0.05)in cell volume between the experimental group and control group after exposured in hypertonic NaCl saline for 15 minutes. Compared with the control level,after 60 minutes and 1 day all astrocytes shrunk significantly, (P0.05). Conclusion:Astrocytes can restore their cell volume following exposition in hypertonic saline.

0.05). The cell volume of astrocytes was not significantly changed after exposition to hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution for 15 minutes. After 60 minutes all astrocytes shrunk significantly until 1 day later. 7 days later,their volumes restored to the value in control group. Conclusion: The hippocampal neuroncs have not the autoregulative ability of the cellular volume. but astrocytes have after exposition to hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution for 15 min: the volume of both cells 7 days later can restore to the previous value.

Objective To investigate the influence of thiopentone, midazolam, etomidate and propofol on the suxamethonium-induced serum potassium increase, muscle fasciculations and myalgia Methods Sixty patients, ASA class Ⅰ-Ⅱ were allocated randomly to receiving intravenous thiopentone 5mg/kg(thiopentone-group), midazolam 0.3mg/kg( midazolam-group), etomidate 0.3mg/kg(etomidate-group)or propofol 2mg/kg(propofol-group) respectively, followed by intravenous suxamethonium and tracheal intubation. Serum potassium concentration was measured before induction and intubation and after intubation. The incidences of muscle fasciculation during induction and postoperative mylgia were observed .Results As compared with that before induction ,the serum potassium levels in thiopentone- and etomidate-group increased significantly by 3.4% and 5.3% respectively after induction (P0.05).The incidences of muscle fasciculation and postoperative myalgia inmidazolam- and propofol -group were significantly lower than in thiopentone- and etomidate -group (P

Objective To study the effects of selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor 1400W on nitric oxide (NO) exhalation and plasma nitrate concentration during endotoxemia in pigs. Methods Fourteen pigs of both sexes aged 12-16 weeks, weighing 40-60 kg were randomly divided into two groups : ( Ⅰ ) endotoxemia group ( n = 6) and ( Ⅱ ) 1400W group ( n = 8). The animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital and ketamine, intubated and mechanically ventilated. PaC02 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. Femoral artery and portal vein were cannulated for BP monitoring and blood sampling. E coli (LPS 20 mg L-1 ) was continuously infused iv at 4 ml h-1 for 24 h in both groups. In 1400W group, at 12 h of LPS infusion, continuous iv infusion of 1400W was started at 0.5 mg kg-1 h-1 . Blood samples were taken from artery and portal vein before LPS infusion (T0) and at 12 h (T, ) and 24 h (T2) of LPS infusion for determination of plasma nitrate concentration. Expired NO concentration was measured using NOA 280 NO analyzer. Results 1400W decreased LPS-induced increase in expired NO (P 0.05). Conclusion The selective iNOS inhibitor 1400W can inhibit iNOS activity and lead to decreased NO production.

0 05).After CPB,⑴The levels of u-?-GTP and u-NAG obviously increased in the two groups respectively(P

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on plasma ?-glucuronidase ?-GCD) activity, granulocyte elastase (Gel) and fibronectin (Fn) concentrations and the dose-effect relationships of ulinastatin with them during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) .Methods Thirty ASA Ⅱ - Ⅲ patients (19 male, 11 female) aged 3-29 yr, weighing 12-61 kg undergoing elective open heart surgery with CPB were randomly divided into two groups : ulinastatin group (U n - 15) and control group (C n = 12) . In group U patients received ulinastatin 200 000 U in 20 ml of normal saline (NS) infused iv over 10 min after induction of anesthesia and before CPB. An additional 200 000 U of ulinastatin was given iv if CPB lasted for more than 4 h. In control group NS was given iv instead of ulinastatin. Blood samples were taken before anesthesia and after CPB for determination of plasma ?-GCD activity and Gel and Fn levels. The differences in ?-GCD, Gel and Fn between baseline and post-CPB values were calculated (△?-GCD, △Gel, △Fn). In group C the correlation between △?-GCD and AGel;△?-GCD and △Fn; △Gel and △Fn and in group U the correlation of the dose of ulinastatin (U?kg-1 body weight) with △?-GCD /△Gel /△Fn were studied.Results (1) There was no significant difference in plasma ?-GCD activity, Gel and Fn levels between the two groups before anesthesia ( P

AIM: To clarify the role of heme oxygenase-endogenous carbon monoxide (HO-CO) in the regulation of cardiac function during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) shock in rats. METHODS: Forty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups randomly (n=10 in each group): control group (group C), ZnPP-IX group (group Z), LPS shock group (group S) and LPS shock+ZnPP-IX (group LZ). The LVSP and ?dp/dt_ max were monitored before and after administration of ZnPP-IX or sodium bicarbonate vehicle intraperitoneally in four groups. LDH, CK and COHb of plasma, and HO-1 mRNA, HO-2 mRNA, HO-1 protein and HO-2 protein from left ventricle tissue were measured 6 h after LPS (or 0.9% saline vehicle) injection in four groups. RESULTS: ① The LVSP and ?dp/dt_ max in group LZ were obviously lower than that in group S, respectively (P0.05). CONCLUSION: The upregulation of HO-1 protein followed by increase in CO may contribute to protection of cardiac function during septic shock in rats.

To study the effect of propofol on the protection of ischemic isolated heart preconditioned by rapid heart pacing. Method: 24 white rabbits were assigned randomly into ischemia control (IC), pacing+ischemia (PI), and propofol+pacing+ischemia (PPI)group. Result: After 30 min of total heart isehemia followed by 30 min reperfusion, the recovery level of LVDP, LV+dp/dt max and LV-dp/dt max is much better in PI group than that of IC group (P

Objective To investigate the alteration in intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-l mRNA expression on the surface of human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by LPS stimulation and the effects of hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution (HHS) . Methods HUVECs were enzymatically isolated and cultured in RPMI 1640 culture medium at 37℃ for about 7 days when a monolayer of endothelial cells has grown. The primarily cultured HUVECs were mixed with LPS 100ng/ml and incubated at 37℃ for 30min, 1,4,8, 12and 24 h. 10%NaCl and 10% hydroxyethyl starch (Fresenius) were added to RPMI 1640culture medium. The HHS concentrations were 0.25% and 0.5% respectively. HUVECs were first incubated with either HHS (0.25% , 0.5% ) or isotonic solution for 10 min, 1h and 4h and then stimulated by LPS for 4h. The ICAM-1 mRNA was measured by reverse transcriptase-PCR. Results There was slight expression of ICAM-1 mRNA on the surface of HUVECs in normal condition. ICAM-1 mRNA expression began to increase at 1h exposure to LPS and reached peak value at 4h. Both 0.25% and 0.5% HHS could prevent the LPS-induced ICAM-1 mRNA up-regulation (P

Objective To investigate the effect of hypertonic-hyperoncotic solution (HHS) on CD11b expression on the surface of human neutrophils which are stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. Methods Neutrophils were isolated from fresh peripheral venous blood of healthy volunteers aged 20-4oyr find incubated with LPS 100 ng/ml al 37℃ in 5% CO2 incubator for 15, 30, 60min, 4, 12 or 24h. HHS was prepared with 10%NaCl and 10% hydroxyethyl starch. Neutrophils were incubated with 0.25% or 0.5%HHS for 10min, 1h or 4h. Some of the HHS treated neutrophils were further subjected to LPS stimulation for 30 mm. CDllb on the surface of neutrophils were measured by using immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Results CD11b expression on neutrophils increased significantly after being exposed to LPS for 15min (P