Objective To investigate the effect of cyclin A antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASON) on mediating proliferation of K562 cell. Method After in vitro co-culture of cyclin A ASON with K562 cell, cyclin A protein expression levels were measured by flow cytometry. Cell growth was detected by trypan blue dye exclusion and colony-forming experiment. Results In cyclin A ASON group, cyclin A protein expression was significantly inhibited, compared to those in sense oligodeoxynucleotide (SON) group and blank group. Moreover, when the ASON concentration increased, the proliferation ratio of K562 cells and the CFU- K562 were significantly inhibited. Conclusion Cyclin A ASON can specifically inhibit cyclin A protein expression as well as inhibit the K562 cell proliferation and can lead to leukemic cell apoptosis. The effect of cyclin A ASON is concentration dependent.

AIM: To investigate the effect of cyclin B1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASON) with liposomal transfection on proliferation of HL60 cells. METHODS: After cyclin B1 ASON with liposomal transfection was used in vitro co-culture with HL60 cells,the protein and mRNA expression levels of cyclin B1 were measured by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. The cell apoptosis was detected by electron microscopy, in situ cell apoptosis detection kit (POD),DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry. RESULTS: In cyclin B1 ASON group the protein and mRNA expression levels of cyclin B1 were significantly inhibited than those in sense oligodeoxynucleotide (SON) group and blank group. Morever,when the ASON concentration increased,the proliferation ratio of HL60 cells and CFU-HL60 clony unit were also significantly inhibited. The apoptosis of HL60 cells was also observed. CONCLUSION: Cyclin B1 ASON specifically inhibited its protein and mRNA expression levels as well as the HL60 cell proliferations and induced leukemia cell apoptosis. It's effect depended upon the concentration of ASON.

Currently, transgenic crops create huge economic, social and ecological benefits with the development of its commercial production. For China, the speed of development and commercialization of transgenic crops is a strategic issue for the sustainable agriculture development and the international competitiveness of our agricultural products. In this paper, we compared and analyzed the status of commercialization of transgenic crops in China and world-wide.
Agriculture ; methods ; trends ; China ; Crops, Agricultural ; genetics ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; trends ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; genetics

Objective:To observe the effect of fluoride on growth and development of bone microstructure of rats condyle subchondral bone (RCSB).Methods:Forty two 3-week-old SD rats (half male and half female) were fed adaptively for 1 week, and 3 females and 3 males were sacrificed and recorded as 0 month. The remaining rats were randomly divided into control group ( n = 18) and fluoride exposed group ( n = 18) according to their body weight (55 - 70 g), half male and half female. The fluoride exposed group was fed with 150 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF) aqueous solution, and the control group was fed with tap water. The two groups of experimental animals were sacrificed at 3, 5 and 7 month, respectively, 6 rats in each group, half male and half female. The right mandibular condyle was separated, and Micro CT scanning was performed to detect the microstructure parameters of RCSB. Results:In fluoride exposed group (3 month), bone surface/tissue volume (BS/TV), bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Tb.N), structure model index (SMI), connectivity, connectivity density (Conn.D) and total porosity of female rats were significantly different from those of male rats ( t = - 5.10, - 5.58, 4.52, - 4.32, - 4.03, - 2.81, - 6.71, - 3.32, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in each index between female and male rats in fluoride exposed group (5, 7 month, P > 0.05). Conclusion:In chronic fluorine exposure bone environment, the RCSB bone microarchitecture of male and female rats is different with time, showing the tendency of fluoride injury that the bone changes of female rats are slowed and the bone changes of male rats are active.

Objective:To prospectively follow up the patients with ileocecal inflammatory lesions, to explore the characteristics of Crohn′s disease(CD) at early stage, and to provide references for early diagnosis of CD.Methods:From January 2013 to December 2018, at Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 232 patients with unexplained ileocecal inflammatory lesions under colonoscopy examination were enrolled, which were followed up for more than one year. Chi-square test and Fisher exact probability text were used to compare the patients with early CD, with non-specific enteritis and intestinal tuberculosis in abdominal symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhea, abdominal distension, constipation, hematochezia, changes in bowel habits), accompanying symptoms (oral ulcer, arthralgia), the proportion of patients with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) level, serum antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA), anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA), tuberculosis infection of T cells spot test, positive rate of fecal occult blood, lesion size, morphology, involvement site under endoscopy and histopathological results. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of early CD.Results:Among 232 patients, 155 were males and 77 were females, and the age of first diagnosis was (43.9±13.8) years old. The follow-up period (range) was 27 months (12 to 79 months). Twenty-nine cases (12.5%) were diagnosed as early CD, 45 cases (19.4%) were intestinal tuberculosis, 105 cases (45.3%) were non-specific enteritis, and 53 cases (22.8%) as undetermined. All of 29 patients with early CD had abdominal symptoms, which accounted for 16.9% (29/172) of 172 patients with ileoceccal inflammatory lesion as well as abdominal symptoms. In early CD patients, the proportions of patients with abdominal pain, elevated CRP level and ESR level, positive rate of ASCA, positive rate of tuberculosis infection T cells and percentage of patients with thickened intestinal wall were all higher than those in patients with non-specific enteritis (62.1%, 18/29 vs. 33.3%, 35/105; 13.8%, 4/29 vs. 0; 13.8%, 4/29 vs. 1.0%, 1/105; 24.1%, 7/29 vs. 1.0%, 1/105; 20.7%, 6/29 vs. 3.8%, 4/105; 95.7%, 22/23 vs. 0), and the proportion of patients without abdominal symptoms was lower than that of patients with non-specific enteritis (0 vs. 31.4%, 33/105). And the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=6.692, Fisher exact probability text, χ2=7.162, χ2=17.826, χ2=7.497, Fisher exact probability text, and Fisher exact probability text, all P<0.05). Early CD patients were more likely to have multiple lesion sites (55.2%, 16/29), and mainly deep ulcers (55.2%, 16/29) and ulcers with a long diameter of 5 to 10 mm (39.3%, 11/28). The lesions of non-specific enteritis were mostly confined to the end of ileum (75.2%, 79/105), which were mainly superficial ulcers (41.0%, 43/105) and ulcers with a long diameter less than 5 mm (69.0%, 49/71). The proportion of patients without abdominal symptoms and the positive rate of tuberculosis infection of T cells spot test of early CD patients were both lower than those of intestinal tuberculosis group (0 vs. 15.6%, 7/45 and 20.7%, 6/29 vs. 68.9%, 31/45). The positive rate of ASCA and the proportion of patients with thickened intestinal wall were higher than those of intestinal tuberculosis group (24.1%, 7/29 vs. 0 and 95.7%, 22/23 vs. 11/19), and the differences were statistically significant (Fisher exact probability text, χ2=13.713, Fisher exact probability text and χ2=6.710, all P<0.05). The results of multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that abdominal pain and positive ASCA were independent risk factors for early CD (odds ratio ( OR)=2.855, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.014 to 8.037, P=0.047; OR=10.033, 95% CI 2.274 to 44.250, P=0.002). Conclusions:Prospective follow-up for more than one year in patients with unexplained ileocecal inflammatory lesions can effectively identify and diagnose early CD. Ileocecal inflammatory lesions with abdominal symptoms are one of the early manifestations of CD. Abdominal pain and positive serum ASCA at the initial diagnosis are independent risk factors for early diagnosis of CD.

Background A large number of studies on fluoride-induced systemic bone damage have been reported previously, but there is little understanding of the characteristics of fluoride accumulation in jawbone. Jawbone is homologous to the other bone tissues in the body, and is an indispensable and important frame structure in the oral cavity. Objective To study fluoride accumulation and its change trends in teeth, jawbone, and femur of SD rats with chronic drinking-water-borne fluorosis. Methods A total of 144 three-week-old SD rats, half male and half female, were randomly divided into two groups, a normal control group and a fluoride group. The rats in the normal controlgroup drank purified water disinfected and filtered from Guizhou, and the water contained 0.08 mg·kg⁻¹ fluoride which was lower than the national water quality standard at 1 mg·kg⁻¹. The rats in the fluoride group were fed with sodium fluoride (NaF) solution with a concentration of 150 mg·L⁻¹. At 3, 5 and 7 months of the fluoride exposure, the levels of fluoride in urine, blood, teeth, jawbone, and femur were measured by fluoride ion electrode method. Results There was no sex difference in fluoride content in different biological samples of rats in the fluoride group and the normal control group (all P>0.05). After 3 months of fluoride exposure, the rats in the fluoride group showed dental fluorosis of grade II, and higher levels of fluoride ion in blood and urine than the normal control group (all P<0.05), indicating that the rat model of fluoride drinking-water-borne chronic fluorosis was successfully replicated. In the normal control group, the levels of fluoride in femur remained stable; at the end of 3 months, the levels of fluoride in jawbone and teeth were (1097.36±470.34) and (453.09±173.43) mg·kg⁻¹ respectively, and at the end of 7 months, the levels of fluoride in jawbone and teeth were (2113.18±634.49) and (1604.80±160.43) mg·kg⁻¹ respectively. Both jawbone and teeth showed a positive temporal effect of increasing fluoride accumulation (P<0.05). After continuous fluoride feeding, the fluoride levels in jawbone, teeth, and femur of rats in the fluoride group were (3145.02±765.82), (1550.20±77.73), and (3640.55±699.42) mg·kg⁻¹ after 3 months, and (8420.36±1728.56), (4702.08±1417.06), and (6091.99±1384.97) mg·kg⁻¹ after 7 months. The three kinds of hard tissues all showed a positive temporal effect of increasing fluoride accumulation (P<0.05), and the cumulative increas was large than that in the normal control group. Among them, jawbone fluorine increased most. At the end of 5 months, the levels of fluoride in jawbone, femur, and teeth were (6485.02±2141.98), (4914.99±1529.41), and (3365.21±1462.27) mg·kg⁻¹ respectively, and the levels of fluoride in jawbone was much higher than those in femur and teeth (P<0.05). Conclusion Hard tissues such as bones and teeth are fluorine sensitive tissues. Compared with femur, jawbone showed significantly high fluoride accumulation, while teeth show relatively lagging fluoride accumulation.

Objective: To explore the valuable indicators for differential diagnosis by comparing the clinical features of Crohn′s disease (CD) with primary intestinal lymphoma (PIL). Methods: From 2010 to 2017, at The Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, a total of 91 patients diagnosed with CD or PIL were enrolled, including 76 cases of CD, 14 cases of PIL and one case of CD with secondary lymphoma. The clinical data of enrolled patients were retrospectively analyzed. T-test, non-parametric test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results: The average age at diagnosis of CD patients was (37.7±16.0) years, which was younger than that of PIL patients (52.6±19.6) years, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.085, P=0.003). The median duration of CD was 36.0 months, which was longer than that of PIL (3.5 months), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-3.616, P<0.01). Abdominal pain and extra-intestinal manifestations (oral ulcers, joint injuries, erythema nodosum and perianal lesions) were more common in CD patients, and the differences were all statistically significant (χ²=9.427 and 5.173, both P<0.05). CD patients were not diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy alone. Totally 13 of 14 patients were diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy and immunohistochemisty and one patient was diagnosed after surgery. The diagnostic rate of pathological biopsy in PIL group was significantly higher than that in CD group (χ²=82.584, P<0.01). One patient was initially clinically diagnosed as CD, and then developed secondary lymphoma after five times of infliximab treatment. Conclusions The diagnosis of CD is generally supported by young age, long course of disease, abdominal pain and extra-intestinal manifestations. The diagnostic rate of colonoscopic biospsy in PIL patients is higher than that in CD patients.

OBJECTIVES: With the increase in aging population in China, elderly Crohn's disease (CD) patients need to receive more attention. This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and disease process of elderly onset CD (EOCD) patients in a single center. METHODS: From January 2002 to January 2022, a total of 221 patients with CD from the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital were enrolled. According to the Montreal CD classification standard, the patients were further divided into 4 groups: an EOCD group (≥60 years old, n=25), a middle age onset CD (MOCD) group (40-59 years old, n=46), a young onset CD (YOCD) group (17-40 years old, n=131), and a childhood onset CD (COCD) group (6-16 years old, n=19). We compared the clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis among them. RESULTS: Females were predominant in the EOCD group (15/25, 60%). The number of people without smoking in the EOCD group (80%) was lower than that in COCD group (100%), higher than that in the YOCD group (70.2%) and the MOCD group (69.6%) (all P<0.05). Patients with perianal diseases at diagnosis were rare in the EOCD group (0%), lower than that in the COCD group (21.1%) and the YOVD group (19.8%) (all P<0.05). Stenosis was the most common disease behavior in the EOCD group (63.0%), significantly higher than that in the COCD group (15.8%), the YOCD group (36.6%) and the MOCD group (43.5%) (all P<0.05). The EOCD group was easier to be misdiagnosed as tumor (24%), higher than that in the COCD group (0%), the YOCD group (6.9%) and the MOCD group (19.6%) (all P<0.05). The EOCD group was prone to comorbidities (52%), and 20% of them were complicated with multiple comorbidities (P<0.05). During the follow-up, the all-cause mortality of EOCD was 12%, and the CD-related mortality was 8%, which was significantly higher than the other groups (all P<0.05). The use of immunosuppressants in the EOCD group (4.8%) was lower than that in the COCD group (12.8%), the YOCD group (16.8%) and the MOCD group (16.1%), but there was no statistical significance among the 4 groups (P=0.467). In addition, there was no significant difference in the rate of intestinal resection among the 4 groups (P=0.062). CONCLUSIONS In EOCD patients, females were predominant, smoking was less common, and they were prone to comorbidity. At the initial stage of diagnosis, it is easy to be misdiagnosed as tumor, and the disease behavior mainly showed stricture type, less complicated with perianal diseases. During the follow-up, all-cause mortality and CD-related mortality of EOCD patients were significantly higher than those of the non-elderly onset CD patients.
Female ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Aged ; Child ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Crohn Disease/epidemiology* ; Prognosis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Aging ; Hospitals, General