Moxa of good quality has been said to have little impurities, many fine fibers and rise temperature slowly. The evaluations of these differences were experimental and variable. As the scientific methods for differences were needed from these fact, we tried to examined those with thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography. Those chromatographic patterns were found to have a little differences.

The moxas made in Japan (moxa for onkyu or tenkyu) were assayed by the test for crude drugs in the 11th Pharmacopoea of Japan. The many or little foreign matters were found in moxa for onkyu. But moxa for tenkyu did not have them. The weight loss on drying, ash content, dilute ethanol extract content of moxa for onkyu were found to be more than those of moxa for tenkyu. The acid-soluble ash of moxa for onkyu was similar to that of moxa for tenkyu. The essential oil content of moxa for tenkyu was found to be more than that of moxa for onkyu.

The effects of acupuncture on vascular permeability in mice were investigated. The edema of a footpad induced by the administration of serotonin was remarkably reduced by acupuncturing the point at Kyoku-sen (Chu-chuan) mimicked the point of human either on serotonin-administered or non-administered leg for a period of 60, 45, 30, 20, 10, 5 minutes before its administration. Reduction of the edema was most remarkable when the acupuncture was performed on the administered leg for a period of 5 minutes before administration of serotonin.
The degree of reduction of edema of a footpad by acupuncturing was enhanced by dexamethasone. Actinomycin D, a potent inhibitor RNA synthesis and known to inhibit the anti-inflammatory action of dexamethasone, demonstrated no inhibitory action on acupuncturing which suggested that the acupuncture is effective by the mechanism other than that of dexamethasone which inhibits the increase vascular permeability by serotonin.

It was suggested that the effects of applying acupuncture at Kyoku-sen (Chuchuan) mimicked point of human to reduce footpad edema on the serotonin-dosed leg, which has been induced by dosing of serotonin, were due to the activation of superoxide dismutase in subcutaneous tissues of the point at Kyoku-sen mimicked point of human and footpad edema area on the serotonin-dosed leg. These data indicate that the antiinflammatory effect of acupuncture has a superoxide dismutase-like action.

It has been suggested that various neurological diseases (particularly those accompanying aging, the cranial nerves, etc.) involve oxidative stress. Some of these diseases have been successfully controlled with traditional herbal medicine. In the present study, Ougi-keishi-gomotsu-to, reported to be effective against subacute myelo-opticoneuropathy (SMON), showed an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation of homogenate by hydroxy radical, a type of active oxygen derived from the interaction of Fe³⁺ and 8-hydroxyquinoline. 8-hydroxyquinoline is a homologue of chinoform, which is causally related to the pathogenic process of SMON. It has also been indicated that Ougi-keishi-gomotsu-to has a hydroxy radical scavenger with radical-quenching effects. It is, therefore concluded that Ougi-keishi-gomotsu-to has an inhibitory effect on oxidative stress.

In recent years the biological rhythms has been concerned. Lately we recognized that there were differences of degrees by the constitutions on the skin-temperature and bodily temperature. On Sympathicotonie and Vagotonie the rhythms-widths of skin-temperature had difference, but their cycles are same. The cycie of armpit-temperature and that of skin-temperature are reverse. Therefore the skin-temperature is importhant about the circadian rhythms.

The temperatures of skin, corium, connective tissue. muscle and rectum on the full moon, the moonless day and the crescent have circadian rhythms. The circadian rhythms of temperaturs on skin, corium, connective tissue and muscel have same tendency on the full moon and the crescent.
The temperatures of corium, connective tissue and muscle on the crescent are higher than that on the full moon at every time.
The temperature of corium is lower than that of skin, connective tissue, muscle, rectum at every time on the full moon, the moonless day and the crescent.

It is necessary to research constituents of moxa on the studies of moxibution.
As we analyged the essential oil in moxa with gas liquid chromatography, n-nonacosane and n-hentriacontane were detected. Several compound (ex.: tricosanol, hentricontane, arachinakohol, thujone) have been already detected in moxa. But n-nonacosane and n-hentriacontane are newly detected constituents in moxa.

There have been not enough information about the biological effects of moxibustion. The symposiums have been opened on the meetings of Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. Many significant results of moxibustion have been discussed on these symposiums. The symposium, “Present Research on Moxibustion”, was opened on the 52nd meeting of Japan Society of acupuncture and Moxibustion in 2003. The contents on this symposium were following.
The outline of fundamental research on moxibustion was presented by Dr. Aizawa. From his report, the various researchers have tried to elucidate the mechanism of moxibustion. These have been many presentations of moxibustion at the meeting of The Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion.
The histological investigation on treated area was presented by Dr. Menjo. From her report, the increase of cutaneous change was observed from the treated area after moxibustion. This result was significant on the decision of moxibustion-stimulation.
The immunological investigation on the effects of moxibustion was presented by Dr. Tohya. From his report, cytokines as IL-12 and IFN-γ was expressed by moxibustion. These results demonstrated that such effects are dependent on the chemical substances in moxa.
The effect of Onkyu was presented by Dr. Nakanishi. From his report, the transportation by Onkyu-stimulation is different from that by acupuncture-stimulation. His results demonstrated that chemical mediator by Onkyu-stimulation acts to the nervous system.
These presented results supposed the significant information and to contribute the development of moxibustion-medicine.

The levels of stress-related hormones in the blood were measured before and after doing Qi Gong health-maintenance exercises, and a control group of walkers with a similar level of movement selected for the basis of a comparative study. The adrenaline, noradrenaline and growth hormone responses of the Qi Gong group were compared with the pre-exercise values. Although no significant difference was observed immediately after exercise, there was a significant drop in all values 30 minutes after exercising. Similar changes in the blood cortisol were noted in the Qi Gong group and walker group. Compared with the pre-exercise value, both group exhibited significant reduction in blood cortisol both immediately following exercise and 30 minutes after exercise, with the lowest value occurring 30 minutes after exercise. In contrast to the increase in stress-related hormones typical after light exercise that was seen in the walker group, the significant reduction response seen in the stress-related hormones of the Qi Gong group with the similar amount of movement was seen as unusual. This suggested that Qi Gong may be a positive means of stress-reduction and a useful health-maintenance method in today's stressful society.