Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

Exercise Test ; Female ; Heart Sounds ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Phonocardiography ; methods ; Pregnancy ; Stress, Physiological ; physiology ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; classification ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Beta-glycosidase (Tngly) from the thermophilic eubacterium Thermus nonproteolyticus HG102, which is a thermostable monomeric protein and adopts the (beta/alpha)8 barrel fold, is an excellent model system to be investigated for the thermostable mechanism, activity and substrate specificity. Here, based on the analysis of structural basis for thermostability of Tngly (Wang et al, 2003) and comparison of other proteins structure of homofamily, Glu164 and Glu338 may act as proton donor and nucleophile in the hydrolysis reaction respectively; proline located at N1 of alpha-helix and arginine which can form ion link may contribute to the thermostability. We aim to further identify the critical sites and the amino acid residue(s) responsible for the activity, the thermal stability and the substrate specificity. Mutations had been constructed by site-directed mutagenesis. They are Glu164Gln, Glu338Ala, Pro316Gly, Arg325Leu, Pro344Phe, Pro356Ala and Pro316Gly/Pro356Ala. All mutant proteins were purified to SDS-PAGE purity. Changes in the conformations were examined by means of CD. The Glu338Ala mutant showed no detectable hydrolysis activity, but can synthesize oligosaccharides, as expected for the residue acting as the nucleophile of the reaction. The Glu164 acts as the general acid/base catalyst in the hydrolysis reaction. Changes in stabilities of mutants compared with wild-type were determined by means of heat inactivity experiment. These results indicate that the amino acid residue of proline that is located at N1 positions of alpha-helix, and Arg325 that form salt bridge between alpha-helices 5 and alpha-helices 6, are the critical sites to protein thermostabilization.
Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Enzyme Stability ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrolysis ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Mutation ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Thermus ; enzymology ; genetics ; beta-Glucosidase ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo clarify the resource of medicinal plants of genus Polygonum s. lat. distributed in Anhui Province.

METHODConducting field investigation and consulting related specimens and data.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe distribution, growing environment and medicinal use of 32 taxa have been clarified. A scientific basis for further study for these medicinal plants has been provided.

Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; pharmacology ; Antidiuretic Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ecosystem ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; classification ; Polygonum ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; classification

Objective To investigate the basic distribution of endemic areas in the type of drinking water arsenism and in Xiantao City,Hubei Province,and to offer a scientific basis for control and prevention.Methods According to"the Chinese Scheme of Implementing Surveillance of Distribution of Endemic Arsenism",considering with the special geography feature of Xiantao,both sampling and overall survey were used in 7 towns chosen.The water arsenic content was determined by half quantitative fast reagent-box method.We began to search for clues and patients according to the endemic areas and the families with high arsenic wells.Results High endemic arsenic water sources were distributed in 7 the towns(districts or farms).In 81 villages of Xiantao City,35 villages had drinking water arsenic content exceeding 0.05 mg/L,accounting for 43.21%(35/81).In 4020 screened wells,269 had arsenic content higher than the national standard,the detective rate of high arsenic wells(more than 0.05 mg/L)was 6.69%(269/4020),with the highest rate in Shahu Seed Plant being 13.56%(115/848).The population exposed to high arsenic was 1091,in a rate of 5.75%(1091/18 975),in which 281 children were exposed in a rate of 5.82%(281/4826).In Shahu Seed Plant,467 people including 129 children were exposed to high arsenic, accounting for 13.26%(467/3522)and 12.91%(129/999),respectively.Conclusions High arsenic sources widely exist in Xiantao City,especially in Shahu Seed Plant,where arsenic content,the exposed rate of population and children are high.Therefore,prevention and control should be carried out in the southeast as soon as possible,as well as in other places where situation is less serious.

The multifunctional cephalostat is able to hold the patients' head better and firmly at prone position after tracheal intubation under general anesthesia According to the size of patients head,the anesthetist can properly adjust the distance of the malor holder and the distance between the superciliary ridge and the lower jaw,and fix the two tempora to prevent the head swaying.So this instrument greatly facilitates the anesthesia managements.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the feasibility and safety of one-day bowel preparation for colorectal surgery.

METHODSForty patients undergone colorectal surgery were divided randomly into the Control group and the Experimental group and received 3-day magnesium sulfate and 1-day sodium phosphate bowel preparations before the operation, respectively. The levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum electrolytes, and anaerobe counts in the stool prior and post bowel preparation were examined. The general status, surgical complications, and structure of intestinal mucosa in the patients were observed after the operation.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in the anastomoses healing, infectious complications, serum tests and intestinal mucosa structures between the two groups. Less diarrhea occurred prior and post the surgery in the experimental group, and they felt better with the bowel preparation. The anaerobe counts in stool were higher after the bowel preparation than before in both groups.

CONCLUSIONSOne-day bowel preparation with sodium phosphate is a safe and reliable method for colorectal surgery. The shortening of preparation time can reduce the degrees of uncomfortable feeling and disruptions of intestinal micro-ecology and barrier.

Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Enema ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; microbiology ; Magnesium Sulfate ; administration & dosage ; Middle Aged ; Phosphates ; administration & dosage ; Postoperative Complications ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Prospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo establish an easily reproducible animal model of hypospadias and to test whether Atrazine can induce hypospadias in animal experiment.

METHODSFrom the 11th to 16th day after conception, 120 conceived SD rats were divided randomly into 6 groups: one coin oil group (1 ml/kg/d), two finasteride groups (10 mg/kg/d, 20 mg/kg/d), three Atrazine groups (25 mg/kg/d, 100 mg/kg/d, 200 mg/kg/d). When all pregnant rats had delivered, the new born rats were counted and the penis appearance, urethral orifice position and micturition were observed with magnifying lens and anatomy microscope.

RESULTSHypospadias were found in new born male rats treated prenatally with Finasteride (10 mg/kg/d, 20 mg/kg/d) and 200 mg/kg/d Atrazine groups. The incidence was 28.30%, 67.03%, 10.23% respectively. Embryotoxic effects were observed at 25 mg/kg/d Atrazine group in 2 rats and associated with no severe maternal toxicity.

CONCLUSIONS(1) A hypospadias SD rats model can be established by Finasteride and it is easily reproducible. (2) The Atrazine was teratogenic to the SD rats, embryotoxic effects were observed at the low dose level and associated with no severe maternal toxicity.

Animals ; Atrazine ; adverse effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Finasteride ; adverse effects ; Hypospadias ; chemically induced ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Teratogens