Objective To study a simplified method for rapid isolation of the Schistosoma japonicum immature eggs for resolving the problems of the routine method which is tedious and difficult to get intact and high-purity eggs. Methods A modified method was devised on the basis of the previous experience through repetitive sievings followed by trypsin digestion and centrifugations. Results The immature eggs with fairly high purity were obtained within a short time. The isolated eggs remained intact and the rate of recovery was significantly increased. Conclusion This method has paved the way for future molecular biology research of the immature eggs of Schistosoma japonicum.

Insulin resistance induces multiple metabolic disorders and are the common risk factors of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases.Since the causes are complex,the medical management should be integrated to treat insulin resistance.Lifestyle change is the first choice,and the appropriate agents can be selected if needed.

Objective To develop a method of determining benzene hydrocarbon and halogenated alkane hydrocarbon in the air of workplaces with the capillary gas chromatography of carbon disulphide desorption. Methods Benzene hydrocarbon and halogenated alkane hydrocarbon in the air of workplace were collected by active carbon sampling cuvette, then separated by hydrogen flames detector gas chromatography machine after carbon disulphide desorption. Benzene hydrocarbon and halogenated alkane hydrocarbon were determined quantitively by retention time and quantitatively by apex area. Results The linear ranges of benzene, toluene, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, ethyl benzene, styenl, chlorobenzene, acetone, carbontetrachloride, dichloromethanl, trichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, naphth alene were 0.019-81.600, 0.018-91.200, 0.018-88.800, 0.018-56.8, 0.011-92.000, 0.012-63.200, 0.018-93.200, 0.449-2298.400, 0.252-1287.000 and 0.076-390.000 mg/m3 respectively. The recovery rates were 88.4%-98.6% and RSD were 1.0%-6.0%. Conclusion This method can separate efficiently and determine accurately benzene hydrocarbon and halogenated alkane hydrocarbon in the air with a good precision. It is suitable for the determination of the toxicants in the air.

Objective To establish a method to determine halogenated alkane hydrocarbon in drinking water with headspace gas chromatography. Methods Halogenated alkane hydrocarbon in the water were extracted by headspace technology, then analyzed with DB-5 capillary column, in the same time, they were determined with GC by controlling the temperature and the speed of nitrogen. The retention time of the peaks was used for qualitative analysis, while external standard method was used for quantitative analysis. Results The linear ranges for dichloromethane, trichloromethane, 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, bromodichloromomethane, 1, 1, 2-trichloroethane, dibromochloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, tribromomethane were 0.8-4 024.0, 0.007-33.5, 0.004-19.2, 1.4-6 821.0, 0.002-10.0, 0.005-25.6, 0.002-12.1, 0.1-717.8, 0.005-23.5, 0.002-8.1 and 0.02-87.7 ?g/L. The lowest determination limit were 0.01- 4.1 ?g/L, the rate of recovery were 89.7%-110.0% and RSDs were 2.8%-9.0%. Conclusion This method can efficiently separate and accurately determine 11 kinds of halogenated alkane hydrocarbon in drinking water. It is simple, rapid and sensitive.

Objective To establish a method for simultaneous determination of kelthane and pyrethroid pesticide residues in water.Methods Kelthane and pyrethroid pesticide residues in the water were extracted by liquid-liquid,then analyzed with DB-1 capillary column.In the same time,they were determined with GC by controlling the temperature.Retention time of the peaks was used for qualitative analysis,while external standard method was used for quantitative analysis.Results The linear ranges of Kelthane,Bifenthrin,Fenpropanate,Lambda cyhalothrin,Permethrin,Beta cyfluthrin,Alphacypermethrin,Fenvalerate were 0.24-31.1,0.21-27.2,0.20-26.0,0.21-26.5,0.20-25.7,0.21-26.4,0.22-29.0 and 0.22-27.4 ?g/L,r≥0.999 0.The lowest determination limits were 0.20,0.33,0.30,0.13,0.36,0.26,0.33 and 0.30 ?g/L,the rate of recovery was 86.0%-111.7% and RSD was 3.8%-11.8%.Conclusion This method can separate efficiently and determine 8 kinds of pyrethroid pesticide residues in the water and only needs 23 minutes.It's simple,rapid and sensitive.

ABSTRACT:As the only intermediate host of Schistosoma j aponicum ,Oncomelania hupensis is an important link of schis‐tosomiasis .It plays an important role in the transmission of schistosomiasis .This article mainly demonstrates the following as‐pects :the invasion of schistosome miracidium into O .hupensis ,the growth of sporocyst ,and the mature and escape of cercari‐ae ,which would provide laboratory data from literatures for revealing the symbiotic relationship between O .hupensis and S . japonicum .However ,the symbiotic relationship between O .hupensis and S .japonicum is too complex to description com‐pletely .Therefore ,the symbiotic relationship will be the focus of future research .

The heptadecatungstodiphosphate substituted by L a(Ⅲ) with the formula　α2-K7P2W17O61(La.OH2 ) (P2W 17La) was prepared by vacant refilling method. The anion of single substitu ted Dawson-type tungstophosphate salt was doped into the polypyrrole (PPY) film on a glassy carbon electrode (GC) by electrochemical method to prepare the chem ically modified electrode (P2W17La/PPY/GC). It maintains not only t he electrochemical activity and electrocatalytic property of P2W17L a, but also has good stability and sensitivity. In 0.50 mol/L HCl solution, th e first cathodic peak of P2W17La doping in polypyrrole film can cat alyze well the electroreduction of nitrite. The catalytic current was proporti onal to the concentration of nitrite between 6.0×10-5 and 1.0×10-2 　mol/L.

Objective To observe the effects of LPS and PMA on proliferation of human len epithelial( HLE )cells and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in HLE cells.Methods The expressions of EGFR protein of HLE cells from felus,adult lens age-related cataract and cultured HLE cells were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of EGFR mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.The effects of LPS (0.5,1.0,2.0 mg?L-1 ) and PMA(25,50,100 nmol?L-1 )on proliferation of HLE cells were detected by MTT colorimetry method,and the EGFR mRNA expression in HLE cells was determined by RT-PCR. Results The expressions of EGFR protein and mRNA were positive in HLE cells from felus,adult lens age-related cataract and cultured HLE cells.The proliferation rates of HLE cells treated with 0.5,1.0,2.0 mg?L-1 LPS were (3.21?0.42)%,(12.25?1.34)% and (36.67?3.65)%,respectively.The proliferation rate of HLE cells in 2.0 mg?L-1 LPS group was higher than those in 0.5 and 1.0 mg?L-1 LPS groups(F=7.709,P0.05).PMA(25,50,100 nmol?L-1 )could not effect the expression of EGFR mRNA in HLE cells .Conclusion Inflammation stimulant factor such as LPS can promote the proliferation of HLE cells by increasing the expression of EGFR and result in occurrence of posterior capsular opacifition(PCO).

【Objective】To explore the role of cell cycle regulators in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) relapse.【Method】To assay p53,MDM2,p21ras and p21WAF1 proteins by LsAB immunohistochemical technique in 69 cases of primary and relapsing NPC tissues.【Results】As compared with primary NPC,the expression rate of p53 or MDM2 protein in relapsing NPC was similar (78% to 80%,84% to 83%),and the expression rate of p21ras or p21WAF1 protein in relapsing NPC was obviously descended (73% to 93%,52% to 84% );the high-expression rate of p53 protein in relapsing NPC was similar (42% to 51%),the high-expression rate of MDM2 protein in relapsing NPC was obviously risen (57% to 32%),and the high-expression rate of p21ras or p21WAF1 protein in relapsing NPC was obviously descended (16% to 65%,17% to 46%).Among of them,the significant rise of MDM2 protein expression level in relapsing NPC mainly occurred in the patients of group 2 which relapsing-interval was shorter than 34 months,P<0.05;the significant descent of p21ras or p21WAF1 protein expression level in relapsing NPC occurred in the patients of group 2 and group 1 which relapsing-interval was equal to or longer than 34 months,P<0.02,respectively.【Conclusions】The overexpression of p53 and MDM2 proteins and the low or negative expression of p21WAF1 protein after clinical cure might still play an important role in NPC relapse,the obvious rise of MDM2 protein level and the obvious descent of p21WAF1 protein level might further accelarate the process of NPC relapse.

Objective To evaluate the results of one-day care for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnancy outcome after application of new diagnostic criteria.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of a GDM group (n=841) and a normal glucose metabolism group (n=3 043) who delivered in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Peking University First Hospital between July 1,2011 and June 30,2012,to discuss the difference in maternal and newborn outcomes between these two groups,and to compare the maternal and newborn outcomes between the GDM one-day care group (study group,n=605) and non-GDM one-day care group (control group,n=236).Statistical analysis was performed by t test and x2 test.Results The average age of pregnant women with GDM was (31.5±4.2) years,which was higher than the normal glucose metabolism group (30.0±3.7) years (t=9.13,P＜0.01).The average age of the study group was (31.7±4.2) years,and the average age of the control group was (31.7±4.9) years,which was not a significant difference (t=2.32,P＞0.05).In the oral glucose tolerance test,fasting blood glucose level was (5.2±0.5) mmol/L,which was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.3±0.8) mmol/L (t=2.48,P＜0.05).The difference between 1 and 2 h glucose sugar levels did not differ significantly (P＞0.05) between the two groups.In the GDM and normal glucose metabolism groups of pregnant women,the incidence of macrosomia was 6.5％ (55/841) and 5.9％ (182/3 043),respectively,although the difference was not significant (x2=0.36,P＞0.05).In the GDM group,the rate of premature delivery was significantly higher than in the normal glucose metabolism group [preterm birth:10.1％ (83/841) and 7.4％ (225/3 043),x2=5.56; P＜0.05)].In the GDM group,gestational hypertension and mild pre-eclampsia were significantly more frequent than in the normal glucose metabolism group [gestational hypertension:4.2％ (35/841) vs 2.6％ (82/3 043),x2=4.85; mild pre-eclampsia:1.7％ (14/841) vs 0.9％ (26/3 043),x2=4.24; P＜0.05].The incidence of severe pre-eclampsia was 2.4％ (20/841) and 1.6％ (49/3 043),respectively,which was not significantly different (x2=2.22,P＞0.05) between the two groups.The rate of insulin use was 9.3％ (78/841) in the GDM group.In the study group,the rate of insulin use was 7.9％ (48/605),compared with 11.9％ (28/236) in the control group; this difference was not significant (x2=3.54,P＞0.05).In the study group,the incidence of macrosomia and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDP) was similar to that in the control group [macrosomia:6.9％ (42/605) vs 5.3％ (13/236),respectively; x2=0.57; HDP:7.4％ (45/605) vs 9.9％ (24/236),x2=1.68; P＜0.05].The rate of premature delivery in the study group was significantly lower than in the control group [7.2％ (44/605) vs 16.0％ (38/236),x2=15.04,P＜0.05].In the study group,among the 561 cases of term birth,there were 42 cases of macrosomia.The average age of macrosomic and non-macrosomic pregnant women [(31.4±3.9) vs (31.7±4.2) years,t=4.27],pre-pregnancy body mass index [(23.5±3.9) vs (22.6±3.2),t=1.58],gestational weight gain [(16.1±5.6) vs (15.7± 11.4) kg,t=0.22] and pregnant weeks at visit to a one-day care clinic [(27.5 ± 4.3) vs (28.1 ± 2.8) weeks,t=0.86; P＞0.05] showed no significant differences.In women who delivered an infant with macrosomia,glycosylated hemoglobin levels in mid and late pregnancy were higher than in woman who did not deliver an infant with macrosomia [(5.6±0.4) ％ vs (5.4±0.4) ％,t=2.13,P＜0.05].Conclusions Through one-day care for GDM,the rate of preterm labor is reduced.This is a good model for group management of GDM women,and more efforts is required to improve its effect.