ObjectiveTo investigate the serum concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] in the second-trimester women in winter and explore its correlation with age and blood hemoglobin level. Methods The blood samples of 78 second-trimester women were collected during the 24-28 gestational weeks. Serum 25 (OH) D and blood hemoglobin levels were measured. The correlations of serum 25 (OH) D with age and blood hemoglobin levels were analyzed by Pearson correlation. ResultsOf the 78 pregnant women, the rates of vitamin D deficiency ( ≤25.0 nmol/L), insufficiency [25.0 nmol/L ＜ 25(OH) D≤50.0 nmol/L], and sufficiency were 65.38％, 30.77％, and 3.85％, respectively. Serum concentration of 25 (OH) D was positively correlated with blood hemoglobin level ( r =0.2746, P =0.015 ). ConclusionVitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is common among the second-trimester women in winter, especially among those with low hemoglobin level.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of vitreoretinal surgery for the treatment of complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and to study the correlated factors affecting the surgical outcomes. Methods Complete follow up data from 103 patients (eyes) with complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated with vitreoretinal surgery were analyzed retrospectively. Conditions of the eyes included macular hole in 21 eyes [with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) stage C2 or more serious in 12 eyes], giant hole in 11 eyes, and PVR stage C2 to D3 in 71 eyes. Filling with C3F8 was performed in 82 eyes, and silicone oil in 21 eyes. A follow up for 3-18 months was conducted. Results The reattachment of retina was achieved in 99 eyes (96.1%) and functional success in 68 eyes (66.0%). In eyes with functional success, visual acuity of 0.02-0.08 was achieved in 18 eyes, 0 1-0 4 in 39 eyes, 0.5-0.9 in 10 eyes, and 1.0 in 1 eye. Conclusion Vitreoretinal surgery is an effective way for the management of complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Early surgery may result in satisfactory surgical outcomes.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous hemofiltration in patients with acute renal injury induced by rhabdomyolysis and summarize the nursing experience.Methods Ten patients with acute kidney injury induced by rhabdomyolysis were managed with continuous hemofiltration,corresponding nursing care performed.Results After treatment,the renal function of 7 patients resumed normal,the function of 2 were improved,and only 1 needed long-term hemodialysis.After treatment,the levels of serum creatine phosphokinase(CPK),myoglobin(Mb),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Scr),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were gradually decreased,K+resumed normal and urine volume increased to normal level,with significant difference as compared to those before treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions Continuous hemofiltration together with pertinent nursing measures can ensure the curative effect.It is of great significance for improving the prognosis of rhabdomyolysis.

BACKGROUND:Many in vivo and in vitro experiments indicate that hypoxic co-cultures promote stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of hypoxia on the chondrogenic differentiation of three-dimensional co-cultured adipose-derived stem cells and articular chondrocytes.
METHODS:Adipose-derived stem cells and articular chondrocytes were mixed at the ratio of 3:1, then the mixed cells were seeded onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-gelatin scaffold at the ultimate concentration of 5.0×1010/L. The cells were cultured in normoxia (20%O 2 ) and hypoxic (5%O 2 ) conditions for 6 weeks. After culture, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed for histological structure analysis, and alcian blue staining was used to evaluate glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Type II col agen expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. The content of DNA, glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline in the scaffold-cellcomplex was measured.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the hypoxia group, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the formation of massive cells and extracellular matrix;alcian blue staining showed massive glycosaminoglycan formation;immunohistochemistry staining detected strongly positive expression of col agen type II, the content of DNA, glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline was higher than the normoxia group. Hypoxia promotes in vitro chondrogenic differentiation of co-cultured adipose-derived stem cells and articular chondrocytes. .

Objective To quantifying the urine human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)DNA from the HCMV infection infants and its corresponding liver function indications,and investigate the relationship between their concentrations.Methods The u-rine samples were collected from HCMV infection infants.HCMV DNA was measured by fluorescence quantitative polymer-ase chain reaction (FQ-PCR).Serum ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,T-Bil and D-Bil liver function indications were detected and the positive rate was analyzed,simultaneously.The correlation between the logarithm urine HCMV DNA (log HCMV DNA) concentration and ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,T-Bil and D-Bil were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results The dis-tribution range ofurine log HCMV DNA in 444 HCMV infection infants was <2.70~7.90;the positive rate of serum ALT, AST,ALP,GGT,T-Bil and D-Bil were 24.8%,59.0%,95.7%,31.1%,16.7% and 16.3%,respectively.The urine log HC-MV DNA was associated with GGT and the correlation coefficient was 0.099 (P < 0.05),but no associated with ALT, AST,ALP,T-Bil and D-Bil.Conclusion The positive rate of liver function indications will rise in HCMV infection infants, the urine log HCMV DNA was associated with GGT,but not associated with other liver function indications.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),glutamate pyruvate transaminase (AST),and cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase (CSF LDH) in adult patients with acute central nervous system infection.Methods The levels of myocardial enzymes (AST,LDH,and CK) in serum of 96 adult patients with acute intracranial infection in 7days and 39 healthy people were measured by Beckman automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme rate assay,and CSF LDH level in 96 patients were measured simultaneously.Results (1) The serum myocardial enzymes (LDH,CK,and AST) of intracranial infection group (47 cases with viral encephalitis,30 cases with tuberculous meningitis,and 19 cases with purulent encephalitis) were significantly higher than those of normal control group (P ＜0.01).(2)The myocardial enzymes (LDH,and AST ) of patients with cerebral functional disorder were significantly higher than those of patients with normal cerebral function (P ＜0.05).(3)The levels of serum AST,LDH,and CK in the virus encephalitis group,serum AST and LDH in the purulent encephalitis group,and serum LDH in the tuberculous meningitis group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).The CSF LDH level in the viral meningitis group was prominently lower than that in the tuberculous encephalitis group and purulent encephalitis group,respectively (P ＜0.01).(4) No correlations were found between CSF LDH and serum myocardial enzymes (P ＞0.05).Conclusions (1)There is significant change in the levels of serum LDH,CK,AST,and CSF LDH of adult patients with acute intracranial infection,especially in infected patients with cerebral functional disorder,and the change of LDH is the most obvious.(2)The levels of serum myocardial enzymes and CSF LDH are helpful to the differential diagnosis of intracranial infection in early stage,and judging the severity of the illness.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:TostudytheeffectofsmallinterferingRNA(siRNA)ontheexpressionofbeta2-microglo-bulin (β2M) in pre-differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).METHODS: The β2M siRNA was transfected into the pre-differentiated BMSCs with Lipofectamine 2000.BMSCs were divided into transfection group , blank control group and negative control group .The expression of β2 M at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time qPCR, Western blotting and laser confocal microscopy .The productions of aggrecan and type II collagen in pre-differentia-ted BMSCs were determined by toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱcollagen immunofluorescence .RESULTS:The results of real-time qPCR, Western blotting and laser confocal microscopy showed that siRNA successfully inhibited the expression ofβ2 M at mRNA and protein levels in the pre-differentiated BMSCs .The results of toluidine blue and type Ⅱcollagen im-munofluorescence staining showed that siRNA does not affect the productions of aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen in the pre-differentiated BMSCs .CONCLUSION:siRNA targeting β2 M reduces the expression of β2 M in the pre-differentiated BM-SCs and does not affect the chondrocyte characteristics of pre -differentiated BMSCs .

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toinvestigatetheinhibitoryeffectsofresveratrolonchondrosarcomaandtherelationwith mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt pathways.METHODS:Chondrosarcoma SW1353 cells were treated with resveratrol at con-centrations of 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L for the time intervals of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h.The viability and apoptosis of the SW1353 cells in the presence or absence of resveratrol were analyzed by CCK 8 assay and Hoechst 33258 staining , respec-tively.The protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, activated caspase-3, Akt and p-Akt were detected by Western blotting .The cell migration ability was determined by wound scratch assay .RESULTS:Exposure of the cells to resveratrol resulted in a de-crease in the cell viability in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P<0.05).visible nuclei with apoptotic characteristics in resveratrol group were observed .The protein levels of activated caspase-3 and Bax were increased , and Bcl-2 and p-Akt were decreased compared with control group .The total Akt were not significantly changed .Resveratrol also significantly re-duced the migration of tumor cells .CONCLUSION:Resveratrol induces apoptosis of chondrosarcoma , which plays a role of part through mitochondrial and PI 3K/Akt signaling pathways .

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of gastroduodenal damages induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methods One hundred and eighty-four patients who were prescribed NSA1Ds for long time in rheumatology and cardiovascular clinics were enrolled. Clinical data such as age, sex, medication history and body mass index were recorded. The lesions were estimated by endoscopy and the specimens were tested for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Results Peptic ulcer was found in 63 (34. 24%) patients including gastric ulcer in 22, duodenal ulcer in 34 and compound ulcer in 7. The endoscopic examination showed that 57 out of 121 patients without peptic ulcer had ≥3 erosive lesions. Logistic regression analysis revealed that H. pylori infection was important risk factor that induced the peptic ulcer in those who were taking NSAIDs for long time (OR = 13. 86, 95% CI: 6. 53 ～ 29. 43). The incidence of gastroduodenal damage was similar in patients taking NSAIDs and low dose aspirin (OR =0.45,95CI:0.16～ 1.28). Conclusions NSAIDs may cause gastroduodenal damages in long-term users and H. pylori infection was an important risk factor. The effect of low dose aspirin on gastroduodenal damages is as same as NSAIDs.

Objectives To evaluate accurately hepatocyte injury degree of severe hepatitis patients by quantifying plasma DNA of severe hepatitis patients and study its clinical application in diagnosis of severe hepatitis comparing with ALT.Methods Six milliliters of peripheral blood samples were collected from 185 patients with hepatitis B which are divided into four groups, severe hepatitis with 30 cases, acute hepatitis with 20 cases, chronic B hepatitis with 90 cases, and liver cirrhosis with 45 cases. 100 healthy controls were enrolled. Circulating DNA was extracted from plasma by the BILATEST virus DNA/RNA extraction kit and quantified with a novel duplex real-time PCR assay, respectively.Results Plasma DNA levels of hepatitis B patients were significantly higher than those of healthy controls (104.2 ng/ml vs. 23.4 ng/ml (median),P=0.0000).A significant difference of plasma DNA concentration was found between severe hepatitis and acute hepatitis (P=0.0018), and chronic B hepatitis (P=0.0000), and liver cirrhosis (P=0.0000).The median value of serum ALT of hepatitis B patients was 107.5 U/L, much higher than that of the healthy controls (24.1 U/L,P=0.0000).The levels of serum ALT were significantly different between severe hepatitis and acute hepatitis (P=0.0024), while there was no remarkable difference between severe hepatitis and chronic B hepatitis (P=0.0600), liver cirrhosis (P=1.0000). Moreover, for distinguishing severe hepatitis from liver cirrhosis and chronic B hepatitis, the plasma DNA assay was notably superior to ALT by the analysis of receive operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC, 0.95 vs. 0.51,P=0.0000; 0.86 vs. 0.34,P=0.0000).Conclusion The results by measuring plasma DNA of hepatitis B patients with the novel duplex real-time quantitative PCR showed that plasma DNA may be considered as a robust predictive marker for accurately evaluating hepatocyte injury degree of severe hepatitis patients.