Objective To investigate the method of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) for the repair of atrial septal defect with thoracoscopy. Methods Thirty-six patients with atrial septal defect were operated on.The artery channel and one venous channel were placed in the right femoral artery and femoral venous,the other venous channel was placed in the superior venous cave to set up CPB.The thoracoscope was put into thoracic cavity by the seventh interspace;the other two holes in the fourth interspace were used for operative procedure.The atrial septal defect was closed by thoracoscopy with the help of CPB. Results Except one patient whose incision was extended to stanch bleeding so as to avoid accidents when CPB stopped resulting in low oxygen saturation operation for other patients was successful.After operation,thirty-five patients recovered well and no complication occurred. Conclusions It is safe and reliable to repair atria septal defect with thoracoscopy with the help of CPB.

Objective To investigate clinical effects of arthroscopic synovectomy combined with radiofrequency vaporization for the treatment of rheumatoid synovitis of the knee joint.Methods In 36 cases of rheumatoid gonarthritis with chronic synovitis of the knee joint,with simultaneous administration of regular medication,we had applied arthroscopic synovectomy combined with radiofrequency vaporization to remove the hyperplastic synovium and pannus through standard anteromedial and anterolateral approaches, and superolateral and superomedial approaches.In 21 out of 36 cases,diseased synovium in the posterior compartment was resected via additional posteromedial and posterolateral approaches.A systematic rehabilitation program was practiced 3 days after operation. Results All the 36 cases were followed for 4~26 months(mean,16 months).Clinical effects evaluation showed "excellent" in 21 cases,"good" in 13 cases,and "fair" in 2,with a total excellent-or-good rate of 94.4%(34/36).The knee joint function scores were significantly elevated from 58.6?5.3 preoperatively to 91.6?5.8 postoperatively(t=2.723,P=0.003).The Lysholm scores were significantly elevated from 42.3?3.8 preoperatively to 90.2?4.4 postoperatively(t=2.437,P=0.001).Conclusions Combined use of arthroscopic synovectomy with radiofrequency vaporization for the treatment of rheumatoid gonarthritis has advantages of minimal trauma,little blood loss,and rapid recovery of joint function.The procedure can effectively control the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and restore the knee joint function to the greatest possible extent.

Objective To investigate the preoperative biliary drainage on the effect of surgical treatment for hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients.Methods A total of 52 hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients who underwent resection operation in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2005 to December 2015 were divided into preoperative biliary drainage group (24 cases) and non-preoperative biliary drainage group (28 cases).To compare the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,hospital stay,perioperative changes in liver function,and incidence of postoperative complications,tumor recurrence rate,1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate and some other indicators.The data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software.The patients of two groups were followed up by telephone,out-patient review and hospital examination.Patients were followed up for 8-60 monthes.Results The hospital stay for biliary drainage group was longer than that in non-preoperative biliary drainage group and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The differences of operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative tumor recurrence rate,postoperative complications (including bile leakage,blooding,fever,pleural effusion,abdominal infection,wound infection,pulmonary infection,liver failure and some others) and 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in preoperative biliary drainage group before biliary drainage were(98.0 ± 51.7) U/L,(94.2 ± 44.2) U/L,(177.5 ± 64.1) μmol/L and (160.2 ± 61.9) μmol/L,respectively,and after biliary drainage were (71.2 ± 13.8) μmol/L,(60.0 ± 12.1) μmol/L,(93.5 ± 20.7) μmol/L and (76.3 ± 18.1) μmol/L,respectively.The differences of the above parameters before and after biliary drainage were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).However,the changes of albumin before and after biliary drainage were not significant (P ＞ 0.05).The follow-up patients of biliary drainage group were 21 cases and the follow-up patients of non-preoperative biliary drainage group were 25 cases.The differences of 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate between the two groups were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Preoperative biliary drainage for hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients may improve the liver function to a certain extent.However,preoperative biliary drainage cannot improve the prognosis of the hilar cholangiocarcinoma patients.Therefore preoperative biliary drainage is not suggested for patients with good general conditions.

Objective To establish HPLC method for the simultaneous detgrmination of 9 effective components ofTanreqing injection.Methods The Agilent TC-C18 (2) (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) column was used, the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (A) acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (B) in a gradient mode, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the column temperature was 30℃, the injection volume was 10μl, and the detecting wavelength was at 280 nm.Results All the 9 effective components showed a good linear relationship. TheRSDof the precision, reproducibility and stability tests were less than 2%. The average recoveries of the 9 effective components were in the range of 99.3%-103.1%.Conclusion This analysis method is simple, accurate and has a good specificity, which can be suitable for controlling the quality of Tanreqing injection.

Objective To evaluate the correlation of chemosensitivity of cancer cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes to 8 chemotherapy agents in vitro,which was helpful to guide clinical chemotherapy for patients with lung cancer. Methods The chemosensitivity of the peripheral blood lymphocytes and tumor cells to 8 clinical routine che-motherapeutic agents was tested in 40 cases of lung cancer by using MTT method. SPSS 10. 0 was used to analyze the above indicators. Results There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of 8 clinical routine chemotherapeutic agents between peripheral blood lymphocytes and tumor cells of patients with lung cancer(P > 0. 05) ,which was posi-tive correlated to chemotherapeutic drugs between peripheral blood lymphocytes and tumor cells. Conclusion The chemosensitive test of the peripheral blood lymphocytes with MTT method in vitro was valuable for reference of selec-ting anticancer drugs in clinic for patients with lung cancer.

Objective To study the T/P rate and smoothness index of Candesartan Cliexetil on slight and middle essential hypertension. Methods 50 patients with slight and middle essential hypertension were treated by Candesartan Cliexetil 8mg taken orally everyday,the course of treatment was 4 weeks. 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring(ABPM) was given before and after treatment, the T/P rate and smoothness index were calculated. Results Four weeks after treatment, 24h SBP(148.2±10.7) mm Hg and 24 h D BP (97.6±6.5) mm Hg, dSBP(152.5±9.8) mm Hg and dDBP(96.0±5.3) mm Hg, nSBP(138.3±7.6) mm Hg and nDBP(89.2±8.3) mm Hg, SBP load (87.5±12.2) % and DBP load (36.48±26.4) % with pre-treatment (130.2±7.2) mm Hg, (79.5±7.8) mm Hg, (133.4±7.2)mm Hg, (81.8±6.6)mm Hg,(121.9±7.3) mm Hg, (72.1±7.4) mm Hg, (84.7±9.9)%,(26.7 ±8.3) % have significant difference(P < 0.01). T/P rates were SBP 70% and DBP 63%. Smoothness indexes were SBP(1.21±0.82) and DBP(1.13±0.51). Conclusion Candesartan cilexetil in the treatment of essential hyper-tension is safe and effective,can get a good T/P ratio and smoothness index.

Objective:To analyze the gene polymorphisms at code 54 of exon 1 in mannose-binding lectin(MBL) gene and the palsma MBL concentrations in Mongols and Huis in China.Methods:MBL plasma concentrations were measured by ELISA method with human MBL ELISA kit,Single nucleotide polymorphisms of MBL gene were determined with sequence analysis method.Geneticanalysis was deployed with SHEsis software,and the statistics package for social science,SPSS11.0 was used in the study.Results:The median values of MBL plasma in 79 Mongols and 69 Huis were 1 686 ng/ml and 1 909 ng/ml respectively and no significant difference was found between them(Z=0.63,P=0.4).In 79 Mongols,the variant allele frequencies of the codon 54 of MBL gene was 0.203,62.0% of the 79 cases were A/A exon type,while 35.4% were A/B type and 2.50% were B/B type instead.In all 69 Huis,the variant allele frequencies was 0.268,58.0% of 40 cases were A/A exon type,while 30.4% were A/B type and 11.6% were B/B type instead.The frequency of point mutation at +230 site was 0.203.No significant difference of variant allele frequencies was found between the Mongols and Huis nationalities(?2=1.772,P=0.183).Neither C nor D exon type were found in the study.The A/A wild type was associated with the highest plasma concentration with median values,the A/B type was associated with lower MBL levels and the B/B type with the lowest levels(?2=86.526,P

Objective To develop a method of simultaneous detection and Gram classification for pathogens causing sepsis with gram-specific probes based real-time PCR. Methods A pair of universal primers and a set of probes including Gram-positive probe and Gram-negative probe were designed based on the bacterial highly conserved region of 16SrRNA gene. With the gram-specific probes based real-time PCR, 35 clinical frequently-isolated strains including 17 gram-positive and 18 gram-negative bacteria were identified correctly with the corresponding gram probe. The blood samples from 512 cases of suspected septicemia, who were hospitalized in our neonatal ward and the NICU and developed clinical signs suggestive of infection, were tested with routine culture and bacterial gram-specific probes based real-time PCR separately. Results The detection limit of the gram-specific probes based real-time PCR assay was 10 CFU of the bacteria. The 35 isolates could be detected and classified correctly by gram-specific probes based real-time PCR. The PCR results were all negative for Cytomegalo virus, EB virus, hepatitis B virus, Cryptococcns neoformans, candida albican, human genomic DNA and negative control. The gram-specific probes based real-time PCR appeared to be quite specific. For 512 blood specimens from the patients with suspicious neonatal sepsis, the positive rate of the gram-specific probes based real-time PCR array was 8.20% (42/512,), which is significantly higher than that of blood culture (32/512, 6.25%) (χ2=8.10, P<0.01). When blood culture was used as a standard, the sensitivity of the gram-specific probes based real-time PCR was 100%. The specificity was 97.92% and the accuracy was 98.05%. Canclusions Cram-specific probes based real-time PCR with universal primers and gram-specific probes are developed. This study suggests that the bacterial gram-specific probes based real-time PCR are very useful for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial infection.

Objective To compare patellar ring,Kirschner wire tension band and patellar ring plus Kirschner wire in fixation for treatment of patella fractures.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the 285 patients with patellar fracture who had been treated between September 2009 and January 2016.They were 155 men and 130 women,with an average age of 45.5 years (from 18 to 70 years).Their fractures included 176 transverse,28 longitudinal split and 81 comminuted ones.They were divided into 3 groups according to their different internal fixation methods:patellar ring fixation (98 cases),Kirschner wire tension band (92 cases),patellar ring plus Kirschner wire fixation (95 cases).The 3 groups were compared in terms of operative time,intraoperative bleeding,fracture healing time,knee function by B(o)stman score at the last follow-up and postoperative complications.Results The operative time in the patellar ring group(58.9 ±6.4 min) was significantly shorter than in the Kirschner wire group (71.8 ± 7.8 min) and in the patellar ring plus Kirschner wire group (74.4 ± 8.0 min) (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical significant differences between the 3 groups in fracture healing time and intraoperative bleeding (P ＞ 0.05).The good to excellent rate of knee function at the last follow-up in the Kirschner wire tension band group was 100.0％ (92/92),significantly higher than in the patellar ring group (90.8％,89/98) and in the patellar ring plus Kirschner wire group (91.6％,87/95) (P ＜ 0.017).There was no significant difference in postoperative complication rate between the patellar ring fixation group (2.0％,2/98),Kirschner wire tension band fixation group (1.1％,1/92) and the patellar ring plus Kirschner wire group (2.1％,2/95) (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Internal fixation with Kirschner wire tension band has definite curative effect on patellar fractures,showing the advantages of less operative invasion,fewer postoperative complications,better functional recovery of the affected knee joint,and lower price over the other 2 internal fixation methods.

ObjectiveTo Summarize the experience of totally thoracoscopic operation for atrial myxoma.Methods From December 2007 to November 2011,44 patients with atrial myxoma,including 37 cases of Left atrial myxoma,6 cases of Right atrial myxoma,1 case of double atrial myxoma were treated totally under thoracoscope.Surgical procedures were performed through 3 troears inserted at the right chest wall,and catheters were placed in the right femoral artery and vein (or in the right atrium,femoral vein)to set up extracorporeal circulation.The ascending aorta was cross-clamped with long tailor-made forceps and the myocardium was protected by coronary perfusion with cold crystalloid (blood) cardioplegia.ResultsAll the operations were completed successfully.The mean extracorporeal circulation and cross-clamping time were (49 ± 18 )min and (28 ± 10) min respectively.Postoperative ventilation was withdrawn in(3.8 ± 1.4) h,and the patients were discharged from the hospital in (6.8 ± 1.3 ) d.3 of the patients had postoperative complications,including 1 case of fat liquefaction of the incision at the right groin ( delayed healing),2 cases of subcutaneous emphysema ( healed by bandaged chest).No severe complications occurred in this series.UCG performed 3 - 5 days after the operation revealed surgical results were satisfactory.Followup up to 2 months to 4 years were available in all cases.During the period,the heart function was confirmed as level Ⅰ.ConclusionVideo-assisted thoraeoseopie cardiac surgery is feasible,safe,and minimal invasive for patients,resulting in quick recovery and good cosmetic outcomes.