1.Changes of histology and capsular collagen in a rat shoulder immobilization model.
Yu-Lei LIU ; Ying-Fang AO ; Guo-Qing CUI ; Jing-Xian ZHU
Chinese Medical Journal 2011;124(23):3939-3944
BACKGROUNDShoulder immobilization can induce adhesion of the joint, capsular contracture or lead to the condition of frozen shoulder. However, little is known about the histological effects of immobilization on the shoulder joint. This study aimed to explore the effect of immobility on the subscapular bursa (SSB) and the joint capsular content, including the distribution of types I and III collagen, within an immobilized rat shoulder.
METHODSForty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into one control group (n = 6) and four immobilization groups (n = 10 in each group), in which the left shoulders were immobilized with plaster for 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks. At the end of each time point, 2 rats from each group were euthanized and shoulders prepared for serial histological observations of the glenohumeral joints, as well as picrosirius red and immunohistochemical observation of type III collagen. Histological sections of the remaining rat shoulders were used for the immunohistochemical detection of the capsular content of types I and III collagen.
RESULTSThe hyperplastic synovium of the anterior capsule obstructed the communication between the SSB and the glenohumeral joint cavity at 2 and 3 weeks. The adhesion of the SSB appeared at 3 and 4 weeks. The quantitative and qualitative results showed that the capsular contents of types I and III collagen progressively increased at 2, 3 and 4 weeks, and that type III collagen was distributed extensively within the joint capsule at 2 and 3 weeks.
CONCLUSIONImmobilization of the rat shoulder induced synovial hyperplasia of the joint capsule, adhesion of the SSB and an increase of the capsular content of types I and III collagen.
Animals ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Immunohistochemistry ; Joint Capsule ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shoulder Dislocation ; metabolism ; pathology ; Shoulder Joint ; metabolism ; pathology
2.Idiopathic Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate (CPPD) Crystal Deposition Disease in a Young Male Patient: A Case Report.
Joong Kyung AHN ; Hyung Jin KIM ; Eung Ho KIM ; Chan Hong JEON ; Hoon Suk CHA ; Chul Won HA ; Joong Mo AHN ; Eun Mi KOH
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2003;18(6):917-920
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease is a disease of the elderly and extremely rare in young individuals. If young people develop CPPD crystal deposition disease, it may be associated with metabolic diseases such as hemochromatosis, hyperparathyroidism, hypophosphatasia, hypomagnesemia, Wilson's disease, hypothyroidism, gout, acromegaly, and X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets. Therefore, in young-onset polyarticular CPPD crystal deposition disease, investigation for predisposing metabolic conditions is warranted. We report a case of a young male patient with idiopathic CPPD crystal deposition disease, who did not have any evidences of metabolic diseases after thorough evaluations. As far as we know, this is the first report of a young male patient presented with idiopathic CPPD crystal deposition disease.
Adult
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Calcium Pyrophosphate/*metabolism
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Cartilage, Articular/metabolism/pathology
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Human
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Knee Joint/*pathology
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Male
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Metabolic Diseases/metabolism/pathology
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Shoulder Joint/pathology
3.Relaxin Receptor RXFP1 and RXFP2 Expression in Ligament, Tendon, and Shoulder Joint Capsule of Rats.
Jae Hyung KIM ; Sang Kwang LEE ; Seong Kyu LEE ; Joo Heon KIM ; Michael FREDERICSON
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2016;31(6):983-988
Numerous musculoskeletal disorders are caused by thickened ligament, tendon stiffness, or fibrosis of joint capsule. Relaxin, a peptide hormone, can exert collagenolytic effect on ligamentous and fibrotic tissues. We hypothesized that local injection of relaxin could be used to treat entrapment neuropathy and adhesive capsulitis. Because hormonal effect depends on the receptor of the hormone on the target cell, it is important to confirm the presence of such hormonal receptor at the target tissue before the hormone therapy is initiated. The aim of this study was to determine whether there were relaxin receptors in the ligament, tendon, and joint capsular tissues of rats and to identify the distribution of relaxin receptors in these tissues. Transverse carpal ligaments (TCLs), inguinal ligaments, anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs), Achilles tendons, and shoulder joint capsules were obtained from male Wistar rats. Western blot analysis was used to identify relaxin receptor isoforms RXFP1 and RXFP2. The distribution of relaxin receptors was determined by immunohistochemical staining. The RXFP1 isoform was found in all tissues examined. The RXFP2 isoform was present in all tissues but the TCLs. Its expression in ACLs tissues was relatively weak compared to that in other tissues. Our results revealed that RXFP1 and RXFP2 were distributed in distinctly different patterns according to the type of tissue (vascular endothelial cells, fibroblast-like cells) they were identified.
Animals
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Blotting, Western
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*Gene Expression Regulation
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Immunohistochemistry
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Ligaments/*metabolism
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Male
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Rats
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Rats, Wistar
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Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*genetics/metabolism
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Receptors, Peptide/*genetics/metabolism
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Shoulder Joint/*metabolism
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Tendons/*metabolism
4.Uremic Tumoral Calcinosis around the Hip Joint in a Patient on Hemodialysis.
You Sung SUH ; Hyung Suk CHOI ; Dong Il CHUN ; Sung Woo CHOI ; Yong Beom KIM ; Byung Woong CHANG ; Gi Won SEO
Hip & Pelvis 2014;26(1):55-61
The term tumoral calcinosis in used to describe the deposition of nodular calcareous masses in the soft tissue around large joints, such as the hips, shoulders, and elbows. Although the cause has not yet been clearly determined, according to the hypothesis, failure of phosphorus metabolism in the proximal tubule in kidney, chronic renal disease and hyperparathyroidism may cause tumoral calcinosis. No cases of tumoral calcinosis treated with surgical resection in chronic renal failure patients on hemodialysis, so called uremic tumoral calcinosis, have been reported in Korea. The authors experienced the case of a 57-year-old woman with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis who presented with a mass around the hip. We made a diagnosis using plain radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography of tumoral calcinosis, and treated the patient successfully with surgical resection. We report on a case of uremic tumoral calcinosis with a review of the literature.
Calcinosis*
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Diagnosis
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Elbow
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Female
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Hip
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Hip Joint*
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Humans
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Hyperparathyroidism
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Joints
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Kidney
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Kidney Failure, Chronic
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Korea
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Metabolism
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Middle Aged
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Phosphorus
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Renal Dialysis*
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
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Shoulder
5.Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcal Necrotizing Fasciitis Subsequent to Shoulder Sprain in a Healthy Woman.
Hyeung June KIM ; Dong Heon KIM ; Duk Hwan KO
Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery 2010;2(4):256-259
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a deep infection of the subcutaneous tissue that progressively destroys fascia and fat; it is associated with systemic toxicity, a fulminant course, and high mortality. NF most frequently develops from trauma that compromises skin integrity, and is more common in patients with predisposing medical conditions such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, alcoholism, renal disease, liver disease, immunosuppression, malignancy, or corticosteroid use. Most often, NF is caused by polymicrobial pathogens including aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. NF caused by Staphylococcus aureus as a single pathogen, however, is rare. Here we report a case of NF that developed in a healthy woman after an isolated shoulder sprain that occurred without breaking a skin barrier, and was caused by Staphylococcus aureus as a single pathogen.
*Arm
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Coagulase/metabolism
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Fasciitis, Necrotizing/*etiology/microbiology/pathology/surgery
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Female
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Humans
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Middle Aged
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Shoulder Joint/*injuries
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Sprains and Strains/*complications
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Staphylococcal Infections/*etiology/microbiology
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Staphylococcus aureus/enzymology/isolation & purification