated in the laboratory. Integrated application of these methods remarkably improved the intern's com-prehensive professional quality and their practice performance. All methods received high evaluation from both the interns and teachers.

Objective To investigated the clinical distributions and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactia strains isolated from the patients .Methods The identification and susceptibility of the strains were mainly measured by automatic VITEK‐Ⅱ system ,the K‐B disc diffusion tests were used for the resistance test of erythromycin ,meropenem ,and D‐test .Results The iso‐lates were mainly from urine (63 .1% ) ,genital tract(7 .8% ) and wound secretion(6 .7% ) .They were obtained from patients in dif‐ferent situations ,including 110 patients who were older than 50 years old (61 .5% ) ,113 female patients (63 .1% ) ,12 gravidas (6 .7% ) ,3 vertical transmitted newborns(1 .7% ) ,and 82 patients with cancer ,undergoing chemo radiotherapy ,with diabetes ,tuber‐culosis or after operations(45 .8% ) .The resistant rates of the isolated Streptococcus agalactia to erythromycin and clindamycin were 42 .9% -93 .3% and 41 .9% -80 .0% respectively .The positive rate of D‐test was 4 .1% .The strains were highly resistant to tet‐racycline(>80% ) ,while the resistance to penicillin was below 10% except in 2008 .All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and meropenem .Only one strain was resistant to Quinupristin‐dalfopristin .Conclusion Streptococcus agalactia infection in adults most‐ly cause genitourinary tract ,skin and soft tissue infections .There were more females than males with Streptococcus agalactia infec‐tion .Penicillin andβ‐lactams are still the first choice for the treatment .Erythromycin ,clindamycin and tetracycline should be used with caution under the guidance of laboratory susceptibility test results .

Objective:To provide a promising and optimal laboratory susceptibility-testing method for the clinical usage of antibiotic (polymyxin), four susceptibility-testing methods were performed and the broth microdilution (BMD) was chosen as the gold standard.Methods:A total number of eighty-eight nonduplicate clinical Enterobacteriaceae specimes were collected from January to December of 2019 in the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University. Among the clinical specimens, of which six strains were positive for mcr-1. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of polymyxin of the clinical specimens were examined by the following methods: (1) broth microdilution, (2) colistin broth disk elution, (3) Vitek-2?, (4)BD PhoenixTM,(5)commercial broth microdilution. With BMD as reference, essential agreement (EA), categorical agreement(CA), very major error(VME) and major error (ME) of polymyxins for different methods were analyzed. The Kappa-consistency testing, paired Chi-square testing and the Spearman-rank correlation testing were used to analyze the consistency between the four antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods and the gold standard.Results:Taking broth microdilution as reference, the EA of colistin broth disk elution, Vitek-2?, BD PhoenixTM, commercial broth microdilution were 94.32% (83/88), 92.05% (81/88), 90.90% (80/88), and 96.59%(85/88), respectively. The CA of all the four methods were 100% (88/88). No VME and ME were recorded for four methods. Moreover, the consistency between four susceptibility testing methods and the gold standard is acceptable (Kappa values=1, P<0.001, McNemar test P=1 and r>0.5, P<0.05). Conclusions:In the present work, four susceptibility testing methods all met the standards recommended jointly by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, of which the performance of the commercial broth microdilution and CBDE fared relatively well. Thus, these four methods could be routinely used in clinical microbiology laboratory of our hospital for colistin and polymyxin B susceptibility testing.