OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of enteral supplement of arginine on intestinal adaptation in rats with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and to study its mechanism.

METHODSSD rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham rats (Con), SBS rats (SB) and SBS rats supplemented with enteral arginine (SB-Arg). All the animals received isonitrogenic and isocaloric enteral nutrition, except that SB-Arg rats received enteral nutrition supplemented with arginine (300 mg kg(-1) d(-1)). Fat absorbability, plasma free fatty acids, parameters of intestinal adaptation, enterocytes proliferation and apoptosis were determined.

RESULTSAfter massive small bowel resection, rats had significant bowel adaptation. Compared with SB rats, SB-Arg rats demonstrated a significant increase in fat absorbability [(84.9+/-3.2)% vs [(81.3+/-3.9)%], plasma level of free fatty acids [(650.0+/-86.5) vs (289.5+/-76.9) mg/L], ileal mucosal weight [(18.0+/-3.5) vs (13.5+/-3.0) mg cm(-1) 100 g(-1)], ileal DNA content [(29.6+/-3.3) vs (26.0+/-2.6) microg cm(-1) 100 g(-1)], jejunal mucosal protein content [(65.5+/-7.3) vs (59.8+/-6.2) microg cm(-1) 100 g(-1)], ileal mucosal protein content[(39.2+/-2.3) vs(35.4+/-2.3) microg cm(-1) 100 g(-1)], jejunal mucosal proliferation index [31+/-4 vs 22+/-3] and ileal mucosal proliferation index [32+/-2 vs 25+/-3] (all P<0.05). Moreover, jejunal and ileal villus length, crypt depth and mucosal thickness in SBS-Arg rats were higher than those in SB rats (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIn rat SBS model, enteral supplement of arginine appears to stimulate intestinal structural and functional adaptation. The mechanism may be that arginine can stimulate enterocyte proliferation and inhibit enterocyte apoptosis.

Animals ; Arginine ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Enteral Nutrition ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Intestines ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Short Bowel Syndrome ; metabolism ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo study the biological exposure index of carbon disulfide in China.

METHODSHigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect the levels of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in the urine of the workers after working shift end, Gas chromatography was used to detect the concentrations of the carbon disulfide in the workplace air. The relationship between the urine TTCA levels and the concentrations of the carbon disulfide was analyzed, the biological exposure index and judgement result from PC-TWA were compared.

RESULTSThe levels of TTCA in urine of workers occupationally exposed to carbon disulfide were closely and positively related with the concentrations of the carbon disulfide in the workplace air. The regression equation was Y = 0.265X - 0.165, The biological exposure index of carbon disulfide were calculated by regression equation according to occupational exposure limits of carbon disulfide in China.

CONCLUSIONThe biological exposure index of CS(2) in China might be revised for 1.2 mg/g Cr.

Carbon Disulfide ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; Environmental Monitoring ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Thiazolidines ; urine ; Threshold Limit Values ; Workplace

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of long-term exposure to carbon disulfide (SC(2)) on cardiovascular system of workers.

METHODSThe concentrations of CS(2) were detected in the representative workshops with different exposure levels. The indicators related to cardiovascular system were tested in 633 workers occupationally exposed to CS(2), which included blood pressure, electrocardiogram, blood routine (blood RT), cholesterol (TCHO), triglyceride (TG) and so on. The data were analyzed by chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe exposure concentration of CS(2) for 389 workers was less than or equal to 5 mg/m(3), which for other 244 workers was higher than 5 mg/m(3). The maximum exposure concentration of CS(2) was 15.73 mg/m(3). There were no significant effects of CS(2) on the electrocardiogram, red blood cells, white blood cells, blood platelet, TCHO and TG of workers. However, the positive effects of CS(2) on blood pressure and negative effects of CS(2) on hemoglobin were found. The rates of high TCHO, TG and hypertension in male workers were significantly higher than those in female workers (P < 0.05). The rates of high TCHO, hypertension and sinus arrhythmia in older workers (≤ 30 years old) were significantly higher than those in young workers (> 30 years old) (P < 0.05). The rate of sinus arrhythmia in workers with 1 - 10 working years was significantly higher than that in workers with more than 10 working years (P < 0.05). The rate of hypertension in workers with 1 - 10 working years was significantly lower than that in workers with more than 10 working years (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere were no significant effects of CS(2) exposure on the indexes of cardiovascular system of workers.

Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; Cardiovascular System ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the underlying mechanism of apoptosis-inducing effect of a specific COX-2 inhibitor SC236 in gastric cancer cells.

METHODSWestern blot analysis was used to measure apoptosis-related proteins, cytochrome c, and caspase-3. The catalytic activity of the caspases was measured using a colorimetric assay.

RESULTSTreatment of AGS gastric cancer cells with SC236 caused a significant elevation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bak, release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, and activation of caspase-3. A specific caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk, blocked SC236-induced apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONSC236 inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells at least partly through the up-regulation of Bak, stimulation of cytochrome c release, and activation of caspase-3.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Humans ; Oligopeptides ; pharmacology ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; bcl-2 Homologous Antagonist-Killer Protein ; metabolism

Objective: To explore the feasibility of DDD pacemaker implantation under EnSite system guidance with micro X-ray. Methods: DDD pacemaker implantation under EnSite system guidance with micro X-ray was performed in 5 special patients who needed cardiac pacing while should be avoid X-ray exposure. Results: All 5 patients were smoothly finished DDD pacemaker implantation, no wire dislocation or perforation occurred after the operation. The cumulative skin radiation dose was (2.20±0.45) mGy, operative X-ray exposure time was (11.60±2.07) s and the operation time was (58.40±4.04) min. Conclusion: DDD pacemaker implantation under EnSite system guidance with micro X-ray was safe and feasible.

The complex field cure instrument is a new medical instrument with which an experiment was carried out. Rats were continuously irradiated by the complex field for 90 days, with a day's total dose of 285.9 M.T.G. while other rats weren't irradiated for control group. The animals were respectively killed at 7d, 14d, 30d, 60d and 90d, and their blood samples were taken for cell and humoral immune analysis. The results show that values of lymphocyte transform rate, soluble receptor (SIL-2R), total hemolytic complement levels (CH50) and immunoglobulin (A.G.) after irradiation are more than those of the control group having proved that the instrument may improve immune function of rats.
Animals ; Female ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; instrumentation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Time Factors

A wide range of pharmacological and clinical studies have been made on compound Ejiao Jiang in enriching blood, enhancing white blood cell, adjuvant chemotherapy, et al. By reference to relevant documents, this study summarizes current researches on compound Ejiao Jiang in terms of pharmacological and clinical application, providing literature basis for further studies on compound Ejiao Jiang.
Animals ; Blood Circulation ; drug effects ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of carvedilol on stabilizing atherosclerosis plaque.

METHODSForty five male Japanese white rabbits were divided randomly into 5 groups with 9 for each. One group was fed up with normal diet as blank control. In other four groups, the common carotid artery of rabbits fed up with high cholesterol diet were injured by balloon. Three groups of them were transfected by wild-type p53 gene 8 weeks later, and then two groups of them were treated with carvedilol (3 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1)) and metoprolol (6 mgxkg(-1)xd(-1)) respectively, high cholesterol diet should be continued for other 4 weeks. Serum lipid, hypersensitive C-reaction protein (hsCRP), oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were measured in 0, 8, 12 weeks after experiment. The apoptosis rate of smooth muscle cell (SMC) in endomembrane and the local expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, alpha-actin were examined after experiment, and the carotid arteries were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

RESULTSThe typical carotid atherosclerotic plaques were observed in balloon-injured groups. The local expression rates of p53 in groups transfected by wild type p53 gene were higher obviously than them in other two groups (P < 0.01). Compared with the rabbits received simple transfection, the thickness of the fibrous cap in rabbits received carvedilol and metoprolol were all increased, but the change could be observed significantly in carvedilol group (P < 0.05). Compared with metoprolol, carvedilol could reduce the level of serum hsCRP, oxLDL, MDA, and increase the concentration of SOD and GSH-PX significantly (P < 0.05 or 0.01), but two medicines had no obvious influence to serum lipid. The apoptosis rate of SMC in endomembrane, the local expression of bax gene and bax/bcl-2 ratio were decreased, the positive expression rates of alpha-actin and bcl-2 were enhanced in carvedilol group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSBoth carvedilol and metoprolol can improve the stability of the plaque, but carvedilol is superior. Its mechanisms may lie in that carvedilol still has function of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, decreasing the apoptosis rate of SMC in addition to its function of blocking beta-receptor.

Animal Feed ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carbazoles ; pharmacology ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; genetics ; pathology ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Male ; Metoprolol ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Propanolamines ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To express the recombinant SPLUNC1 protein in HNE1 cells and to study its function of bactericidal and binding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Full length of SPLUNC1 gene was cloned into pCMV-tag4A vector and stably transfected into HNE1 cell lines, the supernatant of cell cultures was collected. After being treated with the supernatant, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa was seeded to LB soft agar plate, and the bacteria clones were counted and analyzed. For in vitro LPS binding assay, LPS was coated to 96-well plates. We incubated in the plate with SPLUNC1 protein, and detected the binded SPLUNC1 protein by ELISA. Incubating the FITC-LPS with the SPLUNC1 stably transfected or control cells, the intracellular intensity of fluorescence was observed under the fluorescence microscope. RESULTS: SPLUNC1 inhibited the bacteria clone formation obviously. Although the binding efficiency of LPS and SPLUNC1 in vitro was very low, more FITC-LPS entered into the SPLUNC1 stably transfected cells. CONCLUSION SPLUNC1 can inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and bind LPS, and play an important defensive role in innate immunity of the upper airway.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Glycoproteins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Phosphoproteins ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; drug effects ; Respiratory Mucosa ; chemistry ; immunology ; Respiratory System ; chemistry ; immunology ; Transfection

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Tachycardia ; therapy