Objective: To study the protective effect of Chinese materia medica of tonifying kindey and eliminating sputum on chronic bronchitis mice induced by tobacco smoking from aspect of pathomorphology changes. Methods: 60 Healthy male mice were divided into normal group, chronic bronchitism model group, Guilong Kechuanning group, high and low dosage of tonifying kindey and eliminating sputum groups at random, each 12. Model mice of chronic bronchitis were induced tobacco smoking, giving Guilong Kechuanning and Chinese materia medica of tonifying kindey and eliminating sputum at the same time. The pathomorphology changes of trache and lung tissue were observed under light microscope. Results: Compared model group, the pathomorphology changes of trache and lung tissue in Guilong Kechuanning group, high and low dosage of tonifying kindey and eliminating sputum groups relieved(P

Objective To explore the causes and risk factors affecting early death in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Clinical data of 553 patients with traumatic cervical SCI were analyzed retrospectively to discuss the related factors affecting early death of patients with traumatic cervical SCI by using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results The early mortality of the patients with traumatic cervical SCI was 4.0% ( 22/553 ). The main causes of the early death were respiratory failure in nine patients (40.9%) and electrolyte disorders in five (22.7%). Univariate analysis showed that age, cervical spinal cord injury severity, complications in respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive systems and electrolyte disturbance as well as tracheotomy were considered statistically significant for early death in patients with traumatic cervical SCI ( P < 0, 05 ). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, cervical SCI severity, complications in respiratory,cardiovascular system and electrolyte disturbance as well as tracheotomy. Conclusion Severe cervical SCI, combined respiratory, cardiovascular system and electrolyte disorder complications as well as tracheotomy are high risk factors for the early death in patients with traumatic cervical SCI.

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of Jingyuankang capsule on peripheral leukopenia in patients with HIV/AIDS.Methods: The methods of randomized,double blind,double analogue clinical trials were used for two groups: 58 cases treated with Jingyuankang capsule,Likejun tablet analogue and HAART therapy;58 cases treated with Likejun tablets,Jingyuankang capsule analogue and HAART therapy.Both groups had systematic administration of 6 weeks.The peripheral blood cells were examined to observe the therapeutic effect of Jingyuankang capsule on peripheral leukopenia.Results: Jingyuankang capsule had a good therapeutic effect in treating peripheral leukopenia.It signifi cantly increased the numbers of leukocytes and granulocytes.As the time of administration,it could promote the growth of leukocyte more obviously.It was clinical safe and effective.No toxic and side effect was found in the process of treatment and later follow-up visit.Conclusion: Jingyuankang capsule can effectively treat peripheral leukopenia in patients with HIV/AIDS.

Hematoma enlargement is a common harmful event after cerebral hemorrhage, which can lead to deterioration of neurological function and poor outcome. Early detection of high-risk patients can help prevent hematoma enlargement and improve the outcome of patients. Although the exact mechanism of hematoma enlargement is unclear, more and more evidence shows that many imaging signs may be related to hematoma enlargement, such as dot sign, mixed sign, black hole sign, island sign, etc. This article mainly reviews the relevant imaging prediction factors of hematoma enlargement from the perspective of imaging.

ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) urban inpatients of Tianjin in 2007. MethodsInpatients with TSCI of 8 hospitals in Tianjin in 2007 were reviewed. ResultsThere were 73 patients in total. Mean age was (51.34±14.597) years. Male∶Female was 3.56∶1. Falling, motor vehicle accidents （MVC） were the main causes of TSCI. The cervical spinal cord injuries were predominant. 26% were complete injury and 74% were incomplete. 6 cases were dead. Patients with ASIA grade D recover well. ConclusionFor the TSCI, the ages of patients increases and falling is the main cause.

This paper summarizes the factors affecting schistosomiasis transmission in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River before and after the completion of the Three Gorges Dam and analyzes schistosomiasis prevalence trends to provide a basis for the application of the Three Gorges project methodologies in other areas.The Three Gorges Dam has demonstrated a positive effect on schistosomiasis control.Hubei,Hunan,Jiangxi,Anhui,and Jiangsu in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are currently regions with a high prevalence of schistosomiasis.These five provinces contained 97.62％ of known snail areas and 93.66％ of calculated schistosomiasis cases with 90.07％ of counties (cities,districts) not yet meeting the criteria for schistosomiasis transmission interruption by the end of 2016.After the Three Gorges Dam was built,the prevalence of schistosomiasis in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River decreased.By the end of 2016,the estimated number of cases decreased by 92.75％ and the snail habitat areas decreased by 6.56％ compared to 2004.No acute schistosomiasis cases have occurred for two consecutive years since 2015.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on intestine injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in rats.

METHODSThirty-two rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, NAC control group, CPB model group, and CPB plus NAC treatment group (n=8). In the latter two groups, the rats were subjected to CPB for 1 h. The rats received intraperitoneal injections of normal saline or NAC (0.5 g/kg) as appropriate for 3 successive days prior to CPB, and those in CPB plus NAC group were given NAC (100 mg/kg) in CPB prime followed by infusion at 20 mgsol;(kg·h) until the cessation of CPB. Intestinal and blood samples were collected 2 h after CPB for pathological analysis and measurement of intestinal concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interlukin (IL)-6 and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and serum levels of diamine oxidase (DAO).

RESULTSEvident oxidative stress and pathological damages of the intestines were observed in rats after CPB. NAC treatment obviously alleviated intestinal damages induced by CPB, decreased the levels of intestinal MDA, TNF-α, IL-6 and serum DAO and increased activity of SOD, GSH, and GSH-Px in the intestines.

CONCLUSIONPerioperative NAC treatment can alleviate intestinal injury induced by CPB in rats by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

Acetylcysteine ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Glutathione ; metabolism ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Intestines ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Traditional Chinese medicine holds that chemotherapy drugs belong to “medicinal toxins”， which are fierce in nature， and while killing tumor cells， they also damage human vitality， firstly disturbing spleen and stomach functions. Based on LI Gao's theory that “fire and original qi are restricted to each other， and one wins while the other loses”， it is believed that the balance between fire and original qi is the guarantee to maintain the material and energy metabolism of the body. As the driving force of human life activities， original qi is the “yang qi” that dominates the qi of the whole body. When the function of spleen and stomach is impaired， and the replenishment of acquired source is insufficient， there will be deficiency of yang qi and hyperactivity of yin fire， manifested as various adverse reactions of the body after chemotherapy. Following the treatment principle of tonifying the spleen and stomach and lifting yang qi， it is recommended to use sweet and warm medicinals to remove heat， and take formulas such as Buzhong Yiqi Decoction （补中益气汤） and Danggui Buxue Decoction （当归补血汤） to treat various post-chemotherapy adverse reactions mainly manifested as fire pathogen damaging fluid and consuming qi， yin deficiency and fire exuberance， alleviate related symptoms， which can not only ensure adequate chemotherapy cycle， but also improve the anti-tumor effect， and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To detect the change of the anti-S. japonicum antibody level after people migrated from outside embankment to newly established town. Methods Three pilot spots were established for the investigation: one spot thut both inhabitancy and cultivation disused (A), one spot that only inhabitancy disused but farming continued (B) and the third one served as control (C). DIGFA and ELISA were used to detect the antibody level in the populations from 2002 to 2005. Results The positive rate of anti-S.japonkum antibody declined significantly from 6.63% to 3.52% by DIGFA and from 7.26% to 3.71% by ELISA at spot A (X2=5.2625, P

Objective:To test and evaluate the reliability and clinical effectiveness of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture (OTLF) scoring and classification system.Methods:A multicenter retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 530 OTLF patients admitted to 8 hospitals including Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2021 to June 2022. There were 212 males and 318 females, aged 55-90 years [(72.6±10.8)years]. There were 4 patients with grade C and 18 with grade D according to American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification. According to the osteoporotic thoracolumbar injury classification and severity (OTLICS) score, all patients had an OTLICS score over 4 points and required surgical treatment. Among them, 410 patients had acute symptomatic OTLF (ASOTLF), including 24 patients with type I, 159 type IIA, 47 type IIB, 31 type IIC, 136 type IIIA, 8 type IIIB, 2 type IV (absence of neurological symptoms) and 3 type IV (presence of neurological symptoms), and 120 patients had chronic symptomatic OTLF (CSOTLF), including 62 patients with type I, 21 type II, 17 type III, 3 type IV (reducible under general anesthesia), 9 type IV (not reducible under general anesthesia), 1 type V (reducible under general anesthesia), 5 type V (presence of neurological symptoms), and 2 type V (not reducible under general anesthesia). Surgical procedures included percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), positional repositioning plus PVP, percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), posterior open reduction combined with bone graft fusion and bone cement augmented screw internal fixation, posterior open reduction combined with decompression, bone graft fusion and bone cement augmented screw internal fixation, and posterior open reduction combined with osteotomy and orthopedics, bone graft fusion and bone cement augmented screw internal fixation. A weighted Kappa was used to test the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the OTLICS score, the ASOTLF classification, and the CSOTLF classification. The visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), ASIA classification were compared before, at 1 month after surgery and at the last follow-up. Incidence of postoperative complications was observed.Results:The percentage of mean interobserver agreement for OTLICS staging was 93.4%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.86, and the percentage of mean intraobserver agreement was 93.0%, with a mean confidence kappa value of 0.86. The percentage of mean interobserver agreement for ASOTLF staging was 94.2%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.84, and the percentage of mean intraobserver agreement was 92.5%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.83. The percentage of mean interobserver agreement for CSOTLF subtyping was 91.9%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.80, and the percentage of mean intraobserver agreement was 91.3%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.81. All the patients were followed up for 6-12 months [(9.0±2.1)months]. The VAS and ODI scores were significantly lower in patients with ASOTLF and CSOTLF classifications at 1 month after surgery and at the last follow-up than those before surgery (all P<0.05). The VAS scores in patients with ASOTLF types IIA, IIB, IIC, IIIA, and IV were significantly lower at the last follow-up than that at 1 month after surgery; the ODI scores in patients with ASOTLF types I, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB and IV were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at 1 month after surgery. The VAS scores in patients with CSOTLF types II, III, IV, and V were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at 1 month after surgery, and the ODI scores in patients with all CSOTLF types were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at 1 month after surgery (all P<0.05). Two patients with ASIA grade C recovered to grade D, and the rest recovered to grade E at the last follow-up ( P<0.01). No major vessel or nerve injury or internal fixation failure was found during follow-up. There were 18 patients with cement leakage, none of whom showed relevant clinical symptoms. There were 35 patients with new vertebral fractures, all of whom recovered well after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions:The OTLICS score, ASOTLF classification and CSOTLF classification have a high degree of reliability. Application of stepwise treatment for patients with different levels of injury according to the scoring and classification system can reduce pain, promote recovery of the spinal function, and reduce complications, which is of some significance in guiding the selection of clinical treatment.