Objective To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen combining conventional therapy on persistent vegetative state ( PVS).Methods Sixty-two cases of PVS patients were treated with hyperbaric oxygen ( HBO ) combinting with conventional therapy.( 1 ) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy:hyperbaric oxygen chamber was adopted and the air pressure was 0,18 -0.20 MPa.The patients breathed pure oxygen for 30 min,2 times per day with a 10 min interval,and continued for 10 days as a course with an average of 4 to 6 courses.(2)Conventional therapy:All patients received drug treatment in hyperbaric oxygen therapy at the same time,including hemostasis,dehydration,anti-infection,nerve cell nutrition agents,wake promoting agents and supportive therapy.All patients were divided to three groups according to the course of disease:26 - 59 days in A group,60-119 days in B group,120 -268 days in C group,and the relationship between disease course and HBO treatment efficacy was analyzed.Results Afer HBO combining conventional therapy,27 cases (43.5％) were recovered,18 cases(29.0％ ) had obvious effect,8 cases( 12.9％ ) had effect,9 cases( 14.5％ )were inefficacy.The efficiency related to the course of disease.The total efficiency rate was 85.5％.The efficacy of HBO treatment had significant difference in A,B and C group ( 96.2％,62.5％ and 41.7％ in A,B and C group respectively,x2 =24.83,P ＜ 0.01 ).The shorter course indicated the better efficacy.Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen combining conven.

Objective To provide the reference for schistosomiasis control through analyzing the changes of endemic status of schistosomiasis in China in recent years. Methods The annual data of schistosomiasis prevention and control from 2002 to 2012 were collected, and the descriptive analysis was conducted to describe the changes of schistosomiasis endemic status. Re?sults Sichuan, Yunan and Jiangxi provinces reached the criteria of transmission controlled from 2002 to 2010 while Hubei, Hu?nan, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces reached the criteria of infection controlled in 2008. The number of counties where the trans?mission of schistosomiasis was controlled decreased from 110 in 2002 to 80 in 2010. The numbers of estimated schistosomiasis cases and reported acute cases fell from 810.4 thousands and 913 in 2002 to 325.8 thousands and 43 in 2010, respectively, and they were reduced by 59.79%and 95.40%respectively. The number of infected bovine went down from 23 199 in 2002 to 7 173 in 2010, with a fall of 69.03%. However, the Oncomelania hupensis snails breeding areas kept in 3.7 to 3.8 billion m2 and among which, 125 million m2 areas were newly discovered in non?endemic areas during the nine years. In 2010, 90%of schistosomiasis cases, acute cases, infected bovine, and snail breeding areas were concentrated in 5 provinces, especially in the Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake areas and the regions along the Yangtze River. Conclusions The epidemic of schistosomiasis decreased sig?nificantly from 2002 to 2010. The lake regions are the key and tough areas for schistosomiasis prevention and control. To consoli?date the achievements, the surveillance and case management need to be strengthened as the extension of snail breeding areas and acute cases reported from other places becomes common.

Objective To analyze the time and space aggregation of acute schistosome infections in marshland and lake areas in five provinces(Jiangsu,Anhui,Jiangxi,Hubei and Hunan province)from 2005 to 2012,so as to provide the evidence for es-tablishing control strategies and taking effective control measures. Methods The data of patients with acute schistosome infection in marshland and lake areas in five provinces from 2005 to 2012 were collected and analyzed with the concentration ratio and circu-lar distribution methods for the epidemic season features and time aggregation of the infection,and with the spatial autocorrelation analysis for the space aggregation of the infected cases. Results According to the concentration ratio,the occurrence of acute schistosome infection had strong seasonality,and the concentration ratio was 0.758;according to the circular distribution method, the peak day of acute schistosome infections was 10th,August. The spatial analysis suggested that the infected cases highly gath-ered around Poyang Lake,Dongting Lake and Yangtze River Basin in 23 counties of the five provinces,and the result of spatial au-tocorrelation analysis showed that the spatial autocorrelation index I was 0.16(P=0.01). Conclusion The occurrence of acute schistosome infections in lake regions of the 5 provinces shows strong seasonality and space aggregation,therefore we can bring the control mark forward,and take targeted prevention and control measures in high aggregation areas of acute schistosomiasis.

Objective To assess the theoretical knowledge and practical skills of parasitic diseases among technicians from disease control and prevention institutions. Methods The Assessment on National Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention Techniques was organized in September,2015. Together,124 subjects from disease control and prevention institutions at prov-ince,prefecture or county levels in 31 provinces joined the assessment. A database was built consisting of subjects'basic infor-mation and assessment scores. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the scores by gender,age,professional title,institutions and places of participants. Results The average total score of all the subjects was 123.3,with a passing rate of 57.3%. The av-erage scores of male subjects(48 subjects)and female subjects(76 subjects)were 125.9 and 121.7 respectively;the average scores of the subjects aged under 30 years(57 subjects),between 30 and 40 years(61 subjects)and above 40 years(6 sub-jects)were 119.6,128.1 and 111.2 respectively;the average scores of persons with junior(94 subjects),intermediate(28 sub-jects)and senior(2 subjects)professional titles were 119.2,135.9 and 140.5 respectively. The average theoretical assessment score of all the subjects was 61.9,with a passing rate of 62.9%. The average practical skill assessment score of all the subjects was 61.4,with a passing rate of 58.1%. Conclusions The theoretical assessment results range widely. The theoretical knowl-edge results of technicians from disease control and prevention institutions are low in general. Therefore ,the specific training based on daily work needs to be enhanced.

This report presented the endemic status of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China at national level in 2013. By the end of 2013,there are 184 943 schistosomiasis japonica cases. Meanwhile,nine acute cases were reported,and 4 cases reduced compared with that of 2012. A total of 29 796 advanced cases were reported;while 911 cases were determined as advanced cases and 1 700 cases were dead in 2013. Nationally,there were around 365 467.99 hm2 Oncomelania snail infested areas in total and 9.25 hm2 of them habituated infected snails in 2013. There were 287.28 hm2 of snail infested areas found in non?endemic areas historically. Moreover,962 065 cattle were estimated to be raised in endemic regions and 633 cattle were deter?mined as positive by stool examinations. The data showed that the endemicity of schistosomiasis in China decreased further. How?ever,challenges exist to reach the aims of the medium and long term national program. Further control and effective surveillance need to be strengthened as the endemicity of schistosomiasis is unstable in the areas after schistosomiasis transmission under con?trol or interruption.

Objective To investigate whether cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression are related to the clinicopathological features,and to microvessel density(MVD).Methods COX-2 expressions were detected in 45colorectal carcinoma samples by immunostaining.MVD was evaluated with the specific antibody CD105.Quantitationof COX-2 mRNA was performed by RT-PCR in 45 specimens of colorectal carcinoma.Results The expressions of COX-2 mRNA and protein were significant variation among lymphatic metastasis,high Dukes stages and grade of differation(P＜0.05);Increased value of MVD were significant variation among lymphatic metastasis,high Dukes stage and depth of tumor invasion(P＜0.05).Both the overexpression of COX-2 protein and mRNA was positively correlated with the value of MVD(P＜0.05).Conclusion COX-2 plays an important role in the development of colorectal carcinoma.COX-2 may up-regulate the value of MVD,which induces angiogenesis and accordingly contributes to metastasis.

Objective: To discuss the role of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in patients with colorectal carcinoma after natural orifce specimen extraction surgery (NOSES). Methods: From March 2017 to May 2018, 86 patients diagnosed with colorectal carcinoma and received NOSES at Tangshan Gongren Hospital were randomized to the control group and the observation group. Doctors utilized traditional interventions in the control group. In the observation group were orally administered with electrolyte solution for 12 hours before surgery, without gastrointestinal decompression tube routinely. Patients were fasting for 6 hours before surgery, 2 hours of water inhalation, and oral administration of 10% glucose 3 hours before surgery. During surgery, patients received intraoperative warming and controlled infusion volume. After operation, no drainage tube was placed, and multi-mode analgesia was used. The patient was given a fluid diet on the first day after surgery, and gradually transitioned to a normal diet. The intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection, operation time, hospitalization time, hospitalization expenses, first drinking time after surgery, diet time, exhaust time, time to get out of bed, pre-and post-operative self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) score, postoperative Barthel index and complication were compared between the two groups. Results: The intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection, and operation time were almost the same between the two groups (all P>0.05). The hospitalization time (6.8±1.2 d versus 8.5±1.5 d) and expenses (58±10 thousand Yuan versus 69±12 thousand Yuan) were significantly reduced in The first drinking time after surgery(1.31±0.35 d versus 2.28±0.24 d), diet time(1.8±0.4 d versus 3.0±0.4 d), exhaust time(2.4±0.5 d versus 2.9±0.6 d), and time to get out of bed (12.0±2.4 d versus 16.8±2.5 d) were all earlier in the observation group (all P<0.05). The SAS and SDS score before the operation were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05), while post-operative SAS (57±7 versus 69±8) and SDS (57±4 versus 62±9) score were significantly decreased in the observation group (all P<0.05). The incidence rates of complication after surgery was 7.0%(3/43) in the observation group, which was significantly lower than the control group (27.9%, 12/43, P=0.011). Conclusion The combination of NOSES and EARS could reduce stress response, complications, recovery time and expense after surgery, while improving the quality of life in these patients.

Objective To study the compliance of forbidden depasturing livestock on the marshland with Oncomelania snails in schistosomiasis endemic areas. Methods According to 3 levels of human infection rates as > 10% ,5%-10% and <5% , 2 204 residents selected randomly from the schistosomiasis endemic villages were sampled with the stratified cluster sampling method in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, and investigated by questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire included the recognition and implementation of forbidden depasturing livestock on marshland with Oncomelania snails and breeding livestock in bam. Results A total of 78.4% residents agreed forbidden depasturing livestock on marshland with snails, but 3. 7% residents disagreed it. A total of 83. 9% residents considered the relationship between breeding livestock in bam and schistosomiasis control, but 3. 1% residents thought that it was no relationship. The main reasons of depasturing livestock on marshland with Oncomelania snails were the high cost of breeding livestock in bam (36. 2% ) , unaccustomed (26.4% ) and no room for breeding livestock in bam (25.4% ). Conclusion Forbidden depasturing livestock on the marshland with Oncomelania snails should be strengthened according to the local economic, nature environment, agriculture, residents'culture degree and agriculture habit.