OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of ideal health behaviors and health factors on the detection rate of the carotid plaques.

METHODSSubjects with previous stroke, TIA, myocardial infarction were excluded from the study. A total of 5852 employees (active and retired employers from Tangshan Kailuan company) aged 40 years and over were included through stratified random sampling. Information was obtained from the unified questionnaire, measurements of blood biochemistry and carotid artery ultrasonography.

RESULTS(1) The carotid artery plaque detection rates were 67.0%, 52.3%, 50.5%, 44.3%, 37.2%, 31.9%, 26.1% and 4.2% in the groups with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 components of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors, respectively. (2) The carotid artery plaques total burden score [TBS: M (Q1, Q3)] were 7(7,7), 7(5,7), 7(5,7), 5(3,5), 5(3,5), 5(3,5), 3(3,3), 3(3,3) in the groups with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 components of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors, respectively. (3) Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that 3, 4, 5 and greater than 5 components of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors were protective factors against carotid plaques compared to less than 2 components of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors (all P < 0.05), the OR (95%CI) values were 0.78 (0.62 - 0.98), 0.53(0.62 - 0.98), 0.52 (0.39 - 0.71) and 0.40 (0.25 - 0.64), respectively.

CONCLUSIONIncreasing ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors are negatively linked with the detection rate and TBS of the carotid plaques.

Adult ; Aged ; Carotid Stenosis ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo observe the impact of systolic blood pressure (SBP) on visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) in middle-aged and elderly people.

METHODSVisit-to-visit BPV was determined in 5440 workers in the Kailuan study cohort from 2006 to 2007. The subjects were ≥ 40 years-old and had no history of stroke, transient ischemic attack or myocardial infarction. Participants were divided into five groups according to different levels of SBP. Linear regression was used to analyze the related factors which might affect BPV.

RESULTSMean systolic BPV of all subjects was 10.35 mm Hg [coefficient of variation (CV 7.96%)]. The mean systolic BPV of males was 10.54 mm Hg (CV 7.90%) while the mean SBPV of females was 10.06 mm Hg (CV 7.90%). The BPV of males was significant higher than that of females (P < 0.001). CV of SBP was similar between males and females. Furthermore, higher SBP was associated with higher BPV. There were significant differences in BPV between different groups with different levels of SBP (P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that SBP, age, gender, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were affecting factors of BPV. Twenty mm Hg SBP increase was linked with 2.02 mm Hg BPV increase and 0.388%CV increase. Age increase of 1 year was associated with 0.044 mm Hg BPV increase and 0.029% CV increase.

CONCLUSIONSBP, age, gender and hsCRP are important factors affecting BPV in middle-aged and elderly people. Higher SBP is closely related to greater BPV in this cohort.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Regression Analysis ; Systole

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the value of reoperation for local recurrence of rectal carcinoma.

METHODSThe data of 62 cases with post-operative local recurrence of rectal carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSAll the 62 patients received reoperation. Thirty two of those patients were treated with radical resection (16 patients combined multiple organ resection), 6 palliative resection, 11 colostomy, and 13 laparatomy only. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates in the patients accepted radical resection were 90.6%, 59.4% and 18.8% respectively. But in patients undergone palliative resection and combined therapy, survival time was 6-24 months with median survival time of 16 months. The patients, accepted laparatomy and intra-abdominal chemotherapy, all died within 2-14 months postoperatively. For patients with postoperative recurrence time >5 years, <2 years and 2-5 years, the reoperation resection rates were 100%(11/11), 62.9%(22/35), and 31.3%(5/16) respectively, and there were significant differences among 3 groups (P<0.01). The rate of reoperation resection of pure local recurrence was 80.0%(32/40). The rate of reoperation resection of local recurrence, associated with near organ invasion, was 27.3%(6/22). The difference was significant(P<0.01). The reoperation resection rate of first operation with Dixon or Miles was 61.9%(26/42) and 30.0%(6/20), and the difference was significant as well(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe recurrence of rectal carcinoma still needs positive operation in order to prolong the survival time and improve the quality of life of the patient. First operative procedure, post-operative recurrence time and recurrence type are important factors of reoperative resection.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of daily low-dose tadalafil on erectile dysfunction (ED) induced by pelvic fracture urethral disruption (PFUD).

METHODSThis study included 46 cases of PFUD-induced ED treated from Jan 2008 to Dec 2011. The patients were aged 33.9 +/- 7.2 years (range 25 -51 yr), and the interval between injury and treatment was 19.6 +/- 12.7 months (range 3 - 72 mo), all with normal erectile function before PFUD. Based on the nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity (NPTR) recorded by erectometry without medication of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE-5I), the patients were divided into an abnormal nocturnal erection group and a non-nocturnal erection group, and treated with tadalafil 10 mg once daily for 3 months. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by IIEF-5 scores and the rate of yes responses to questions 2 and 3 of the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP).

RESULTSTotally 38 (82.6%) of the patients accomplished the treatment and follow-up, 26 (68.4%) in the abnormal nocturnal erection group and 12 (31.6%) in the non-nocturnal erection group. After 3 months of daily tadalafil treatment at 10 mg, the IIEF-5 scores were significantly improved in the abnormal nocturnal erection group than in the non-nocturnal erection group (P < 0.05), and the rate of yes responses to SEP2 and SEP3 was remarkably higher in the former than in the latter (76.9% vs 41.7% and 65.4% vs 25.0%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDaily low-dose tadalafil can effectively improve the erectile function of PFUD-induced ED patients, particularly in those with nocturnal erection.

Adult ; Carbolines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Erectile Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvis ; injuries ; Penile Erection ; Tadalafil ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; injuries

Objective: To compare and correlate the findings of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and arterial spin labeling (ASL) imaging in characterizing parotid gland tumors. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 56 patients with parotid gland tumors evaluated by MR imaging. The true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), and fraction of perfusion (f) values of IVIM imaging and tumor-to-parotid gland signal intensity ratio (SIR) on ASL imaging were calculated. Spearman rank correlation coefficient, chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests with the post-hoc Dunn-Bonferroni method and receiver operating characteristic curve assessments were used for statistical analysis. Results: Malignant parotid gland tumors showed significantly lower D than benign tumors (p = 0.019). Within subgroup analyses, pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) showed significantly higher D than malignant tumors (MTs) and Warthin’s tumors (WTs) (p < 0.001). The D* of WTs was significantly higher than that of PAs (p = 0.031). The f and SIR on ASL imaging of WTs were significantly higher than those of MTs and PAs (p < 0.05). Significantly positive correlation was found between SIR on ASL imaging and f (r = 0.446, p = 0.001). In comparison with f, SIR on ASL imaging showed a higher area under curve (0.853 vs. 0.891) in discriminating MTs from WTs, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.720). Conclusion IVIM and ASL imaging could help differentiate parotid gland tumors. SIR on ASL imaging showed a significantly positive correlation with f. ASL imaging might hold potential to improve the ability to discriminate MTs from WTs.

BACKGROUND:The outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may depend on a variety of factors related to patient status or resuscitation management. To evaluate the factors influencing the outcome of CPR after cardiac arrest (CA) will be conducive to improve the effectiveness of resuscitation. Therefore, a study was designed to assess these factors in the emergency department (ED) of a city hospital.METHODS:A CPR registry conforming to the Utstein-style template was conducted in the ED of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from January 2005 to December 2011. The outcomes of CPR were compared in various factors groups. The primary outcomes were rated to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), 24-hour survival, survival to discharge and discharge with favorable neurological outcomes. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to evaluate factors associated with survival.RESULTS:A total of 725 patients were analyzed in the study. Of these patients, 187 (25.8％) had ROSC, 100 (13.8％) survived for 24 hours, 48 (6.6％) survived to discharge, and 23 (3.2％) survived to discharge with favorable neurologic outcomes. A logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the independent predictors of ROSC included traumatic etiology, first monitored rhythms, CPR duration, and total adrenaline dose. The independent predictors of 24-hour survival included traumatic etiology, cardiac etiology, first monitored rhythm and CPR duration. Previous status, cardiac etiology, first monitored rhythms and CPR duration were included in independent predictors of survival to discharge and neurologically favorable survival to discharge.CONCLUSIONS:Shockable rhythms, CPR duration ≤15 minutes and total adrenaline dose ≤5 mg were favorable predictors of ROSC, whereas traumatic etiology was unfavorable. Cardiac etiology, shockable rhythms and CPR duration ≤15 minutes were favorable predictors of 24-hour survival, whereas traumatic etiology was unfavorable. Cardiac etiology, shockable rhythms, CPR duration ≤15 minutes were favorable predictors of survival to discharge and neurologically favorable survival to discharge, but previous terminal illness or multiple organ failure (MOF) was unfavorable.

Disuse atrophy of skeletal muscle is a common clinical problem and its exact mechanisms have not been fully understood. Previous studies suggested that disuse muscle atrophy is realized through the activation of one or more cell signaling pathways, but studies have shown that disuse atrophy is the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome caused extensive decomposition of the protein. The present researches for disuse atrophy mainly focus on regulatory role in the upstream signaling molecules MuRF1 and Atroginl/MAFbx by NF-kappaB, IGF-1/PI3K/Akt, TGF-beta/Smad and MAPK signal pathway and a plurality of signal pathway activation or inhibition and interaction,and then through the ubiquitin--proteasome to influence the metabolism of protein. But regulation of expression of MuRF1 and Atroginl/MAFbxs still to be studied. Participate in disuse atrophy also needs to be further studied with atrophy confirmation and functional gene verification. The paper summarized recent original articles about the researches of skeletal muscle disuse atrophy and reviewed the various signal pathways and related u-biquitin-proteasome protein metabolism of disuse muscle atrophy.
Animals ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; metabolism ; Muscular Disorders, Atrophic ; metabolism ; Proteins ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for detecting tin in human blood by microwave digestion-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. METHODS: The microwave digestion instrument was used to digest 1. 00 mL blood sample with 4. 00 mL concentrated nitric acid( mass fraction 65. 00%) and 1. 00 mL perchloric acid( mass fraction 68. 00%). After 1. 00 mL of thiocarbamide-ascorbic acid( mass fraction 10. 00%) was added,hydrochloric acid( concentration 1. 5 mol / L) was added to a total constant volume of 10. 00 mL. Then 5. 00 mL of the sample was collected and detected by atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry. RESULTS: The good linear relationship was shown in the range of 0. 00-60. 00 μg / L,and the correlation coefficient was 0. 999 5. The limit of detection was 0. 01 μg / L. The average recovery rate was 98. 80%-103. 30%. The relative standard deviation( RSD) of within-run precision was 3. 74%-5. 26%,and the RSD of betweenrun precision was 1. 23%-4. 45%. The samples can be stored for at least 7 days under the temperature of 4 ℃.CONCLUSION: This method has the advantages of low detection limit,good precision and high sensitivity,which is suitable for the determination of tin in human blood.