Objective To evaluate the inhibitive effect of tea polyphenol on the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HONE1 cell xenograft in nude mice ,and to explore the underlying mechanisms .Methods Tumor model was established by subcu‐taneous inoculation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell HONE1 into nude mice ,was used to evaluate the antitumor effect of tea poly‐phenol in vivo .The expression levels of VEGF were detected by real‐time PCR and western blot .Results The growth of xenograft in nude mice was significantly suppressed after application of tea polyphenol at a dose‐dependent manner .To compare with control group ,the inhibition rates were 18 .82% (P<0 .05) and 47 .66% (P<0 .05)when treated at low and high dose respectively ,With in‐creased concentration of TP ,the inhibition rates increased .Real‐time fluorescence quantitative‐PCR and western blot results showed that the expression of VEGF decreased at a dose‐dependent manner .The change of high dose group was obviously ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Tea polyphenol could significantly inhibit the growth of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma HONE1 cell xenograft in nude mice ,probably by down regulating the VEGF protein level to inhibit tumor angiogenesis effects .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and mechanism of tea polyphenol (TP) on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) cell line HONEl. METHOD: After treated with different concentration of tea polyphenol, CCK-8 assay, fluorescent staining, cell scratching assay and transwell assay were applied to detect the effect of tea polyphenol on the HONE1 cells. Furthermore, the expression of protein VEGF was investigated by flow cytometry assay. RESULT: It was found that tea polyphenol could inhibit NPC cell proliferation significantly in a dose-dependent manner, however, little impact was observed in normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line NP69. Furthermore, it was demonstrated by fluorescent staining assay that tea polyphenol could induce NPC cell apoptosis, and cell scratching assay and transwell assay showed that tea polyphenol could inhibit cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSION Tea polyphenol can significantly inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell apoptosis and decreased the migration and invasion ability of NPC cells in vitro. Tea polyphenol might be a tumor suppressor of NPC cells.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Polyphenols ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of laminaria japonica polysaccharides(LJP) and tea polyphenols (TP) on nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) cells HONE1 and CNE2, and further to explore the underlying mechanism of antitumor activity of LJP on NPC cell in vivo. METHOD: To identify the logarithmic growth phase of NPC cells HONE1 and CNE2 through cell growth curve and doubling time by means of MTT, then inhibition of the cells proliferation were detected with LJP and TP separately and combined. With LJP treatment, cell apoptosis of HONE1 was examined by double staining assay. A tumor model,established by subcutaneously inoculation of NPC cell HONE1 into nude mice,was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of LJP in vivo. RESULT: Both LJP and TP had inhibition effect on two groups of cell proliferation, and LJP and TP combined effect of inhibition were higher than the two separate on two sets of experimental cell proliferation, whose effect was concentration-dependent. LJP could induce apoptosis of HONE1. With the increasing concentration of LJP, apoptosis rate increased. The apoptosis rate was(49.51 +/- 1. 89) % (P<0. 01) when treated with 320 mg/L LJP. The inhibition rate was between 50% to 60% at 72 h after treatment with 320 mg/L LJP. Compared to control group, the growth of xenografts in nude mice was significantly suppressed after administration of LJP at a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition rates were 33. 7%(P<0. 05)and 47. 0%(P<0. 01) when treated with 25.0 mg/kg and 50. O mg/kg respectively. Whereas the inhibition rate of 12.5 mg/kg group was only 16. 4%(P>0. 05). CONCLUSION LJP and TP can inhibit the proliferation of NPC cells HONE1 and CNE2 respectively,and combined use has a significant effect. LJP can inhibit the growth of NPC probably by inducing apoptosis of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo.
Animals ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Laminaria ; chemistry ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Polyphenols ; pharmacology ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant in the treatment of upper facial flatness.Methods:From July 2018 to September 2019, 42 cases aged from 20-32 (25.1±3.1) years old underwent superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant. According to the anatomical characteristics of supraorbital margin and superciliary arch, A 7 mm surgical incision at the lower edge of the bilateral eyebrow tail was designed. The space was dissected close to the surface of superciliary arch bone and the carved silicone implant in accordance with the shape of the space was implanted. The effective part of the silicone implant was the lower edge, with a thickness of 2-7 mm. The middle part of of the silicone implant was the uppermost, corresponding to the inner third of the eyebrow. Each side of the implant had a small hole to allow tissues to grow in. The silicone implant at the eyebrow tail was sutured and fixed to the periosteum, and the vaseline gauze was packaged and sutured for external fixation at the eyebrow head. Photographs were taken and analyzed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at 6-18 months follow-up after surgery. Postoperative satisfaction was scored by patients, surgeons and laypersons according to the Likert 5 scale. SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used for statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results:42 cases were followed up from 6 to 18 (9.0±3.2) months. 1case developed aseptic inflammation 6 months after surgery, and the implant was removed. Four cases were not satisfied with the facial contour and underwent revision surgery. 1 patient developed hematoma, which was absorbed 2 weeks after surgery. The other cases were all satisfied with the results, which were significantly improved compared with the preoperative profiles. The superciliary arch and the upper facial contour were more three-dimensionally defined and the face was more harmonious during the follow-up. All cases had normal expression. No capsular contracture, wound dehiscence and nerve injury occurred. The thickness of the implant (lower edge) was 2-7 mm[(4.53±0.77) mm]. Postoperative satisfaction score: the patient was 2.5-5.0 points, median 4.60(4.38, 4.85)points, doctors was 4.2-5.0 points, mean 4.85(4.70, 4.90)points, third-party was 3.7-5.0 points, median 4.80(4.66, 4.90)points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction rate among the three groups ( H=9.978, P=0.007). There was statistical difference in satisfaction between patients and surgeons ( H=9.978, P=0.009), patients and third-party ( H=9.978, P=0.049). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between surgeons and third-party ( H=9.978, P=1.000). Conclusions:The superciliary arch augmentation can effectively reshape the facial contour, providing a more refined and three-dimensional face contour. Silicone implant can reliably enhance the superciliary arch and is the first choice for the superciliary arch augmentation. Full understanding of patients’ request, individualized surgery designare the keys to achieve satisfactory results of silicone implant superciliary arch augmentation.

Objective:To investigate a new method for the reconstruction of hemifacial microsomia by sagittal osteotomy of the affected mandibular outer cortex combined with bone graft of mandibular outer cortex from healthy side.Methods:From March 2006 to March 2023, the clinical data of patients with hemifacial microsomia admitted to the Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. Preoperative diagnosis and surgical design were performed based on clinical manifestations and imaging findings. All cases were operated under general anesthesia. The affected mandibular outer cortex was previously split by an intraoral approach, and then the mandibular outer cortex of appropriate shape and size on the healthy side was harvested and grafted into the split bone space according to the preoperative design, following by internal rigid fixation. Complications, facial appearance improvement, and patient satisfaction were followed up. Photographs were taken preoperative, immediately postoperative and at the long-term(last) postoperative follow-up, and the severity of the deformity was analyzed. CT data from preoperative, immediate postoperative, and long-term follow-up visits were imported into Surgicase Proplan medical three-dimensional image workstation in Dicom format. The mandible was reconstructed using Segmentation, and the thickness of the mandible was measured during pre-operative, immediate post-operative and long-term follow-up visits. Anova with repeated measurement design was used to compare measurements and LSD test was used for multiple comparisons. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used to statistically analyze malformation severity. P< 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 39 patients were included in this study, including 13 females and 26 males, with an average age of (22.21±4.57) years (15-27 years). All patients were followed up for an average of (45.56±39.41) months (6-153 months) after surgery. The grafted mandibular outer cortex grows well with the adjacent bone tissue, and the mandibular angle and mandibular body are significantly wider. Of the 39 cases, 1 developed an infection 1 year after surgery, the titanium plate was exposed, and the patient healed after debridement and removal of the immobilizing splint. The facial appearance of the other patients improved significantly. Preoperative, immediate postoperative and long term follow up of mandibular thickness measurements were compared in pairs, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The patient’s appearance satisfaction score: the preoperative score was [2.0(1.5, 2.0)] points, the immediate postoperative score was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points, the score of the last postoperative follow up was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction among the three groups ( P<0.01). The preoperative scores were compared with the scores of the immediate postoperative and the last postoperative follow-up respectively, and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between the immediate postoperative score and the score of the last postoperative follow up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The sagittal splitting osteotomy of the mandibular outer cortex is consistent with the features of mandibular anatomy, and provides a good condition for the grafting and healing of autogenous bone. Removing the outer cortex of the mandible on the healthy side not only increases the thickness of the affected side, but also decreases the width of the angle of the mandible on the healthy side, so as to effectively correct the asymmetric deformity of the mandible. The method is simple, with few complications and good results, and is one of the ideal treatments to correct hemofacial microsomia.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant in the treatment of upper facial flatness.Methods:From July 2018 to September 2019, 42 cases aged from 20-32 (25.1±3.1) years old underwent superciliary arch augmentation with silicone implant. According to the anatomical characteristics of supraorbital margin and superciliary arch, A 7 mm surgical incision at the lower edge of the bilateral eyebrow tail was designed. The space was dissected close to the surface of superciliary arch bone and the carved silicone implant in accordance with the shape of the space was implanted. The effective part of the silicone implant was the lower edge, with a thickness of 2-7 mm. The middle part of of the silicone implant was the uppermost, corresponding to the inner third of the eyebrow. Each side of the implant had a small hole to allow tissues to grow in. The silicone implant at the eyebrow tail was sutured and fixed to the periosteum, and the vaseline gauze was packaged and sutured for external fixation at the eyebrow head. Photographs were taken and analyzed preoperatively, immediately after surgery, and at 6-18 months follow-up after surgery. Postoperative satisfaction was scored by patients, surgeons and laypersons according to the Likert 5 scale. SPSS Statistics 21.0 was used for statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, and P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results:42 cases were followed up from 6 to 18 (9.0±3.2) months. 1case developed aseptic inflammation 6 months after surgery, and the implant was removed. Four cases were not satisfied with the facial contour and underwent revision surgery. 1 patient developed hematoma, which was absorbed 2 weeks after surgery. The other cases were all satisfied with the results, which were significantly improved compared with the preoperative profiles. The superciliary arch and the upper facial contour were more three-dimensionally defined and the face was more harmonious during the follow-up. All cases had normal expression. No capsular contracture, wound dehiscence and nerve injury occurred. The thickness of the implant (lower edge) was 2-7 mm[(4.53±0.77) mm]. Postoperative satisfaction score: the patient was 2.5-5.0 points, median 4.60(4.38, 4.85)points, doctors was 4.2-5.0 points, mean 4.85(4.70, 4.90)points, third-party was 3.7-5.0 points, median 4.80(4.66, 4.90)points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction rate among the three groups ( H=9.978, P=0.007). There was statistical difference in satisfaction between patients and surgeons ( H=9.978, P=0.009), patients and third-party ( H=9.978, P=0.049). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between surgeons and third-party ( H=9.978, P=1.000). Conclusions:The superciliary arch augmentation can effectively reshape the facial contour, providing a more refined and three-dimensional face contour. Silicone implant can reliably enhance the superciliary arch and is the first choice for the superciliary arch augmentation. Full understanding of patients’ request, individualized surgery designare the keys to achieve satisfactory results of silicone implant superciliary arch augmentation.

Objective:To investigate a new method for the reconstruction of hemifacial microsomia by sagittal osteotomy of the affected mandibular outer cortex combined with bone graft of mandibular outer cortex from healthy side.Methods:From March 2006 to March 2023, the clinical data of patients with hemifacial microsomia admitted to the Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were analyzed retrospectively. Preoperative diagnosis and surgical design were performed based on clinical manifestations and imaging findings. All cases were operated under general anesthesia. The affected mandibular outer cortex was previously split by an intraoral approach, and then the mandibular outer cortex of appropriate shape and size on the healthy side was harvested and grafted into the split bone space according to the preoperative design, following by internal rigid fixation. Complications, facial appearance improvement, and patient satisfaction were followed up. Photographs were taken preoperative, immediately postoperative and at the long-term(last) postoperative follow-up, and the severity of the deformity was analyzed. CT data from preoperative, immediate postoperative, and long-term follow-up visits were imported into Surgicase Proplan medical three-dimensional image workstation in Dicom format. The mandible was reconstructed using Segmentation, and the thickness of the mandible was measured during pre-operative, immediate post-operative and long-term follow-up visits. Anova with repeated measurement design was used to compare measurements and LSD test was used for multiple comparisons. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used to statistically analyze malformation severity. P< 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 39 patients were included in this study, including 13 females and 26 males, with an average age of (22.21±4.57) years (15-27 years). All patients were followed up for an average of (45.56±39.41) months (6-153 months) after surgery. The grafted mandibular outer cortex grows well with the adjacent bone tissue, and the mandibular angle and mandibular body are significantly wider. Of the 39 cases, 1 developed an infection 1 year after surgery, the titanium plate was exposed, and the patient healed after debridement and removal of the immobilizing splint. The facial appearance of the other patients improved significantly. Preoperative, immediate postoperative and long term follow up of mandibular thickness measurements were compared in pairs, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The patient’s appearance satisfaction score: the preoperative score was [2.0(1.5, 2.0)] points, the immediate postoperative score was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points, the score of the last postoperative follow up was [4.0(4.0, 4.0)] points. There was statistical difference in satisfaction among the three groups ( P<0.01). The preoperative scores were compared with the scores of the immediate postoperative and the last postoperative follow-up respectively, and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.01). There was no statistical significance in satisfaction between the immediate postoperative score and the score of the last postoperative follow up ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The sagittal splitting osteotomy of the mandibular outer cortex is consistent with the features of mandibular anatomy, and provides a good condition for the grafting and healing of autogenous bone. Removing the outer cortex of the mandible on the healthy side not only increases the thickness of the affected side, but also decreases the width of the angle of the mandible on the healthy side, so as to effectively correct the asymmetric deformity of the mandible. The method is simple, with few complications and good results, and is one of the ideal treatments to correct hemofacial microsomia.

OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily verify the effectiveness of self-designed artificial condyle-mandibular distraction (AC-MD) complex in the treatment of Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ hemifacial microsomia (HFM) through model test. METHODS: Five children with Pruzansky type ⅡB and Ⅲ HFM who were treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) between December 2016 and December 2021 were selected as the subjects. There were 3 boys and 2 girls wih an average age of 8.4 years (range, 6-10 years). Virtual surgery and model test of AC-MD complex were performed according to preoperative skull CT of children. The model was obtained by three-dimensional (3D) printing according to the children's CT data at a ratio of 1∶1. The occlusal guide plate was designed and 3D printed according to the children's toothpaste model. The results of the model test and the virtual surgery were matched in three dimensions to calculate the error of the residual condyle on the affected side, and the model test was matched with the actual skull CT after MDO to measure and compare the inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible. RESULTS: The error of residual condyle was (1.07±0.78) mm. The inclination rotation of the mandible, the distance between the condylar of the healthy side and the residual condyle of the affected side, and the lengthening length of the mandible after 3D printing model test were significantly larger than those after MDO ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION In the model test, the implantation of AC-MD complex can immediately rotate the mandible to the horizontal position and improve facial symmetry, and the residual condyle segment can be guided close to the articular fossa or the preset pseudoarticular position of the skull base after operation.
Male ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Goldenhar Syndrome/surgery* ; Mandible/surgery* ; Osteogenesis, Distraction/methods* ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Facial Asymmetry/surgery*