Adult ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; adverse effects ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foscarnet ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; drug therapy ; etiology ; immunology ; virology ; Male

Objective To study whether the measure of consumption of iodized salt to prevent iodine deficiency disorders could lead to residents excessive iodine intake in the coastal areas in China.Methods A large population-based cross-sectional study was carried out in four typical costal provinces along the coastline from north to south,including Liaoning,Shanghai,Zhejiang and Fujian.In addition to survey all of its area of Shanghai,the other three provinces' investigation was carried out at urban and rural levels,respectively,including 5 costal cities,5 costal villages and 3 inland rural areas(as a control point) in each province.In each investigated spot,the local water iodine,residents qualified iodized salt consumption rate,per capita daily intake of salt and urinary iodine levels in different populations were investigated.Results A total of 7552 copies of drinking water samples,7996 salt samples and 9873 urine samples of different populations(adults,lactating women,pregnant women and children) were collected from the 4 provinces.Except the coastal cities and counties of Zhejiang province,the qualified iodized salt consumption rates at household were all greater than 90％ in the investigated spots.The median urinary iodine(MUI) of adults and children investigated in the costal areas were in the range of 100 - 299μg/L.The MUIs of lactating women of all investigated areas were all greater than 100 μg/L.The MUI of pregnant women was at an insufficient iodine level which was lower than 150 μg/L in Shanghai,the costal cities of Zhejiang and the coastal counties of Fujian.Conclusions The overall level of iodine nutrition of coastal residents is appropriate; and it is insufficient among pregnant women in some coastal areas; coastal areas should adhere to the salt iodization measures to control iodine deficiency disorders.

Background Optic neuropathy is one of the diabetic eye complications.Rosiglitazone,a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ(PPARγ) agonist,plays a very important role in arresting the pathogenesis and development of diabetes.However,the role of PPARγ in diabetic optic neuropathy is unclear.Objective This study was to investigate the protective effect of rosiglitazone against diabetic optic neuropathy and its mechanism.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group,diabetic group and rosiglitazone group,with 10 rats for each group.Diabetic models were induced by injecting 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin via the caudal vein,and rosiglitazone(5 ng/[kg· d])was used in the rats of the rosiglitazone group by intragastric administration every day for four weeks.At the end of the experiment,the fasting blood sugar(FBS) was tested in all the animals.The level of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the blood plasma was detected by ELISA.Optical neural tissues were obtained from the rats of each group,and Lauck fast Blue myelin stain was used to examine the morphology of the optical myelin.The expression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) mRNA and protein in the optic nerve was detected by real time PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results The levels of FBS,blood plasma VEGF,NCAM mRNA and protein in the optic nerve were significantly different among the control group,diabetic model group and the rosiglitazone group after the administration of 5 nmg/(kg · d) rosiglitazone for 4 weeks (F =6.12,P＜0.01 ; F =5.14,P＜0.05 ; F =4.75,P＜0.05 ; F =4.87,P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the level of FBS significantly increased in the diabetic model group(t =2.26,P＜O.05),and that in the rosiglitazone group significantly declined in comparison with the diabetic model group(t=2.08,P＜0.05).The optic nerve exhibited a normal morphology in the control group as revealed by the Lauck fast Blue myelin staining;however,severe demyelination of the optic nerve and proliferation of glial cells were found in the diabetic model group,and mild demyelination of the optic nerve and proliferation of glial cells were seen in the rosiglitazone group.Blood plasma VEGF was(28.76±4.21)ng/L in the control group and(134.28±11.36)ng/L in the diabetic model group,showing a significant difference between them (t=2.36,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the model group,the blood plasma VEGF was significantly lower in the rosiglitazone group ([42.67 ± 5.83] ng/L) than that in the diabetic model group (t =2.17,P＜ 0.05).Expression of NCAM mRNA and protein in the optic nerve significantly decreased in the diabetic model group compared with the control group(t =2.21,t =2.58,both at P＜0.05);while those in the rosiglitazone group were significantly elevated in comparison with the diabetic model group(t =2.19,t =2.67,both at P＜O.05).Conclusions Rosiglitazone can protect optic nerve from damage in diabetic rats mainly by downregulating blood plasma VEGF level and upregulating NCAM expression.

Quorum sensing systems of pathogens are central regulators for the expression of virulence factors. Increasing evidence implies that targeting the quorum sensing system of many pathogenic bacteria is a promising therapeutic approach to control infections. In this work,we isolated 47 strains of actinomycetes from the mud sample of Jiaozhou Bay. Quorum sensing inhibitory activity was monitored by Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. As a result,the culture broth extract of actinomycetes WA-7 was found to have significant quorum sensing inhibitory activity. This strain was assigned to the genus Streptomyces based on its 16S rDNA sequence. Further investigation revealed that the extract could inhibit the quorum sensing-controlled violacein and proteases production of C. violaceum in a concentration-dependent manner.

In view of the predominance problems in present experimental teaching of medical microbiology, we reformed the experimental contents and experimental teaching methods,to establish an entire experimental curriculum teaching system to be suitable for seven-year system and long educational system students,which manifests the creative teaching idea.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus point application in managing pain after thoracoscopic radical lung cancer surgery(TRLCS). Methods:A total of 120 patients undergoing TRLCS were randomized into a treatment group and a control group,with 60 cases in each group.Both groups received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)to relieve postoperative wound pain.The control group did not receive any other interventions.The treatment group started acupuncture treatments 4 h after the surgery with point application between two acupuncture sessions;the acupuncture treatment was conducted 4,24,48,and 72 h after the surgery.At the above 4 time points,the visual analog scale(VAS)score and additional PCIA drug consumption were recorded.The 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)content in the peripheral blood was determined 4 h and 72 h after the surgery. Results:The treatment group was superior to the control group in comparing the total effective rate(P<0.05).After the intervention,the VAS score decreased in both groups(P<0.05);the VAS score presented different decreasing patterns at each time point in the two groups,and the score dropped more significantly in the treatment group than in the control group(P<0.05).The total PICA drug consumption varied in the two groups after the surgery;the additional analgesic consumption was notably smaller in the treatment group than in the control group(P<0.05).The decrease in the 5-HT content in the peripheral blood also varied in the two groups;the peripheral blood 5-HT content was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion:Acupuncture plus point application can significantly relieve wound pain after TRLCS.

OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between the recurrence of cerebral infarction and aspirin resistance (AR)/Chinese medical (CM) constitutions.

METHODSTotally 413 cerebral infarction patients took Aspirin Enteric-coated Tablet (100 mg per day) while receiving routine therapy, 5 days at least in a week. They were followed-up for 12 months. Aspirin sensitivity (AS) was determined using turbidimetry. CM constitutions among patients with different AS were compared. Ratios of AR patients and AS patients of different CM constitutions in cerebral infarction recurrent patients were compared. Platelet membrane glycoproteins (GP) II b HPA-3 gene polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Correlation between recurrence of cerebral infarction and AR, bb genotypes, CM constitutions times AS were analyzed by Logistic regression.

RESULTSTotally 11 patients dropped out, 101 (25.12%)with recurrent cerebral infarction and 301 (74.88%) without recurrent cerebral infarction. There were 152 (37.81%) AR patients and 250 (62.19%) AS patients. AR accounted for 26.6% (80/ 301) and AS accounted for 73.4% (221/301) in non-recurrent cerebral infarction patients. AR accounted for 71.3% (72/101) and AS accounted for 28.7% (29/101) in recurrent cerebral infarction patients. There was statistical difference in AR and AS ratios (χ2 = 64.287, P = 0.000). The proportion of yin deficiency constitution (YDC) was the largest [28.3% (43/152)] in AR patients. The proportion of blood stasis constitution (BSC) was the largest [23.6% (59/250)] in AS patients. There was statistical difference in CM constitutions between AR patients and AS patients (χ2 = 21.574, P < 0.01). The former 4 recurrent rates occurred in AR patients of YDC, BSC, damp-phlegm constitution (DPC), qi deficiency constitution (QDC). YDC occupied the first place [22.4% (34/152)]. The former 4 recurrent rates occurred in AS patients of BSC, QDC, DPC, damp-heat constitution (DHC). BSC occupied the first place [3.2% (2/250)]. Compared with non-recurrent cerebral infarction patients and AS patients, bb gene occurred most often, but aa gene and ab gene occurred obviously lesser in non-recurrent cerebral infarction patients and AR patients (χ2 = 20.171, χ2 = 55.139, P < 0.01). AR and bb gene were positively correlated with recurrent cerebral infarction (OR = 18.423, P = 0.000; OR = 1.304, P = 0.028). Body constitutions interacted with AS (OR = 0.707, P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONSRecurrent cerebral infarction was closely related to AR and constitutional types. The recurrence rate was higher in AR patients of YDC. GP I b HPA-3 bb genotype might be a risk factor for AR and recurrent cerebral infarction.

Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Body Constitution ; Cerebral Infarction ; Drug Resistance ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasms ; Recurrence ; Yin Deficiency

Based on the structure and function of acupoint and in association of the definition and principle of sensor, the acupoint is the sensitive element, being sensitive to the physical stimulation with acupuncture and moxibustion and sensitively responded to the disorders; the acupoint is the sensing element, transforming the changes of the acupoint information via the complicated internet conduction, integration and regulation, so as to generate the effects on organic body; the acupoint is the conversion element, transforming every irritation into the bioelectric signal or optical signal so that the organic body could recognize it. Therefore, the acupoint is regarded as the sensor of information in the organic body.
Acupuncture Points ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Meridians

Traditional theories suggest that tumor growth occurs when all tumor cells work together and result in proliferation,so treatment has been mainly directed against the majority of the cells in tumor tissue.which often relapse,metastasize,and Iead to treatment failure.As cancer stem cells have been successfully isolated from different tumor tissues,in-depth study of their function in relation to traditionaI cancer treatment faces enormous challenges.At the same time.a new theoretical basis has been provided for the in-depth study of tumorigenesis and the evaluation of prognosis of cancer therapy.Also,new ideas have been introduced for cancer therapy.Therefore,radical treatment of cancer can be achieved through killing cancer stem cells.This article reviews the research progress on cancer stem cells and their drug resistance.

Background:Over the years,the mechanical ventilation (MV) strategy has changed worldwide.The aim of the present study was to describe the ventilation practices,particularly lung-protective ventilation (LPV),among brain-injured patients in China.Methods:This study was a multicenter,1-day,cross-sectional study in 47 Intensive Care Units (ICUs) across China.Mechanically ventilated patients (18 years and older) with brain injury in a participating ICU during the time of the study,including traumatic brain injury,stroke,postoperation with intracranial tumor,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,intracranial infection,and idiopathic epilepsy,were enrolled.Demographic data,primary diagnoses,indications for MV,MV modes and settings,and prognoses on the 60th day were collected.Multivariable logistic analysis was used to assess factors that might affect the use of LPV.Results:A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the present study,87 (83.7％) of whom were identified with severe brain injury based on a Glasgow Coma Scale ＜8 points.Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) was the most frequent ventilator mode,accounting for 46.2％ of the entire cohort.The median tidal volume was set to 8.0 ml/kg (interquartile range [IQR],7.0-8.9 ml/kg) of the predicted body weight;50 (48.1％) patients received LPV.The median positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was set to 5 cmH2O (IQR,5-6 cmH2O).No PEEP values were higher than 10 cmH2O.Compared with partially mandatory ventilation,supportive and spontaneous ventilation practices were associated with LPV.There were no significant differences in mortality and MV duration between patients subjected to LPV and those were not.Conclusions:Among brain-injured patients in China,SIMV was the most frequent ventilation mode.Nearly one-half of the brain-injured patients received LPV.Patients under supportive and spontaneous ventilation were more likely to receive LPV.