Objective To explore the possible risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD),and to pro-vide a basis for exploring the etiology of the disease.Methods This case -control study included 68 patients diag-nosed as ASD for a first lifetime(according to the fourth edition of the American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disordersfor ASD diagnosis)from May 201 4 to January 201 5,and 77 non -ASD controls (normal children, matched on gender)in Jiangxi Children′s Hospital were selected to undergo the risk factor survey for ASD.The survey content included 1 0 categories:general status,birth,feeding,the past history,mother′s pregnancy and her health condi-tion during pregnancy and environmental exposure,parents′occupational exposure,family history and relevant test re-sults.Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the results of the survey.Results The possible risk factors for ASD increased if mother had virus infection 2 years before pregnant (OR =7.97,95%CI:2.42 -26.31 ),had occu-pational exposure (OR =3.99,95%CI:1 .27 -1 2.52),volatile organic compounds exposure during pregnancy (OR =22.21 ,95%CI:2.28 -21 6.09),as well as living closely to transport passage ways during pregnancy (OR =0.59,95%CI:0.38 -0.93)or having a family heredity history (OR =58.50,95%CI:5.81 -589.57).Breastfeeding (OR =0.81 ,95%CI:0.66 -0.98)might be a protective factor in ASD.Conclusions In addition to genetic factors,the ute-rine environment from conception to birth and growth environment play an important role in the pathogenesis of ASD.

Febrile seizure(FS) is generally defined as seizures occurring in children typically 6 months to 5 years of age in association with a fever greater than 38℃, who do not have evidence of an intracranial cause, another definable cause of seizure, or a history of an a febrile seizure.At present, it is considered that FS is caused by multiple factors, mainly duing to the developing central nervous system is vulnerable to fever and potential risk factors (including environmental and genetic factors). According to the type of seizures, it can be divided into simple FS and complex FS, distinguishing the type will be helpful to formulate clinical intervention strategies.Benzodiazepines can quickly stop convulsion, and it is mostly used for patients with a duration of more than 5 minutes.At the same time, intermittent diazepam treatment can effectively reduce the risk of recurrence of FS and relieve parents′ anxiety and fear.This review briefly summarized the risk factors, clinical evaluation and treatment of FS in order to improve understanding.