Corydalis yanhusuo and its active ingredients dl-THP have clear efficacy of analgesia, as well as the effect on vasodilatation, cardiac muscle protection, antibiosis, and anti-inflammation, thus they are used for the treatment of various disease. In recent years, C. yanhusuo is widely used for the treatment of drug addiction. In this paper, the research progress in the chemical constituents and pharmacologic actions of C. yanhusuo are reviewed, which provide the scientific basis for its modernization research and comprehensive utilization.

Objective To investigate the copy number changes on chromosome 3q26. 1 in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and to explore its potential clinical significance. Methods The microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (Array-CGH) approach was used to analyze the genome-wide copy number changes of 35 tumor tissue samples of bladder cancer. To confirm the loss of a small fragment in 3q26. 1 detected by Array-CGH, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) was performed with 57 frozen tumor tissue samples and 34 formalinfixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue samples. The urine sediment cells collected from 15 healthy volunteers and 29 bladder cancer patients were checked as above. Results The Array-CGH data showed that the copy number loss of a small fragment in 3q26. 1 was detected in 77.1% (27/35)of the tumor tissue samples investigated. Real-time PCR analysis validated this loss of a small fragment of 3q26.1 with high frequencies in both 57 frozen tumor samples and 34 FFPE tumor samples.The percentage of samples exhibiting loss was 78.9% (45/57) and 100. 0% (34/34) respectively.Furthermore, the relative copy number of the 3q26.1 small fragment was significantly lower in the urinary sediment cells of the patients (median=0. 0020), comparing with that of healthy controls (median=0. 0030) (P＜0.01). Conclusions Loss of the small fragment in 3q26.1 could be a characteristic genetic change of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. It may serve as a potential molecular marker for bladder cancer.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia with hyperlipaemia, high blood sugar and hypertension among elderly people.

METHODSSerum uric acid (SUA), cholesterol, triglycerides, blood sugar and blood pressure were detected in 1320 elderly people and 6107 people at young and middle age.

RESULTSThe mean SUAs in elderly male and female groups were significantly higher than that in young and middle aged male groups respectively (P < 0.05). The prevalence rates of hyperuricemia in elderly male and female groups were significantly higher than in young and middle aged male groups respectively (P < 0.05). The prevalence rates of hyperlipaemia, high blood sugar and hypertension in the elderly people of hyperuricemia were significantly higher than that in the elderly people of normal serum uric acid (P < 0.05). The prevalence rates of hyperuricemia in the elderly people were complicated by hyperlipaemia, high blood sugar and hypertension which was significantly higher than that in young and middle aged people of hyperuricemia (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHyperuricemia is a common disease in elderly people and more attention should be paid to the closer relations among hyperuricemia with hyperlipaemia, high blood sugar and hypertension among the elderly.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Blood Pressure ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; epidemiology ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Hyperuricemia ; epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Triglycerides ; blood

Objective To explore the characteristics of human plague using a sero-epidemiologic method in the source of the three rivers area in Qinghai for possible plague control strategies. Methods Investigate human plague sero-epidemiologically in the source of 4 counties in the three rivers area in Qinghai. The human serum would be tested to confirm the sew-positive rate for plague F1 antibody using indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA). Results A total of 2508 local participants were tested in 4 counties, the overall plague sero-positive rate was 2.31%(58/2508). This represents a statistically significant difference with 4 counties(X2=19.30,P<0.01). The sew-positive rate for males and females were 2.54% (32/1261) and 2.09% (26/1247), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between males and females(X2= 0.65,P 0.05). The sero-positive rate in herdsman, cadre, Tibetan, Hart nationalities were 3.54% (44/1243), 6.47% (11 / 170), 2.40% (56/2335) and 1.47% (2/136), respectively. The sero- positive rate increased with age. The highest titre for human plague serum antibody was 1 : 640. Conclusion There were occult infections of plague in the population on source of three rivers area in Qinghai. Sero-epidemiologic data revealed that the human plague sero-positive rate was closely correlated with the local animal plague.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of microsurgical anatomy and growth of pituitary tumors with the recovery of visual pathway, and describe the intraoperative protection of the pituitary stalk and visual pathway.

METHODSA total of 113 patients undergoing pituitary tumor surgery were retrospectively analyzed, including 102 with visual disorder and 106 with pituitary dysfunction with the tumor size ranging from 1.9 to 6.8 cm. All the operations were performed via a transpterygoid approach or transfrontal approach.

RESULTSRadical resection of the tumors was performed in 86 cases, subtotal resection in 21 cases, and partial resection in 5 cases. After operation, 133 eyes showed vision improvement (77.8%), 29 showed no vision changes (17%) and 9 had deteriorated vision. Two patients died due to hypothalamic disorder and multiple organ failure.

CONCLUSIONThe arachnoid barrier between the pituitary tumor and visual pathway is an important structure for visual pathway protection during operation. Total separation of the tumor from the visual pathway allows total removal of the tumor. The preoperative localization and intraoperative identification of the pituitary stalk are critical for pituitary stalk protection.

Adenoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Male ; Microsurgery ; adverse effects ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Pituitary Gland ; pathology ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Visual Pathways ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore an ideal method for repairing the skin-soft tissue defects according to the different anatomical units of cheek, and find reasonable design principles to transfer the expanded flaps.

METHODSAccording to the location of the defect, we placed 1-3 appropriate expanders nearby, when the flap expanded enough we adopted advanced skin flaps, rotation-advanced skin flaps or transposition skin flaps to repair the defect. In this group of 269 cases, the defects were secondary to hemangioma, various scars, nevus or nevus excision.

RESULTSIn all 269 cheek defects, 305 expanded flaps were developed which included 145 rotation-advanced flaps, 121 advanced skin flaps and 39 transposition skin flaps. 52 of them generated complications, including blood circulation disorder of the distal part of flaps, hematoma, infection, injection, lower eyelid ectropion, expander extrusion and capsule contracture. Mostly, these complications didn't affect the final results.

CONCLUSIONSThe principles presented in this article are the guidelines to treat the skin-soft tissue defect of check with tissue expansion. The satisfied results come from the reasonable flap designs.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cheek ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Expansion ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the benefit and safety of continuous femoral nerve block in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

METHODSFrom December 2008 to August 2009, 80 patients with total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into two groups, 40 patients in each group. In group A the pain-control was dominanted by continuous femoral nerve block, there were 5 males adn 35 females with an average age of (65.0 +/- 4.2) years old; In group B the pump of vein odynolysis was used, there were 5 males and 35 females with an average age of (64.7 +/- 8.5) years old. The treatment of relieve pain continued for 3 days. The pain of visual analog scale (VAS), sleep condition, early-stage rehabilitation and adverse effects were recorded.

RESULTSThe VAS scores of group A was lower than that of group B at 2, 6, 24, 36, 48, 56, 72 h after operation (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01); The sleep condition and early-stage rehabilitation of group A were better than that of group B. The complications of group B occurrenced more than group A; The analgetica of group B were used more than that of group A.

CONCLUSIONThe continuous femoral nerve block is an effective pain relieve method and is benefical to rehabilitation from total knee arthroplasty early.

Aged ; Analgesia ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; rehabilitation ; Female ; Femoral Nerve ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Block ; methods ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects and mechanism of postoperative insulin resistance in gastrectomy patients with preoperative oral carbohydrate.

METHODSFrom April to October 2011, 60 consecutive gastric cancer patients met inclusion criteria were divided into oral carbohydrate group and placebo group by randomized double-blind principles. Resting energy expenditure (REE), fasting blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride level were detected in 4 hours preoperatively. The 500 ml carbohydrate or placebo were administrated orally 2-3 hours before anaesthesia. Two group patients underwent radical distal subtotal gastrectomy under epidural compounded intravenous anesthesia. After laparotomy and before the abdomen was closed, a piece of rectus abdominis was taken and fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde. REE, fasting blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride level were detected immediately after surgery. The changes of insulin resistance index, blood triglycerides level, REE and respiratory quotient were compared pre- and post-operatively. The changes of rectus abdominis mitochondrial ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscopy respectively.

RESULTSThere were 48 patients (34 males and 14 females) completed the trial. The 24 and 24 patients in oral placebo and carbohydrate groups respectively. In oral placebo group, post-operative insulin resistance index, REE, respiratory quotient, serum triglyceride level and the rectus abdominis mitochondrial damage index were 12.68 ± 3.13, (1458 ± 169) kcal/d, 0.73 ± 0.42, (0.53 ± 0.24) g/L and 1.14 ± 0.33, respectively. And the above items were 5.67 ± 1.40, (1341 ± 110) kcal/d, 0.79 ± 0.22, (1.04 ± 0.97) g/L and 0.92 ± 0.19 in oral carbohydrate groups respectively. All difference was statistically significant (t = 6.646, 2.851, 6.546, 2.542 and 2.730, all P < 0.05). Oral placebo group showed a markedly swollen mitochondria, steep membrane was not clear, mitochondria appeared vacuolated changes.

CONCLUSIONSPreoperative oral carbohydrate could reduce the insulin resistance and REE, improve the material metabolism status in radical gastrectomy patients. The possible mechanisms should be related to promotion of insulin release and protection of mitochondrial function.

Administration, Oral ; Aged ; Basal Metabolism ; Carbohydrates ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitochondria ; ultrastructure ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery