Objective To convert OH risk assessment scale into Chinese version and test it reliability and validity in critical care patients for pressure ulcers.Methods The first, Japanese version of OH risk assessment scale was translated into Chinese, then it was translated back to Japanese, and last,converted into the Chinese version by experts correction and language adaption. Twenty-one trained nurses from 7 ICU departments were divided into three groups, with seven nurses in each group. They used Braden scale and Chinese version of OH risk assessment scale, respectively and independently assessed 476 critical care patients from five comprehensive care hospitals' ICU once daily until to seven days.Results The content validity of OH risk assessment scale was 0.88 and its criterion-related validity was 0.82 and 0.86. Comulative contribution of two common factors by factor analysis was 63.82% and component factor loading of each item was more than 0.4, and communalities of each item was more than 50%. The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.75 and test-retest reliability was 0.80.The inter-rater reliability was 0.95 to 0.98.Conclusions The Chinese version of OH risk assessment scale had good validity and reliability. It could be used to assess and predict the pressure ulcer risks for critical care patients.