Objective To investigate the iodine content of food in six provinces of China,to add the results of this survey to the food iodine content database,and to provide a scientific basis for iodine supplementation in different parts of China.Methods A total of 8 categories and 39 species common food produced locally in the six provinces of Fujian,Chongqing,Shandong,Anhui,Gansu and Jilin were collected.Samples of cereals,beans and other dry samples were crushed into powder; samples of fresh fruits and vegetables were washed and dried to constant weight,and crushed into powder; poultry,meat and fish samples were washed and then their edible parts were crushed into meat paste,bake dried to constant weight,and crushed into powder.Iodine content in the above-mentioned food was determined by catalytic spectrophotometry,and the wavelength was 405 nm.Data processing and statistical analysis were carried out by using SPSS 13.0 statistical software.The results of total iodine content of the various types of food were expressed as median(P50) and interquartile range(P25 and P75).Results The iodine content of the cereal in Fujian,Chongqing,Shandong,Anhui,Gansu and Jilin were 11.9,12.0,48.0,95.1,13.0and 3.1 μg/kg,respectively; of the potato were 53.9,26.3,74.9,43.7,76.8 and 38.5 μg/kg,respectively; of the meat and the eggs were 56.0,30.4,78.6,124.6,47.7 and 34.8 μg/kg,respectively; of the aquatic products were 319.3,144.7,186.6,241.3,155.4 and 213.3 μg/kg,respectively; of the vegetables were 166.6,145.1,131.7,218.0,205.4 and 98.1 μg/kg,respectively; of the fruits were 105.5,17.8,80.9,1.7,76.7 and 10.3 μg/kg,respectively; of the kelp and laver were 36.0 × 103,1292.0 × 103,2810.0 × 103,48.0 × 103,75.0 × 103 and 120.0 × 103 μg/kg,respectively; of the Chinese pickled vegetables were 640.4,4163.5,3073.7,2635.3,1540.9 and 492.0 μg/kg,respectively.ConclusionsThe iodine content of different types of food,and same kind of food from different provinces are different.The results are a complement to the 2004 Chinese food composition database.

Objective To analyze nucleic acid sequence homology of the 6 kb(pYC) plasmid of Yersina. pestis (Y. pestis) isolated from Yurman by searching GenBank. Method The search of sequence similarity was accomplished with BLAST. Results The pYC plasmid sequence had high homology with some genes in nueleotide sequence, such as: 97.1% homology with Shigella sonnei pKYM, 92.1% homology with Haemophilus influenzae(H. influenzae) gene, Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) gene LT2 and plMVSI with 88.2% and 87.2% of homology respectively, Escherichia coli(E, coli) O157:H7 and K-12, ECOR31 with 81.4%, 81.4% and 84.7% of homology respectively. This plasmid ORFs could code for some proteins which were similar with others in GenBank, such as: ORFi and H. paragallinarum replication protein B(47.2%), ORF4 and E. coli hypothetical protein(52.7%), ORF5 and Y. pseudotuberculosis Tile (48.3%), ORF6 and E. coil Pilx5/VirB5-1ike protein (42.3%), Y. enterocolitica TriD protein(38.5%), ORFIO and S. typhimurium LT2, E. coli O157:H7 hypothetical protein(83.1% and 81.9%, respectively), ORF11 and E. coli, damage-inducible protein J(81.4%). Conclusions The pYC plasmid sequence has high homology with a few bacterial genes of Enterobacteriaceac. This plasmid may code for some proteins that are similar with hypothetical protein, damnge-indncible protein, TriD and TilE protein, Pilx5/VirB5-hke protein of Escherichia or Yersinia.

Objective To design a new method to verify the position of multileaf collimator(MLC)leaf using a two-dimensional ion chamber array(2D-array).Methods 2D-array of PTW T10018 Seven29~(TM) was used to calibrate the accuracy of MLC leaf position of Elekta Precise accelerator.The edge function of the leaf position of MLC was measured and used as the reference value.The precision of MLC leaf was then evaluated through comparing the measured and reference values.Results The accuracy of MLC leaf position was found within?0.1 mm.Conclusion This method of verifying the accuracy of multileaf collimator leaf position is easy,simple and reliable

OBJECTIVETo review the efficacy of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) repair and to conclude the factors impacting the peri-operative death rate.

METHODSThe clinical data of 145 infants under 1 year old who underwent the TAPVC repair from January 2001 to July 2008 was analyzed. There were 94 male and 51 female patients. The mean age when the repair was performed was (7 ± 3) months, and the average weight was (6.3 ± 1.6) kg. As to the pulmonary connection type, 77 patients were supracardiac (53.1%), 47 patients were cardiac (32.4%), 9 patients were intracardiac (6.2%), and the remaining 12 patients were mixed (8.3%). Pre-surgery echocardiography showed that 21 patients had pulmonary venous obstruction (12 patients were supracardiac type, 3 patients were cardiac type, 3 patients were intracardiac type, and 3 patients were mixed type).

RESULTSAll patients underwent two-ventricle anatomy correction (the cases of complex malformations had been excluded). Peri-operative mortality was 11.7% (17/145). Because of the significant improvement in the surgical techniques, anesthesiology, cardiopulmonary bypass and the management of ICU in January 2006, the population was divided into two groups: A (before January 2006) and B (after January 2006). Peri-operative mortality decreased from 19.0% in group A to 6.2% in group B(P = 0.020). After analysis, it was determined that the factors impacting mortality were which group the patient belongs to, whether he/she had preoperative pulmonary vein obstruction and how big the atril septel connection was. The operative technique to keep the anastomotic aperture adequate and prophylaxis pulmonary hypertensive episodes contributed to the improvement on the mortality rate. There had been no case of repeating the surgery because of pulmonary venous obstruction during peri-operative care period.

CONCLUSIONSImprovements of the surgical technique as well as the treatment in preoperative and postoperative have led to the reduction of the mortality. Preoperative pulmonary vein obstruction is still an important factor that contributes to early mortality.

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pulmonary Veins ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Diseases ; congenital ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo analyze the in-hospital mortality and factors affecting in-hospital mortality for patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) undergoing arterial switch operation (ASO).

METHODSBetween January 2004 and December 2007, ASO was performed in 169 patients [129 male, 40 female; mean age (11.71 ± 26.3) months] with TGA. The patients were divided in intact ventricular septum group (n = 56): TGA with intact ventricular septum and ventricular septal defect group (n = 113): TGA with ventricular septal defect. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of in-hospital mortality.

RESULTSThe overall in-hospital mortality was 11.24% (19/169). The yearly in-hospital mortality was similar between intact ventricular septum group and ventricular septal defect group. With the improvement of perioperative treatment, the in-hospital mortality decreased from 16.67% in 2004 to 3.92% in 2007. The multivariate analysis revealed that body weight ≤ 3 kg (OR: 4.571, P = 0.0409), complicating ventricular septal defect (OR: 4.444, P = 0.0406), complex TGA (OR: 4.321, P = 0.0140), coronary anomalies (OR: 4.867, P = 0.0104) and non-type A coronary arteries (OR: 3.045, P = 0.0243) were independent predictors for poor early postoperative survival.

CONCLUSIONBody weight ≤ 3 kg, complicating ventricular septal defect, complex TGA, coronary anomalies are independent predictors for increased in-hospital mortality in patients with transposition of TGA and undergoing arterial switch operation.

Arteries ; surgery ; Body Weight ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; mortality ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; complications ; mortality ; surgery ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Transposition of Great Vessels ; mortality ; surgery

OBJECTIVEA hybrid operation is a joint procedure involving the interventional cardiologist and the cardiac surgeon concomitantly to optimize surgical management for complex congenital heart disease. We analyzed the feasibility and efficacy of this procedure in 20 patients with congenital heart disease.

METHODSData from 20 patients who underwent intraoperative hybrid procedures from March to October 2005 were analyzed. Two groups were identified: (1) Balloon valvuloplasty group: pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in neonate (n = 3) and severe pulmonary stenosis in infants (n = 4); (2) Device closure group: atrial septum defects (ASD) in child (n = 7), adult ASD (n = 3) and multiple ventricular septum defect (VSD, n = 3). Pulmonary balloon dilation under the guidance of echocardiography together with modified Blalock-Taussig shunt procedure and PDA ligation were applied to patients in balloon valvuloplasty group. For ASD patients, the occluder was placed via right atria after opening the chest either with median sternotomy (4 case) or with submaxillary minimally invasive incision (6 cases), PDA ligation was performed in 1 patient and 2 coronary artery bypass surgeries were performed in 2 adult ASD patients complicating CHD. For multiple VSD, perimembranous VSD was closed surgically and muscular VSD closed by occluder via tricuspid valve approach under cardiopulmonary bypass.

RESULTSAll operations were successful and 1 infant received another conventional valvuloplasty due to the pulmonary restenosis after initial balloon valvuloplasty and 1 patient's muscular VSD was closed by conventional procedure after unsuccessful device closure. No device-related complications were found during follow-up (1-6 months).

CONCLUSIONOur results showed that intraoperative hybrid procedure was feasible and effective in selected patients with congenital heart disease.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo detect the "high pathogenicity island" of Yersinia enterocolitica WA in E. coli and the to provide evidence for theory base of bacterial evolution process and the different structures in different E. coil.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR), nucleic acid hybridization in situ were used to detect and identify HPI. DNA sequencing was used to compare the gene homology of HPI among E. coli with Yersinia enterocolitica (Yen).

RESULTSThe irp2 and fyua genes of Yen HPI were investigated in E. coli strains. Among them, 30 strains were isolated from 93 Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) strains and 3 strains were positive in 10 strains Enteropathogenic (EPEC). HPI was also detected in Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC) strain. In most of these isolates, HPI was bordered by an asntRNA locus, as in Yersinia sp. Through sequential comparison, the gene sequence homology was higher between in EPEC and EAggEC than ETEC and Yersinia enterocolica.

CONCLUSIONSETEC, EPEC and EAggEC were pathogenicity bacterias and many of them harboring HPI of Yen and the HPI had the same position in E. coli chromosome as Yersinia enterocolitica but the diversity of structure and sequence in these E. coli might suggest that the HPI of these different serotype E. coli were from different ancient bacterias. At the same time, the high positivity rate of HPI in E. coli might be crucial to virulence change, virulence evolution and virulence regulation in E. coli.

Bacterial Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Enterotoxins ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Escherichia coli Infections ; microbiology ; Genes, Bacterial ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics ; Virulence ; genetics ; Yersinia enterocolitica ; genetics ; pathogenicity

Authors raised that staging based strategies and practice of integrative medicine (IM) by combining syndrome typing and disease identification, and choosing suitable measures in accordance with different persons and seasonal conditions after more than ten years' clinical practice and researches. Radical operation as prior (as evil eliminating) and strengthening vital qi in perioerative period are best strategy for promoting rapid rehabilitation of early stage prostate cancer patients. Strengthening body resistance to eliminate evil was used in treating advanced prostate cancer patients. For example, a comprehensive treatment program for hormone-dependent patients was combined with endocrinotherapy and Chinese herbs for synergisic efficacy-enhancing actions. In this way, these patients' quality of life (QOL) were improved and time to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) was delayed, even some patients were clinically cured. There are lack of effective medicines and methods for CRPC patients. Greatly tonifying original qi is mainly used for improving their clinical symptoms and prolonging survivals. Practice has proved staging based strategies and practice of IM has favorable advantages in treating prostate cancer, especially showing prospect in prolonging survival and postponing progression of advanced prostate cancer patients. Besides, it also could provide beneficial considerations and inspiration for combination of syndrome typing and disease identification.
Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant ; diagnosis ; Quality of Life

In order to find the optimal topographical factor for regionslization, the content of cimetidine in 116 Sinopodophyllum hexandrum sample collected from Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu, Tibet, Yunnan and Shaanxi provinces, was determined. Using mathematical statistics and geographical spatial analysis of GIS analysis, the relationship between content of podophyllotoxin and influencing factors including altitude gradient and gradient position was analyzed. It is found that the optimal altitude was 2 800 m to 3 600 m, the aspect of slope north or northeast and northwest and the slope 12 degrees to 65 degrees with a high suitability degree. Considering the artificial planting, the suitable planting area for S. hexandrum is comfirmed. The topographical factor is important for S. hexandrum regionalization, but has hardly effect on podophyllotoxin content. The results of the study provide an important scientific basis for S. hexandrum production development. But there are many factors which affect suitability index and podophyllotoxin content of S. hexandrum, it is necessary to consider other factors like climate and soil while exploitation and protection of S. hexandrum.
Altitude ; Berberidaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; China ; Ecosystem ; Podophyllotoxin ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new flap for the repair of soft tissue defects in the hand.

METHODSThe distally pedicled ulnar flap is based on the ascending branch of the upper-wrist cutaneous branch of the ulnar artery. The retrograde flow is ensured by the dorsal carpal arch via the descending branch.

RESULTSFrom 2000 to 2003, the flap was used to treat 8 cases of hand defects, including 3 dorsal defects, 2 palmar defects and 3 the first web defects. All flaps survived and the appearance was satisfactory.

CONCLUSIONSThe reverse forearm flap pedicled with the ulnar branch of the ulnar artery provides a long vascular pedicle. The donor site scar is aesthetically acceptable.

Adult ; Female ; Forearm ; surgery ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; Ulnar Artery ; surgery ; Wrist