Since initial identification of astrocyte elevated gene -1 ( AEG-1 ) as a HIV-1-inducible novel oncogene in 2002 ,it has emerged as an important oncogene providing a valuable prognostic marker in pa-tients with various cancers.The present review discusses AEG -1 structure,function and localization.Further-more,we summarize the potential role of AEG -1 in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).This re-view can help us better understand the molecular mechanism in hepatocarcinogenesis .

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with CT-guided thermal ablation (radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation) in treating intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 14 patients with pathologicallyproved intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,who were admitted to authors' hospital during the period from September 2009 to July 2013 to receive TACE with subsequent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or microwave ablation (MWA),were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 18 lesions were detected in the 14 patients.The maximal diameter of the lesion (or the sum of maximal diameters if there were multiple lesions) ranged from 2.2 cm to 7.2 cm (mean 4.2±1.4 cm).After TACE,the lesion's complete ablation rate,surgical complications,tumor-free survival time and overall survival time were evaluated.Results Complete ablation was obtained in 15 lesions (83.3％,15/18).The incidence of moderate complications was 6.2％,and no severe complications or death occurred.After the treatment,the patients were followed up for 6-14 months,with a mean of (16.0±10.3) months.At the end of follow-up,6 patients (42.9％,6/14) died.The median tumor-free survival time in patients whose lesions obtained complete ablation was 17 months.The median survival time of all patients was 20 months.The 1-,2-and 3-year overall survival rates were 82.5％,41.3％ and 20.6％ respectively.Conclusion TACE combined with thermal ablation can be regarded as one of the treatment options for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with CT guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for primary liver cancer in the caudate lobe.Methods Sixteen patients with primary liver cancer in the caudate lobe were treated with combination therapy of TACE and RFA.Complet ablation rate,overall and recurrence-free survival,and complications were evaluated.Results A total of 15 cases achieved complet ablation,complet ablation rate was 93.75％ (15/16).Recurrence-free survival time was 19.35 months,overall survival time was 44.62 months.Overall survival rates were 88.23％,66.65％ and 33.18％ at 1,3,5 years after therapy,respectively.Conclusion TACE combined with RFA is a safe and useful therapeutic option for treatment of primary liver cancer in the caudate lobe.

Objective To investigate the influence of the interval between transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and radiofrequency ablation on the treatment outcome of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods A total of 70 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who received treatment in Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled and divided into observation group (radiofrequency ablation was performed on the day or the second day of TAE) and control group (radiofrequency ablation was performed at 1-2 weeks after TAE) using a random number table, with 35 patients in each group. The independent samples t -test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the paired t -test was used for comparison of observation indicators before and after surgery; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results The observation group had a significantly shorter length of hospital stay than the control group (7.80±2.76 days vs 14.31±2.19 days, t =-10.93, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the observation group and the control group in complete ablation rate (95.12% vs 95.00%, χ 2 =0.001, P =0.980), incidence rate of adverse reactions (25.71% vs 20.00%, χ 2 =0.324, P =0.569), and 1-year recurrence rate (11.43% vs 14.29%, χ 2 =0.128, P =0.721), and there were also no significant differences in laboratory markers between the two groups before and after treatment (all P > 0.05). Conclusion TAE combined with sequential radiofrequency ablation at a short interval is safe and effective in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma and can significantly shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce hospital costs, and therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.