The catalogue for regular college programs is the guide to offering specialties and academic degrees in medical colleges and universities.It serves as the orienting framework under which to develop human resources at the institution of higher learning.Thus,it is an important task concerning the overall reform and development of tertiary education to revise the catalogue for regular college programs.This paper discusses the adjustment of such kind of catalogs in terms of their special aspects and distinctive qualities of medical education with an attempt to draw the attention of more experts and scholars to this research direction in order to ensure a stable,scientific,and continuous development of the catalog for medical sciences.

Fluoride can cause phrenology and non-phrenology damage,but the mechanisms were unclear.It is reported that fluoride can decrease protein synthesis and induce cell apoptosis,leading to extensive systemic damage.Many studies have found that the mechanism is closely associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress.Protein kinase receptor-like ER kinase/Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (PERK/eIF2α) signaling pathway is the first activation pathway when endoplasmic reticulum stress occurs which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of fluorosis.This present paper is focused on the role of PERK/elF2α signaling pathway-related factors in the systemic and organism damages resulted from fluorosis,which may provide new ideas in mechanism and prevention of fluorosis.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare ZnO cream and to establish its quality control method. METHODS: The O/W cream base was used to prepare ZnO cream; The ZnO cream was assayed by EDTA-Na2 titration method with C2H5OH-CHCl3 (1∶1) to dissolve cream base. RESULTS: The prepared ZnO cream was well-spread, and its property, identification and tests etc were all in conformity with the description of China Pharmacopeia (2005 edition). The content of the ZnO stood at 16%. CONCLUSION: The preparative procedure of ZnO cream was simple and practicable, its quality control method was reliable and its quality was stable.

Objective To observe the quantity of drainage fluid after operation and to evaluate the application of negative pressure drainage in skin soft tissue expansion. Methods The silica gel tube of 2 mm inside diameter with multi holes on sides was set under the skin soft tissue expander in 48 patients, then drained from upper incision or another incised hole,and connected with negative pressure apparatus. Results After operation, the quantity of drainage was from less than 5 ml to no more than 50 ml, averaged 16 ml. Conclusion For an operation with expansion capability above 100～200 ml,setting the negative pressure drainage as a routine is a most simple and effective method to prevent and treat bleeding and hematoma formation.It can produce effects on reducing the early complications such as hematoma and infection.

Academic analysis was made on the relationship between the supply and demand of higher education on the condition of rapid economic development.The development target of the healthcare manpower up to 2020 in Zhejiang Province was discussed through a comparative study method.A simulated prediction of the demand for the healthcare manpower was made by the specific ratio method of healthcare manpower/population.This study shows that by 2020 the number of doctors per thousand will reach 2.4,which is the average figure of the developed countries in the 1990's,then can adapt to the effective demand in Zhejiang Province.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of zinc finger gene 217 (ZNF217) in human papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods The expressions of ZNF217 mRNA and protein were detected by quantitative realtime PCR and Western blot in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues (n =20) and adjacent normal tissues (n =20),and the data were analyzed.Results The expressions of ZNF217 mRNA and protein in papillary thyroid carcinoma were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissues (96.72 ± 44.19 vs 4.86 ±3.55,0.994 ± 0.172 vs 0.195 ± 0.061,both P＜0.01),being higher in the papillary thyroid carcinoma with capsule invasion compared with that without capsule invasion (P＜0.01).The expressions of ZNF217 mRNA and protein in papillary thyroid carcinoma were not related to gender,age,tumor size,TNM stage or lymph node metastasis (all P＞0.05).Conclusions The overexpression of ZNF217 may be associated with the oncogenesis and progress of papillary thyroid carcinoma and capsule invasion,and thus is expected to become a new target for prevention and treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To explore the effects of single rectangle cage interbody fusion combined with pedicle screw fixa?tion for isthmic spondylolisthesis. Methods Data of the 34 cases with isthmic spondylolisthesis hospitalized at our department from March 2012 to February 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were operated by posterior pedicle screw fixation com?bined with single rectangle cage interbody fusion. There were 21 males and 13 females, aging from 18 to 63 years old (with an aver?age age of 41.6±8.2 years). Lesion segments were L4 in 15 cases and L5 in 19 cases;there were 12 cases in Meyerding I degree, 16 in II degree and 6 in III degree;28 patients had lower back pain associated with lower limb pain;19 patients had lower back pain associated with numbness of lower limb;18 patients had lower back pain associated with lower limb muscle weakness and 2 pa?tients had urination and defecation function disturbance. The surgical operation time, bleeding, postoperative drainage flow, graft fusion rate, complications were measured, and the intervertebral disc height, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), Oswestry disability indes (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS) score were compared before and after treatment. Results The operation of 34 patients was successfully completed with the average operation time of 1.8 ± 0.8 h, and the bleeding in operation was 362.4 ± 93.7 ml, while postoperative drainage flow was 116.3±54.2 ml. All patients were effectively followed up for 12 months to 46 months (av?erage, one year and 10 months). Two weeks after operation, the intervertebral disc height were obviously increased (9.85±1.11 mm, 9.63 ± 1.04 mm), and there were significant difference compared with preoperative results (6.53 ± 0.98 mm, 6.24 ± 1.07 mm), but there were no significant difference compared with the latest follow?up results (9.23±1.33 mm, 9.30±1.16 mm). At the latest follow?up, JOA score was 13.19±1.08, ODI score 12.34±7.52, VAS score 2.23±1.51, and there were significantly different in each score compared with preoperative results. The symptoms of low back pain, lower limb nerve dysfunction and quality of life were signifi?cantly improved compared with preoperative situation. At the 16 month follow?up, all postoperative patients with vertebral body bone graft were judged to be fused. There was no pedicle screw loosening, fracture and so on. Conclusion Single rectangle cage interbody fusion combined with pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis is a kind of mini?invasive, less bleeding, safe and effective surgical method.

Objective To study the expression of ZNF217 and EF1α gene in the pathological scars and to investigate role and probable mechanism in the pathogenesis of abnormal scar.Methods Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expression and distribution of mRNA and protein of ZNF217 and EF1α in hypertrophic scar (10 cases),keloid (10 cases),normal scar (10 cases),and normal skin (10 cases),and statistics was used to analyze the data.Results The expression of ZNF217 mRNA and protein in the normal skin,normal scar,hypertrophic scar and keloid were 1.46±0.397,1.45±0.265,4.49±0.999,5.47±0.808; 0.276±0.0211,0.299±0.0150,0.743t0.0509 and 0.747±0.0377,respectively.The expression of EF1α mRNA and prorein in the normal skin,normal scar,hypertrophic scar,and keloid were 1.47±0.469,1.47±0.218,5.10±1.68,5.74±1.92; 0.505±0.0371,0.518±0.0153,0.780±0.0369 and 0.792±0.0290,respectively.The positive rate of mRNA and protein of ZNF217 and EF1α was not statistically different between the hypertrophic scar and keloid (P＞0.05),while they were all remarkably significant in comparison between normal scar and abnormal scar (P＜0.01).In pathological scar mRNA and protein of ZNF217 and EF1α showed a strong positive correlation.Conclusions The expression of ZNF217 and EF1α is increased in pathological scar.Therefore,ZNF217 and EF1α overexpression may play an important role in the proliferation of fibroblasts and in the pathogenesis of pathological scar.

AIM: To study the suppressive effect of glycogen synthase kinase-3β( GSK-3β) knockdown by RNA interference on the formation of keloid .METHODS:Human keloid fibroblasts ( KFB) in vitro were transfected with 3 pairs of specific GSK-3βsmall interfering RNA (siRNA).The best siRNA to inhibit the GSK-3βexpression in human KFB was screen by RT-PCR and Western blot .The expression of GSK-3βand related proteins at mRNA and protein levels in the KFB was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot .RESULTS: The GSK-3βsiRNA1434 remarkably inhibited the expression of GSK-3βat mRNA and proteins levels in the human KFB .After transfection with GSK-3βsiRNA, the protein levels of β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, Wnt2 and cyclin D1 were all decreased.KFB growth became slow.With the extension of time, the inhibition of cell growth increased , and the cell doubling time was significantly delayed .CONCLUSION:siRNA targeting GSK-3βefficiently knocks down the expression of GSK-3βin the human KFB, and inhibits the activation of Wnt signaling pathway , thus inhibiting the growth of keloid .GSK-3βmay be a potential therapeutic target for keloid .

Objective To explore the safety and feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy without using titanium-clips. Methods Data of 1016 patients(group A) undergoing single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy without using titanium-clips were compared to that of 874 patients(group B)undergoing two-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy without using titanium-clips by t test and chi square test for operating time,operative hemorrhage,the length of postoperative hospital stay and postoperative pain.Results In group A,1001 cases were successfully operated on with single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy,with conversion to classic four-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 15 cases,while 874 cases in group B were operated on with two-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy.There were no bile leakage,biliary tract injury or death in both groups.There were no difference in operating time[(34.5 ±5.2) min vs (32.0±7.4)min,t=0.063,P=0.526],the length of postoperative hospital stay[(3.1±0.8)d vs(3.2±0.7)d,t=1.073,P=0.326]and operative hemorrhage[(56.5±17.8)ml vs (55.2±15.9)ml,t=0.812,P=0.425](P>0.05) between the two groups,but the postoperative pain was less severe in Group A than that in group B (P=0.000<0.05). Conclusions The single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible,safe,less traumatic and more cosmetic.