The BALB/c mice were immunized with human O blood cells. Their spleen cells were fused with murine myeloma cells Ns-1 with PEG. The monoclonal antibodies were identified with human panelled cells. Two clones secreting monoclonal anti-M(2Al and 3F6)and another two clones secreting monoclonal anti-N(4E3 and 7G5)were identified. All these clones could consistently secrete IgM antibodies. In typing 300 different RBC samples,the specificity of antibodies were identical to those of commercial humen anti-M and anti-N typing sere reagent. Significantly, anti-N reagent 4E3 differed from anti-N reagent 7G5, which the former one couldn't be absorbed by M erythrocytes at all,while the latter one absorbed by M erythroeytes.

Spaceflight exerts substantial effects on several systems in humans. The hematologic abnormalities include mainly reduction in plasma, blood volume and red cell mass et al.The initial studies were focus on the changes in hematologic parameters. However, further studies on the physiological mechanisms of these effects showed substantial progress recently. The new meachnism called neocytolysis of physiological down-regulator of red cell mass was discovered. This review summarizes briefly the recent research findings.

The present status of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the discrepancies between TCM and Western medicine were reviewed. It was suggested that modernization of the research and deve lopment of TCM should be established on the basis of the essentials of TCM senses to upgrade its extraction processes, analytical precision, and rational pharmaceutical preparations, which can be accurately prescribed, easily absorbable with better bioavailability to achieve a more favorable patient compliance and therapeutic results It was also pointed out that TCM, with its thousands years of practical clinical experiences, has its unique features and promising future to meet the desire in pursuit of return to Mother Nature It was believed that eventually, the modernized TCM will keep pace with or even surpass the Western medicine for the general welfare of mankind

Objective To find a proper way for accurate results of blood counts,and provide reference for the user of 3 cluster blood cell analyzer.Methods Based on the results of blood cell analyzer KX21 and International Consensus Review Rules,set up the criteria for blood cell microscopic examination,1700 blood specimen were detected and the results were analyzed according to the criteria..Statistics analysis were made to evaluate the accordance between warnings of analyzer and manual examination,likewise the reliability of the criteria.Results According to the review rules and slide riview positive criteria[1],the true positive ratio,the false positive ratio,the true negative ratio and the false negative ratio were 11.88%(202/1 700),21.88%(372/1 700),64.29% (1 093/1 700) and 1.94% (33/1 700) respectively..No blast cell and immature cell was missed.Conclusion The smear review criteria suggested by the International Consensus Group could facilitate to establish the review criteria for 3 cluster blood cell analyzer..The review rules used on KX21 blood cell analyzer in this study are suitable for our laboratory.

Objective To evaluate the blood-saving efficacy of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH)-hemostatics-intraoperative blood salvage (IOBS) in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Methods One hundred and twenty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 18-64 yr, scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia with an expected blood loss of 800 ml or more, were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 30 each) : AHH + IOBS + hemostatics group; IOBS + hemostatics group; AHH + IOBS group; AHH + bemostatics group. AHH was induced with 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 15 ml/kg infused iv at a rate of 40 ml/min immediately after tracheal intubation until the time of immediately before skin incision, IOBS was performed immediately before skin incision. Intravenous hemocoagulase 2 kU and im hemocoagulase 1 kU were injected 10 min before skin incision. The total volume of fluid intake and output, HR, MAP and CVP were recorded during the operation. Vein blood samples were taken for determination of Hb, Hct, platelet counts (Plt), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and fibrinogen concentration (Fib) .Results CVP was significantly lower in IOBS+ hemostatics group than in AHH + IOBS + hemestaties group ( P < 0.05), while no significant difference in CVP was found between AHH + IOBS and AHH + IOBS + hemostatics group and between AHH + hemostatics and AHH +IOBS + hemostaties group (P > 0.05). The volume of blood loss was significantly higher in AHH + IOBS group, and the allogenic blood transfusion volume was significantly higher, while the percentage of the patients without allogeneie blood transfusion and without FFP transfusion lower in AHH + hemostatics group than in AHH + IOBS + hemostatics group ( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ), but there were no significant differences in the above parameters between IOBS + hemostatics group and AHH + IOBS + hemostatics group ( P > 0.05). Hb, Hct, Plt and Fib were significantly higher in IOBS + hemostatics group than in AHH + IOBS + hemostafics group( P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in the above parameters between AHH + IOBS and AHH +IOBS + hemostatics group and between AHH + hemostatics and AHH + IOBS + hemestatlcs group (P > 0.05 ). Conclusion The blood-saving efficacy of AHH-bemostatics-IOBS is good in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery and it is a safe technique.

Objective To determine the median effective dosage of 0.5% ropivacaine for ultrasoundguided lateral popliteal sciatic nerve block. Methods Twenty-three ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 19-20 yr weighing 52-90 kg received lateral popliteal nerve block guided with ultrasound for foot and ankle surgery.The volume of 0.5% ropivacaine injected was determined by the response of the previous patient using an up-anddown technique. The initial volume was 18 ml. Each time the volume increased/decreased by 2 ml.Successful nerve block was defined as complete loss of pinprick sensation in both tibial and common peroneal nerve distribution with concomitant inability to perform plantar or dorsal flexion of the foot 30 min after injection. Results The median effective dosage of 0.5% ropivacaine resulting in complete block of the sciatic nerve in 50% patients was 13 ml (95% confidence interval 11.3-14.9 ml).Conclusion The median effective dosage of 0.5% ropivacaine for ultrasound-guided lateral popliteal sciatic nerve is 13.0 ml.

Objective To investigate the effects of 1% ropivacaine injected epineurally or intraneurally on the recovery of sciatic nerve from acute injury in rats. Methods Seventy-two healthy male Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were xandomly assigned into 4 groups ( n = 18 each): group Ⅰ epineural injection of normal saline(NS)(group C1); group Ⅱ intraneural injection of NS (group C2); group Ⅲ epineural injection of 1% ropivacaine (group Epi-R) and group Ⅳ intraneural injection of 1% ropivacaine (group Intra-R). The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 3% pentobarbital 60 mg/kg. The sciatic nerve was exposed and crushed with blood vessel clamp for 2 min. NS or 1% ropivacaine 0.2 ml was injected epineurally or intraneurally after release of the clamp.Sciatic nerve function was measured and sciatic nerve function index (SFI) was calculated at day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21and 28 after operation. Six animals in each group were anesthetized on the 14th and 28th day after operation and the nerve conduction velocity (NCV) of the sciatic nerve was measured. The sciatic nerve was then removed for histologic examination. Results There was no significant difference in SFI and NCV at all time points among group C1 , C2 and Epi-R. SFI was almost normal on the 28th day after operation in the 3 groups. The NCV was significantly slower at day 14 and 28 after operation in intra-R group than in the other 3 groups. Conclusion Intra-neural injection of ropivacaine can significantly delay the recovery of sciatic nerve from acute injury.

In an effort to search for more potent antibacterial drugs, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of fifteen fosfomycin derivatives at 35℃ for 24h against S. aureus, Enterococcus, P.aeruginosa and Eschericha coli were determined, respectively. Preliminary antibacterial results showed that five derivatives of them were more potent than reference substance (Ⅳa) against some bacteria. Take compound Ⅳg for example, its antibacterial activity was three times as potent as that of compound Ⅳa against S.aureus. The structure-activity relationship of fosfomycin derivatives was investigated according to the mechanism of fosfomycin antibacterial action at molecular level which was pointed by Smeyers et al.

Objective To compare three kinds of operation method in the treatment of glaucoma with cata-ract indications and clinical efficacy .Methods 90 patients with glaucoma combined with cataract were randomly divided into A,B,C three groups,patients in group A underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation therapy , patients in group B underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation combined with peripheral iridectomy treat -ment,patients in group C underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation and trabecular bite resection ,compared three groups of patients with clinical curative effect The .Results of three groups of patients before treatment and operation visual acuity compared to no significant difference (P>0.05),the treatment after operation,all patients vis-ual acuity was improved ,no significant difference in visual contrast and three group of patients after operation ( P>0.05).Three groups of patients before operation ,1 week after operation,6 months after the IOP had no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05);the same group of patients before and after operation in different time points .The intraocular pressure had significant differences (P<0.05).Three groups of patients with postoperative iris root is rela-tively flat,wide angle increases,and the remaining peripheral iris mucosal area has been narrowed ,visible range be-come larger;no serious complication occurred .Conclusion Glaucoma patients with cataract treated with three kinds of operation mode ,can significantly improve the visual acuity of patients ,so it has high value in clinical application .

Objective To observe recycle homorheology index of two autologous blood recover machines in orthopedic operation , including maximum deformation index (DImax) ,aggregation index(AImax) ,osmotic fragility ,hematocrit(Hct) ,hemoglobin(Hb) , blood electrolytes and pH value ,the changes of in vivo Hct ,Hb ,blood electrolyte and pH value after the autotransfusion to provide references for rational clinical use of cell salvage .Methods Seventy‐six patients were randomly divided into group A (CATS) and group B (Cell Saver) ,38 cases in each group .Autologous test of DImax ,AImax ,osmotic fragility ,Hct ,Hb ,blood electrolytes ,pH value and Hct ,Hb ,osmotic fragility ,pH value of patients before and after autotransfusion ,24 h after operation ,used to determine the in vivo salvaged were measured .Results DImax of group A were lower than that of group B with no difference(P<0 .05);AImax of both groups had no different(P>0 .05) ,but was lower than the reference value .RBC osmotic fragility curve shifted to the right in group A ,each index was significantly lower than its reference value(P<0 .05) .The in vivo Hct ,Hb ,K+ of group A were significantly higher than that of group B ,Na+ level of group A was lower than of group B ,each index had significantly difference with its reference value(P<0 .05) .pH value of both groups was slightly alkaline .The in vivo Hct ,Hb ,K+ ,Na+ level and pH value of both groups had no difference at the point of before and immediately after autotransfusion and 24 h postoperatively ,there were no statistically difference(P>0 .05) .The in vivo Hct of both groups after autotransfusion were significantly higher than before(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The hemorheology index and quality of salvaged blood acquired from these two cell salvage systems in orthopae‐dic operation have no obvious differences .The function of these two kinds of cell salvage systems is safer and reliable .