AIM:To investigate the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GnRH) analogue on the growth of breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 in vitro and to explore the related mechanisms with PI 3K/Akt or ERK/MAPK pathways .METHODS: The proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 treatment with triptorelin was detected by MTT assay and the distribution of the cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry .The phosphorylation of the ERK 1/2 and Akt was evaluated by Western blotting .RESULTS:Triptorelin inhibited the prolifera-tion of MCF-7 cells at concentration of 10-5 mol/L after treated for 192 h or at concentration of 10 -4 mol/L after treated for 168 h and 192 h.Triptorelin inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells at concentration of 10 -4 mol/L after treated for 192 h (P<0.05).Treatment with triptorelin for 192 h at concentration of 10 -4 mol/L had no statistical significance effect on phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Inhibitory effect of GnRH analogue triptorelin on human breast cancer cells is not just the connection with the down-regulation of pituitary hormone , but also a direct in-hibitory effect.The role may not be involved in the activation of ERK /MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways .

Objective To investigate the mechanisms underlying the protection by punicalagin against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damage to keratinocytes.Methods Cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes were divided into several groups:blank control group receiving no treatment,punicalagin groups treated with various concentrations of punicalagin,UVB group irradiated with UVB at 30 mJ/cm2,combination groups pretreated with different concentrations of punicalagin followed by UVB radiation at 30 mJ/cm2.The concentrations of punicalagin were 5,10,20,40 and 80 μmol/L in the cell proliferation assay,10,20 and 40 μmol/L in the other assays.After additional culture for different durations,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate the proliferation of HaCaT cells,Hoechst and propidium iodide (PI) staining as well as flow cytometry to detect the apoptosis in cells,reverse transcription-PCR to quantify the mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1) in HaCaT cells,Western blot to determine the phosphorylation levels of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway-related proteins including P38,JNK and ERK.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,one-way analysis of variance,and Dunnett's t-test.Results As the MTT assay showed,punicalagin at 10-40 μmol/L showed stronger pre-protective effects against UVB-induced damage to HaCaT cells compared with punicalagin at the other concentrations.The number of cells highly positive for both Hoechst and PI staining was larger in the UVB group than that in the blank control group,but smaller in the combination groups than in the UVB group.The percentage of apoptotic cells increased significantly in the UVB group compared with the blank control group (9.82％ ± 0.11％ vs.1.24％ ± 0.91％,P ＜ 0.01),but decreased significantly in the three combination groups (punicalagin (10,20 and 40 μmol/L) + UVB) compared with the UVB group (6.38％ ± 0.14％,5.24％ ± 0.17％ and 3.77％ ± 0.11％ vs.9.82％ ± 0.11％,all P＜ 0.01).Theexpression of MMP1 mRNA was significantly higher,but that of TIMP1 mRNA was significantly lower in the UVB group than in the blank control group (both P ＜ 0.01),whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in the expression of MMP1 or TIMP1 mRNA between the punicalagin groups and blank control group (all P ＞ 0.05).The pretreatment with punicalagin significantly reduced the expression level of MMP1 mRNA (P ＜ 0.01),but elevated that of TIMP1 mRNA (P ＜ 0.01) in the combination groups compared with the UVB group.As Western blot showed,the phosphorylation levels of P38,JNK and ERK were markedly increased in the UVB group (all P ＜0.01),but experienced no significant changes in the punicalagin groups (all P ＞ 0.05) compared with the blank control group,and decreased to different degrees in the combination groups compared with the UVB group (all P ＜0.01).Conclusion Punicalagin has a pre-protective effect on UVB-induced damage to HaCaT cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the dynamic changes in microvascular ultrastructure in the cortex after the acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.Methods40 male rats were randomly divided into two groups（n=20 for sham operation group and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group）. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was produced using suture middle cerebral artery occlusion. Rats were sacrificed and the brain samples were adopted 1,3,12,72 h after ischemia-reperfusion, methyl methacrylate composite brain microvascular casting. The production of brain microvascular specimens, scanning electron microscopy of normal rat cerebral cortex microvessels and cerebral cortex of acute brain injury morphological changes in microvascular.ResultsCompared with the sham-operated group, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in the cortex after the signs of vascular damage, then, vascular casting was to "bean" shape or even had a completely broken "tears candles" stump-like vascular casting, finally, to further the formation of a vascular zone cortex. ConclusionThe structural changes of brain microvascular in the cortex after acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is an important cause of cerebral microcirculation in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism. METHOD: We isolate the mouse bone marrow cells and cultured with rGM-CSF and rIL-4 to stimulate bone marrow cells to transfer to immature dendritic cells. And then the immature dendritic cells were costimulated with ILPS and different concentrations of Bimingan Granule. RESULT: MHC II, CD80, CD86 were detected by flow cytometer and TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 were quantified by ELISA. CONCLUSION Our results showed that Bimingan Granule may significantly inhibit the differentiation of immature dendritic cells to mature dendritic cells.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; drug therapy ; immunology

Objective To explore the effect of Tuina combined with Traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) on nonspecific chronic neck pain (NCNP). Methods 80 eligible patients were recruited in our hospital from October, 2014 to October, 2015. They were randomized to observation group (n=40) and control group (n=40). The observation group received Tuina combined with TCE, and the control group re-ceived intermittent cervical traction, 5 times a week for 2 weeks. They were assessed with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) before, immediately after intervention, and at 1 month follow-up. Results 77 patients completed the treatment and follow-up. The scores of VAS and NDI significantly decreased after a 2-week intervention (t>9.330, P<0.001) in both groups. The VAS score were sig-nificantly lower in the observation group than in the control group immediately after intervention and at 1-month follow-up (F>8.338, P<0.01). The NDI score was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 1-month follow-up (F=9.053, P=0.004). Conclusion Tuina combined with TCE could relieve pain and improve cervical function in patients with NCNP, which was superior to inter-mittent cervical traction.

Objective To judge injury severity of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) by using surface enhanced laser desorption-ionization (SELDI) protein chip technique. Methods Serum sam-ples from sTBI patients were used to detect expression of differential proteins by protein chip CM10 and SELDI to analyze the correlation between expression peak intensity and GCS. Results We obtained 101 protein peaks, with statistical difference upon expression of 27 protein peaks, when negative correla-tion was found between two peaks ( m/z 4 972 and m/z 5 322 ) and GCS score and positive correlation be-tween six peaks (m/z 3 941, m/z 4 295, m/z 8 714, m/z 8 792, m/z 14 020 and m/z 28 148) and GCS score. Conclusion SELDI protein chip technique may become a new and objective detection method in judging injury severity of sTBI.

Objective: To observe the effects of recombinant adenovirus TRAIL (AdS-TRAIL & Ad5F35-TRAIL) on apoptosis of non-small cell lung (NSCLC) cells, so as to assess the value of Ad-TRAIL in gene therapy of NSCLC. Meth-ods: CAR and CD46 expression levels in lung cancer cell lines (A549, Z793, QG56 and NCI-H520) and the primary lung cancer cells from samples of 10 NSCLC patients were assayed by flow cytometry analysis. The lung cancer cell lines and primary lung cancer cells were infected with Ad5-TRAIL & Ad5F35-TRAIL adenoviral vectors at MOI 10 or 50, re-spectively; the percentage of apoptosis cells labeled by Annexin V-FITC in different cells were measured by flow cytometry 48 h after transfection. Results: The expression of CD46 were higher than that of CAR in all the lung cancer lines (A549, Z793, QG56 and NCI-H520) and the primary lung cancer cells. Significant apoptosis was observed in Z793 and QG56 cells transfected with Ad5-TRAIL or Ad5F35-TRAIL at MOI 10, with the apoptosis rate being (1.76±2.10)% (Ad5-TRAIL), (15.96±2.89) % (Ad5F35-THAIL) and (6.05±1.58) % (Ad5-TRAIL), (10.11±1.26) % (Ad5F35-TRAIL), respectively, compared to no adenovirus-transfected cells ([2.33±0.37] % and [5.95±1.89]%, respectively, P < 0.05). Less than 10% of apoptosis cells were detected in NCI-H520 cells transfected with Ad5- or Ad5F35-TRAIL at MOI 50 ([12.89±3.2] % for AdS-TRAIL and [9.08±1.35]% for Ad5F35-TRAIL, respectively) compared to no adenovirus-transfected cells ([7.04±2.17] %, P > 0.05). Moreover, apoptosis induced by Ad5- or Ad5F35-TRAIL transfection in A549 cells was not detected both at MOI 10 and 50. About half of the primary lung cancer cells from 10 patients induced apoptosis after transfected with Ad5-TRAIL or Ad5F35-TRAIL vector. A higher percentage of apoptotic cells were found in Ad5F35-TRAIL group than those in Ad5-TRAIL and control groups. Conclusion: Ad5-TRAIL can induce apoptosis of NSCLC cells in vitro, and Ad5F35-TRAIL is more potent than Ad5-TRAIL, so Ad5F35-TRAIL is more suitable for gene therapy of NSCLC.

Impact acceleration is one of the factors to which human body is exposed in aerospace exploring. When the impact level is greater than human tolerance, it usually results in human injuries which may be fatal. Therefore, in order to reduce or avert the risk of serious injury from crash impact, human tolerance to impact acceleration is a crucial consideration in aircraft since the beginning of aviation. The study on human tolerance to impact acceleration has become a cynosure in the realm of modern biomechanics. So this paper reviews the progress of the researches.
Acceleration ; adverse effects ; Accidents, Aviation ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Aerospace Medicine ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Humans

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postmenopausal osteoporosis in Shanghai.Methods Five hundred postmenopausal community-dwelling women aged 45-80 years were recruited. The case-control study was performed from June 2008 to September 2008.A total number of 250 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis identified with their bone mineral density (BMD) were selected as case group, and 250 non-osteoporosis women were selected as control group. BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorption (DEXA). Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, eduction level, occupation, years since menopause, BMI, use of calcium,historyofnon-violencefracture,fall,diabetesmellitus,chronicgastricdiseases, gastrointestinal resection and diarrhea were related to osteoporosis.Multiple logistic regression showed that age, years since menopause and nutritional status were the risk factors for osteoporosis. ConclusionsThe occurrence of osteoporosis is related with many factors in postmenopausal women in Shanghai, and women with early menopause, low BMI and older age should pay more attention to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.