In recent years, modern tissue engineering is becoming emerging and developing rapidly, and the acquisition, cultivation and differentiation of seed cells is the premise and foundation of the construction of tissue engineering, so more and more scholars pay attention to stem cells as seed cells for tissue engineering construction. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is a kind of adult stem cells derived from dental pulp, and as a new kind of seed cells of tissue engineering, the study of DPSCs presents important significance in tissue and organ regeneration. In this review, we introduced the progress of studies on dental pulp stem cells and discussed their clinical application prospects.
Adult ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Dental Pulp ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Regeneration ; Stem Cells ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

An statistical analysis of aorta-septal angle(AS angle) between anterior wall of aorta and ventricular septum was taken,AS angle was measured fromthe right ventricle with long-axis, two-dimensional echocardiongram of the left ventricle in 227 consecutive cases of patients with cardiovascular diseases and 80 healthy adults since 1985. It was found that AS angle for normal adults at the end of systoie(ES) and the end of diastole(ED) being 118.50?? 7.70? and 110.60??8.23?; the difference between ES and ED was 7.89??4.51?. In patients with overburdening of left ventricular volume and resistance of coronary artery disease, car-diomycpathy and hypertension , AS angles were amaller,and in patients with overburdening of right ventricular pressure of rheumatic mitral stenosis, AS angles were larger than healthy adults. The difference between ES and ED was smaller than normal for all patients. It was also found that in patients with heartdisease AS angle tends to be smaller or larger before the appearance of abnormality of the left ventricular cavity. Our data suggested that AS angle variance might afford some clinical significance of diagnosis

Objective To investigate the serum levels of biochemical indexes such as calcium,phosphorus,iron,zinc,and alkaline phosphatase of children in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control areas in Qinghai Province.Methods According to the results of Kaschin-Beck disease monitoring in Qinghai Province,Tangnaihai Township of Xinghai County and Gandu Town of Hualong County were chosen as Kaschin-Beck disease areas and Qushian Township of Xinghai Country was chosen as a control.Children aged 7 to 15 in boarding schools in these areas were chosen as the study subjects in June 2014.Serum alkaline phosphatase level was determined by enzyme colorimetry and the serum iron,zinc,calcium and phosphorus levels were determined by colorimetry.Calcium to phosphate ratio was calculated at the same time.Results Fifty-nine qualified serum samples of children were sampled in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and 45 in control area.Serum alkaline phosphatase levels in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control area were (311.34 ± 85.31) and (264.09 ± 73.44)U/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =-2.97,P ＜ 0.05).Children's serum phosphorus levels in Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control area were (1.62 ± 0.17) and (1.43 ± 0.13)mmol/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =-6.29,P ＜ 0.05).Calcium to phosphorus ratio were 1.62 ± 0.17 and 1.82 ± 0.21,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =5.53,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control area,the level of children's serum zinc was (19.96 ± 1.70) and (20.59 ± 2.45)μmol/L;the level of serum calcium was (2.59 ± 0.11) and (2.57 ± 0.11)mmol/L;and the level of serum iron was (15.06 ± 7.02) and (17.01 ± 6.70)μmol/L.The differences between these three biochemical indicators were not statistically significant between Kaschin-Beck disease areas and control area (t =1.39,-0.64,1.44,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In Kaschin-Beck disease areas in Qinghai Province,the level of children's serum alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus have increased markedly and the calcium to phosphate ratio has decreased obviously.

Objective To evaluate whether recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) could increase the angiogenic responses in preterm rat models with periventricular white matter damage (PWMD).Methods Three-day postnatal rats were divided into 3 groups randomly:the sham group,the hypoxic-ischemic (HI) group and the recombinant human erythropoietin(rh-EPO)treatment group.Rat pups underwent permanent ligation of the right common carotid artery followed by 60 mL/L O2 for 4 h or sham operation and normoxic exposure.Immediately after the HI,rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of rh-EPO (5 U/g)or saline.Angiogenesis-related cells (CD34 + cells),microvessel density (MVD)and arteriovenous related genes (ephrinB2 and EphB4)were examined at 48 h and 96 h after operation.Results At 48 h after operation,the proteins of CD34 in HI rats increased compared with the sham rats (HI group vs Sham group:0.54 ± 0.05 vs 0.42 ± 0.05,P ＜ 0.05).However,the MVD,the mRNA of ephrinB2 and EphB4 did not change (P ＞ 0.05).The proteins of CD34,the mRNA of ephrinB2 and EphB4 increased after rh-EPO treatment compared with HI rats.However,the MVD did not increase.As the proteins of CD34 increased further at 96 h after operation (HI group vs Sham group:0.85 ± 0.06 vs 0.62 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.05),the MVD (3.14 ± 1.21 vs 1.50 ± 1.04),ephrinB2 (7.51 ± 1.89 vs 1.28 ± 0.24) and EphB4 (4.58 ± 0.82 vs 1.21 ± 0.22) also increased (all P ＜ 0.05).And the proteins of CD34 increased after administration of rh-EPO(EPO group vs HI group:0.98 ± 0.07 vs 0.85 ± 0.06,P ＜0.05) and MVD(EPO group vs HI group:4.71 ± 1.38 vs 3.14 ± 1.21,P ＜0.05) were increased after administration of rh-EPO.However,the ephrinB2 and EphB4 did not increased after administration of rh-EPO at 96h time point.Conclusion Endogenous regenerative response is triggered in the damaged tissues and rh-EPO increases the angiogenesis in model rats with PWMD.

Objective:To explore the potent effects of denatonium benzoate(DB)on Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-B2(MrgprB2)-mediated rat mast cell degranulation.Methods:RBL-2H3 cells were treated with DB overnight,before challenged with MrgprB2 ligands substance P(SP).The release of β-hex from MrgprB2-activated RBL-2H3 was detected by substrate method.Detec-tion of LTC4,IL-6,TNF-α and cPLA2 activity were performed by ELISA.The Ca2+influx and the expression of RBL-2H3 MrgprB2 re-ceptors were measured by fluorescence assay.Results:The results showed 10 μmol/L,50 μmol/L,80 μmol/L,100 μmol/L DB treat-ments promoted β-hex and LTC4 releases from activated RBL-2H3,accompanied by increased Ca2+mobilization and cPLA2 activa-tion.DB treatments did not affect IL-6 and TNF-α LTC4 releases in MrgprB2-activated RBL-2H3,as well as the levels of MrgprB2 ex-pression in mast cells.Conclusion:Taken together,DB enhanced the MrgprB2-mediated RBL-2H3 degranulation in vitro,probably by up-regulating Ca2+mobilization in activated cells.

Objective: To explore the clinical useness of intraoperative functional neuronavigation and fluorescent indocyanine green(ICG) angiography as well as electrophysiological evaluation during microsurgical resection of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Methods: A series of 42 consecutive cases with AVM underwent microsurgery by intraoperative functional neuronavigation at Department of Neurosurgery of People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2009 to February 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 42 patients, 29 were males and 13 were females aging from 4 to 62 years (mean age 32.6 years). Preoperative assessment included functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to identify the relationship between lesions and eloquent areas. The results of images were integrated into three-dimensional datasets to achieve intraoperative microscopic-based functional neuronavigation during AVM resection. Operations involved in motor areas and corticospinal tract were performed under continuous electrophysiological monitoring. ICG angiography was performed at pre-dissection, post-clipping of the feeders, and post-resection of the nidus. FLOW 800 software presented a color map and ICG intensity-time curve to demostrate the vascular architecture. Postoperative digital subtraction angiography was re-examined routinely to evaluate the extent of resection. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with the modified Rankin Scale. Results: All patients underwent surgery under intraoperative navigation. Of the 42 patients, total resection was achieved in 36 cases (85.7%, 36/42) including 14 cases of AVM in eloquent areas. A total of 40 ICG angiographies were successfully performed among 11 patients. Average number of ICG injections per operation was 3.6 (ranging from 3 to 6). Feeders were visualized in 10 patients and drainers were visualized in 9 cases. The post-surgical follow-up period varied from 3 months to 70 months (mean 22.5 months). 83.8% of the patients returned to normal work and life during the followed-up period. Conclusion Combining intraoperative neuronavigation and electrophysiological monitoring, as well as fluorescent ICG angiography contribute to microsurgical resection of cerebral AVM effectively in selecting suitable patients, further avoiding neurologic compromise as well.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical procedure for patients with knee osteoarthritis. The patellar component plays a crucial role in knee biomechanics and can influence postoperative outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between radiological indices of patellar height and patient outcomes following TKA. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent TKA for osteoarthritis. Radiographic measurements of patellar height, including the Insall-Salvati (IS) ratio, modified Blackburne-Peel (mBP) ratio, Caton-Deschamps ratio, and plateaupatellar angle (PPA), were obtained. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Knee Society Score (KSS) and the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12). Patient satisfaction and postoperative complications were also evaluated. Statistical analyses, including correlation analysis and multiple regression models, were performed to determine the association between radiological indices and patient outcomes. Results: The study included 330 cases that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed significant correlations between different radiological indices of patellar height and patient outcomes. Lower postoperative PPA was correlated with worse KSS and range of motion scores. A decreased mBP ratio was associated with poorer FJS-12 responses and higher risks of dissatisfaction and patellar clunk or crepitus. Increased IS ratio was linked to a lower likelihood of incidental giving way of the knee. Advanced age was associated with reduced dissatisfaction and incidental giving way probabilities. Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrate that radiological indices of patellar height can predict patient outcomes following TKA. Assessing patellar height using various radiographic measurements provides valuable information for surgical planning and prognostic evaluation. Understanding the impact of patellar height on clinical outcomes can aid in optimizing TKA procedures and improving patient satisfaction. These findings emphasize the importance of considering patellar height as a predictive factor in TKA and highlight its potential role in guiding postoperative management and rehabilitation strategies.

With the extensive application in clinical practice, biological medicine plays a significant role in both treatment and supportive care in oncology. With the expiration of original drug patents, biosimilars emerge. The biosimilars are defined as biological drugs that are be highly similar but not identical to the biological reference. Their development and evaluation procedure are different from those of small molecular chemical generics. Biosimilars are expected to reduce the health care costs worldwide. The booming developments of biosimilars, such as rituximab, trastuzumab and bevacizumab in medical oncology can optimize the clinical strategies, offer patients more treatment options and reduce the medical expenditure. In this article, we review the advances in the field of biosimilars, especially focus on the challenges and opportunities of biosimilars in clinical oncology.

Angelicae Sinensis Radix, drived from a medicinal and edible plant Angelica sinensis, with the reputation of "nine Angelica recipes out of ten". The volatile oils from Angelicae Sinensis Radix was the main medicinal component of Angelicae Sinensis Radix, mainly including benzene phthalides, terpenoids and alkanes, its chemical composition was complex. Such factors as growth environment, concoction process, extraction methods and other factors all can trigger changes in volatile oil constituents and content from Angelicae Sinensis Radix. Angelicae Sinensis Radix essential oil has diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-hypotension, protection of ischemia-reperfusion injury, asthma, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer, etc., implying its high clinical application value. This paper reviewed the literature on the volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix in the past ten years, the chemical components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were sorted out and the factors affecting the chemical components were summarized, focusing on its anti-hypotensive, ischemia-reperfusion injury protection, asthma and other active effects, in order to provide reference for the further development and utilization of the volatile oil of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors for traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes of primary liver cancer， and to provide a theoretical basis for the TCM syndrome differentiation and standardized treatment of liver cancer. MethodsTCM syndrome differentiation was performed for 415 patients who were admitted to Shanxi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and were diagnosed with primary liver cancer based on pathological or clinical examinations from January 2019 to December 2023. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups， and the unordered polytomous logistic regression model was used to investigate the influencing factors for TCM syndromes of liver cancer. ResultsThe common initial symptoms of the 415 patients with primary liver cancer included pain in the liver area （31.81%）， abdominal distension （25.30%）， abdominal pain （15.18%）， and weakness （13.98%）， and the main clinical symptoms included poor appetite （70.84%）， fatigue （69.16%）， pain in the liver area （67.47%）， poor sleep （59.04%）， abdominal distension （53.01%）， and constipation （52.53%）. There were significant differences in TCM syndromes between patients with different sexes， courses of the disease， clinical stages， Child-Pugh classes， presence or absence of intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastasis， and presence or absence of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization （TACE） and radiofrequency ablation （all P<0.05）. The logistic regression analysis showed that male sex was a risk factor for damp-heat accumulation （odds ratio ［OR］=2.036， P=0.048） and the syndrome of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency （OR=5.240， P<0.001）； a course of disease of<1 year was a risk factor for damp-heat accumulation （OR=2.837， P=0.004） and syndrome of Qi stagnation and blood stasis （OR=2.317， P=0.021）， but it was a protective factor against syndrome of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency （OR=0.385， P=0.005）； Child-Pugh class A/B was a protective factor against liver-kidney Yin deficiency （OR=0.079， P<0.001）； intrahepatic metastasis was a risk factor for liver-kidney Yin deficiency （OR=5.117， P=0.003） and syndrome of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency （OR=3.303， P=0.010）； TACE was a protective factor against liver-kidney Yin deficiency （OR=0.171， P<0.001） and syndrome of spleen-kidney Yang deficiency （OR=0.138， P<0.001）； radiofrequency ablation was a risk factor for damp-heat accumulation （OR=4.408， P<0.001） and liver-kidney Yin deficiency （OR=32.036， P<0.001）. ConclusionSex， course of disease， Child-Pugh class， intrahepatic metastasis， TACE， and radiofrequency ablation are the main influencing factors for TCM syndromes of liver cancer.