Objective To investigate the effects of salvianolate lyophilized injection(SLI) on neural functional recovery and the expression of microtubule associated protein-2(MAP2) after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in the diabetic rats.Methods Diabetes model was made by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by Longa suture occluded method in the middle cerebral artery of diabetic rats.The rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group, model group, SLI (21.0 mg.kg-1,10.5 mg.kg-1) treatment groups, and edaravone (6 mg.kg-1) treatment group.3 hours after ischemia,rats were respectively given normal saline or drugs followed by the injection once a day for 14 days and the neurological impairment was assessed.2 h after the last injection,the rats were decapitated and the brains were collected.The expression of MAP2 protein and mRNA in the bilateral hippocampal ischemia and infarcted area was detected with immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.Results Severe neurological dysfunction was found in diabetic rats that had been subjected to cerebral ischemic injury (1.850±0.457).A significant improvement on neurological function was found in the SLI treatment groups (1.581 ± 0.314, 1.345 ± 0.425) compared with model group(P＜0.01, P＜0.05).Moreover,the expression of MAP2 in ischemia bilateral hippocampal CA1 and penumbra was represented by the average optical density value respectively (0.743±0.250,0.561± 0.224).In the hippocampal CA1 region, the number of MAP2-positive cells (0.781 ± 0.420 , 0.851 ± 0.136) in the treatment group showed significant increase than those in model group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05).In the ischemic penumbra region,the number of MAP2-positive cells (0.753±0.235,1.203±0.326) in the treatment group showed significant increase than those in model group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05).Conclusion The SLI can promote the post-injury neurocognitive function in diabetic rats.The increase of MAP2 expression may be involved in the mechanisms.

This study preliminarily discussed the TCM syndrome types of myasthenia gravis (or flaccidity) and its treatments and prescriptions through consensus method,providing evidence and level revision of the recommended expert consensus of myasthenia gravis in TCM clinical practice guideline.Literatures over TCM syndrome types,symptoms,therapeutic regime,medication and acupuncture were involved in the syndrome analysis of myasthenia gravis through literature retrieval.The common clinical syndromes were outputted by mentioned rate.Ten first-rate hospitals were finally included,such as The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Province Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital and Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Twelve experts in aggregate were confirmed to participate in the discussion for the identification of the TCM syndrome types,treatments and prescriptions of myasthenia gravis.As a result,five TCM syndrome types,such as syndrome of spleen and stomach qi deficiency,syndrome of spleen-kidney deficiency,deficiency syndrome of both qi and yin,syndrome of deficiency and sinking of qi,were confirmed;while five therapeutic regimes were approved,including reinforcement of qi,tonification of spleen and stomach,tonification of spleen and kidney qi,tonification of qi and yin,the supplement of qi and restoration of yang for ascending qi collapse.In addition,five prescriptions were supported by the experts,such as Bu Zhong Yi Qi (BZYQ) decoction,BZYQ decoction combined with You Gui pills,BZYQ decoction combined with Sheng Mai powders and Sheng Xian decoction.In conclusion,the expert consensus method for the screen of TCM syndrome types of myasthenia gravis embodied the conception of literature research based on the clinical practice combined with the scientific methods in conformity with the current research approaches to TCM syndrome types.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of cortactin antibody in myasthenia gravis (MG).Methods Cortactin antibody in the serum of 100 MG patients, 40 normal controls and 40 other neuroimmune diseases patients was examined by Western blotting and ELISA using purified recombinant human protein cortactin as antigen .Acetylcholine receptor antibody ( AchR-ab ) and muscle specific kinase antibody (MuSK-ab) were parallely measured by ELISA.Results Antibodies to cortactin were found in nine (9％) serum samples of 100 MG patients.Four of the nine cortactin antibody positive sera were also positive for AChR-ab.The rest five MG patients only had antibodies against cortactin ( no detectable AChR-ab or MuSK-ab).None of the control subjects (including 40 normal controls and 40 other neuroimmune diseases patients ) had cortactin antibodies.Most (7/9) of the cortactin antibody positive MG patients presented with early-onset subgroup.Patients only with cortactin antibodies did not appear to have thymoma.Patients with MG who had both AChR and cortactin antibodies showed maximum involvement of muscles and severe Osserman's classification ( three cases of type ⅡB and one case of type Ⅳ) . Conclusion Cortactin antibody may be a new antibody for MG , which can provide clues for further exploring the potential pathogenic mechanisms of the disease .

Alzheimer's disease （AD） is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that belongs to the category of dementia in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. According to the TCM theory， phlegm， dampness， stasis， and toxin are the major factors inducing the occurrence and development of AD. The application of aromatic Chinese medicines to remove the combined phlegm， dampness， stasis， and toxin is an important TCM method for treating AD. Aquaporins （AQPs） are involved in the water metabolism of the central nervous system （CNS）， playing a role in the water balance of CNS. Therefore， AQPs are deeply involved in the occurrence and development of AD. AQPs may be the key targets of a variety of aromatic Chinese medicines. From the intrinsic relationship between AQPs and AD-inducing factors （phlegm， dampness， stasis， and toxin）， this study explores the modern medical connotation of treating AD with aromatic Chinese medicines， aiming to provide ideas for the prevention and treatment of AD with TCM.