Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Silicosis

Prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHDs) family is one of the most important regulatory factors in hypoxic stress. PHD2 plays a critical role in cells and tissues adaptation to the low oxygen environment. Its hydroxylation activity regulates the stability and transcriptional activity of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), which is the key factor in response to hypoxic stress. Subsequently, PHD2 acts as an important factor in oxygen homeostasis. Studies have shown that PHD2, through its regulation on HIF-1, plays an important role in the post-ischemic neovascularization. Furthermore, under hypoxic condition, PHD2 also regulates other pathways that positively regulate angiogenesis factors HIF-1 independently. Moreover, recently, several evidences have also shown that PHD2 also affects tumor growth and metastasis in a tumor microenvironment. Based on these facts, PHD2 have been considered as a potential therapeutic target both in treating ischemic diseases and tumors. Here, we review the molecular regulation mechanism of PHD2 and its physiological and pathological functions. We focus on the role of PHD2 in both therapeutic angiogenesis for ischemic disease and tumor angiogenesis, and the current progress in utilizing PHD2 as a therapeutic target.
Animals ; Humans ; Hydroxylation ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ; metabolism ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; physiology ; Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Microenvironment ; Vascular Diseases ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) and organophosphate compound that could produce organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) in hen and other sensitive species, directly affect oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cell of the central nervous system.

METHODSThis was achieved by a combination of measurements of cell viability (MTT) cell pathological observation in the presence and absence of the compound cultured hen brain oligodendrocytes were prepared and treated with various concentrations of TOCP.

RESULTSIn a time-course experiment TOCP showed a cytotoxic effect to oligodendrocytes and led to the oligodendrocyte processes disintegrated and membranous blebs, cytoplasmic vacuolation following exposure time of 24 h or longer, it showed a dose-depended and time-depended manner cytotoxic effect to oligodendrocytes at dose levels of 0.5 approximately 1.5 microg/ml (1.35 approximately 4.05 mol/L) concentrations of TOCP for 24 - 72 h exposure. MTT experiment indicated that TOCP inhibited cell viability by dose-depended manner at dose levels of 0.5 approximately 1.5 microg/ml (1.35 approximately 4.05 mol/L) concentrations of TOCP for an 24 h exposure.

CONCLUSIONSTOCP is cytotoxic to oligodendrocytes and leads to the oligodendrocyte processes disintegrated and membranous blebs, vacuolar degeneration, which suggests that this oligodendrocyte degeneration may involve in the pathogenesis mechanism for OPIDN.

Animals ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex ; pathology ; Chickens ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Oligodendroglia ; drug effects ; pathology ; Tritolyl Phosphates ; toxicity ; Vacuoles ; drug effects ; pathology

italic>Panax quinquefolium L. is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine with a large market demand. It has a complex chemical composition and numerous biological activities. At present, research on P. quinquefolium is focused on its underground parts, with especial interest in its saponins. There are few studies on non-saponins and the aboveground parts of Panax quinquefolium. Current quality standards are based on the saponin contents, which does not address the other benefits of Panax quinquefolium. This paper summarizes progress on the chemical components, pharmacological effects, quality evaluation, and product development of P. quinquefolium in recent years, and provides references for its further R&D and comprehensive utilization.

Objective To evaluate the prophylactic efficacy of compound sulfamethoxazole (SMZco)combined with ganciclovir on severe pulmonary infection in the early stage of renal transplantation. Methods Between January 2005 and January 2006,two hundred and forty renal allograft patients in our hospital were enrolled in this study.All the patients were divided into two groups.Group A(n=84)received oral SMZco combined with intravenous ganciclovir.Group B(n=156)received intravenous ganciclovir only as control.According to the time of SMZco administration,group A was divided into two subgroups:group A1(within 2weeks after transplantation,n=43)and group A2(more than 2 weeks after transplantation,n=41).All the patients were followed up for 9 months.Incidence of pulmonary infection and effects on graft function by SMZco at different time point were investigated. Results The incidence of severe pulmonary infection and mortality of infection were significantly lower in group A than those in group B (2/84 vs 16/156,P=0.027;0/2 vs 2/16,P＜0.01).There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of age,gender,warm or cold ischemia,complement dependent cytotoxieity test results,incidence of urinary infection and Scr.The incidence of elevatedScr was significantly lower in group A2 than that in group A1(15/43 vs 2/41,P＜0.01),however,all the elevated Scr returned to basal level within 1 week after SMZco was discontinued.Conclusions Oral SMZco combined with ganciclovir administration after renal transplantation is effective on preventing severe pulmonary infection and thus improves graft and recipient survival.The administration of oral SMZco initiated more than 2 weeks after transplantation is better for graft function.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effects of suturing-assisted locking plate in treating elderly proximal humeral fractures.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to January 2013, 55 elderly patients with three- and four-part fractures of proximal humeral fractures were divided into treatment group and control group. In treatment group, there were 31 patients including 12 males, and 19 females aged from 65 to 85 with an average of (74.00±5.42) years old, and treated with suturing-assisted locking plates; 19 patients were Neer 3-part fractures, and 12 patients were Neer 4-part fractures of proximal humerus; 23 patients were suffered from low-energy injuries and 8 patients were caused by high-energy injuries. In control group, there were 24 patients including 7 males, and 17 females aged from 65 to 85 with an average of (72.79±5.34) years old, and treated with locking plates; 16 patients were Neer 3-part fractures, and 8 patients were Neer 4-part fractures of proximal humerus; 17 patients were suffered from low-energy injuries and 7 patients were caused by high-energy injuries. Operative time, blood loss during operation, and bone healing time between two groups were observed and compared. Postoperative Neer scoring were used to evaluate recovery of shoulder joint function.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 16.1 months. In treatment group, blood loss was (495.806±143.150) ml, function of Neer scoring was 22.645±2.443, range of action was 18.194±2.613, anatomy was 7.935±1.504 and total score of Neer scoring was 77.161±8.335; while in control group, blood loss was (641.667±169.851) ml, function of Neer scoring was 13.958±1.989, range of action was 13.083±2.165, anatomy was 5.500±1.978 and total score of Neer scoring was 58.792±7.313. There were sigificant difference between two groups in these indexes.

CONCLUSIONSuturing-assisted locking plate for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures in elderly, has advantages of less blood loss, simple fracture reduction and rapid recovery of shoulder joint, and is a effective method.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Recovery of Function ; Shoulder Fractures ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Shoulder Joint ; physiopathology ; Sutures

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of the individual genotype differences of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR on the mother-to-neonate intrauterine infection of HBV.

METHODSThe genotypes of the gene DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR in the pregnant women with HBV positive were detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. The significant difference of gene diversity of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR was analyzed by chi-square test.

RESULTS(1) All of 29 cases in intrauterine infection group were 7/7 DC-SIGN genotype. In the non-intrauterine infection group, 7/5 genotype were observed in 2 of 54 cases, and the other 52 cases were 7/7 genotype. The two groups was no significant difference (P = 0.54). (2) 29 cases of intrauterine infection group was observed 4 genotypes of DC-SIGNR such as 7/7, 7/5, 9/7 and 6/5, the genotype frequencies were 0.3793, 0.3448, 0.2414 and 0.0345 respectively. 54 cases of non-intrauterine infection group was found 6 genotypes such as 7/7, 7/5, 9/5, 9/7, 7/6 and 6/5, genotype frequencies were 0.5186, 0.1481, 0.0926, 0.1852, 0.0370 and 0.0185 respectively. The distribution of 7/5 genotype in the intrauterine infection group (29 cases) and the non-intrauterine infection group (54 cases) was statistically significant (P = 0.038) , and no significant difference was found in other genotypes between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe gene DC-SIGN showed relatively little variation in the pregnant women infected with HBV. On the countrary, there were multiple genotypes of the gene DC-SIGNR in these women, and the genotype "7/5" of DC-SIGNR might be one of the susceptibility genes associated with intrauterine infection.

Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; transmission ; virology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Lectins, C-Type ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; genetics ; virology ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in experimental liver fibrosis rats. METHODS: The liver fibrosis model was established by carbon tetrachloride. Rats were divided into a control group and PGE1-treated group. The pathological changes of the liver tissue from the two groups, the semi-quantitative analysis of hepatitic activity in HE stain sections, the pathological image quantitative analysis of the fibrosis degree, TIMP-1 positive cells, and the content of collagen were synthetically analysed. RESULTS: The mark changes of liver pathology in HE stain sections were that the degree of hepatitic activity in the PGE1-treated group was obviously lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The fibrosis degree, TIMP-1 positive cells and the collagenous fibers decreased in the PGE1-treated group (P <0.05). CONCLUSION PGE1 has an anti-hepatofibrosis effect in the experimental rats, the inflammation of liver is light, and the proliferation of collagenous fibers can be restrained, whose mechanism is probably associated with the suppression of TIMP-1 expression caused by PGE1.
Alprostadil ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; Female ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and security of different uses of propofol on the sedation during the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. METHODS: Four hundred patients who underwent gastroscopy received midazolam and propofol as sedation. Patients were divided to 4 groups with different intervals between midazolam and propofol: Group A and D with the interval of 30 seconds to 1 minute, Group B and C with 3 to 5 minute interval. All patients were premedicated with midazolam and propofol at 16 approximately 25 mg/10s (Group A and B) and 6 approximately 7 mg/10s (Group C and D). RESULTS: The doses of propofol of Group A,B,C, and D were (111.90+/-22.43),(102.20+/-15.99),(73.05+/-13.08) and (80.90+/-17.36)mg respectively, with significant difference(P<0.01). The time of return to consciousness decreased markedly in Group C and D [(9+/-1), (10+/-2)min ], and that of Group A and B was [(14+/-5), (13+/-3)min ]. There was significant difference between Group C, D and Group A, B(P<0.01). CONCLUSION The dose of propofol and the time of return to consciousness depend on the rate of administration and the interval between midazolam and propofol. Appropriate rate and interval can produce safer and more effective sedation for the upper gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; administration & dosage ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Midazolam ; administration & dosage ; Propofol ; administration & dosage ; Time Factors

Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications