AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint for the identification of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. METHODS: The chromatographic seperation was performed on a Diamonsil C_(18) (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid, gradient eluent, at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The UV detection was set at 340 nm. RESULTS: There was an apparent difference in fingerprint between Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. CONCLUSION: The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility andprovides a reference standard for identifying Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants.

AIM: To establish HPLC fingerprint for the identification of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. METHODS: The chromatographic seperation was performed on a Diamonsil C_18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid,gradient eluent,at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The UV detection was set at 340 nm. RESULTS: There was an apparent difference in fingerprint between Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants. CONCLUSION: The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility and provides a reference standard for identifying Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides and its adulterants.

AIM:To establish HPLC fingerprint for the root and rhizome of Clematis uncinata Champ and to compare the differences of clematis and Clematis uncinata in fingerprint. METHODS:Based on 10 batches of Clematis unciuata Champ,its chromatographic seperation was performed on Diamonsil C18 (250 mm ? 4. 6 mm,5 ?m)with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile -0.05% phosphoric acid,gradient eluent,at the flow rate of 0. 8 mL/min. The UV detection was set at 210 nm. RESULTS:The mutual mode to HPLC-UV fingerprints was set up,and the 23 mutual peaks were indicated. The similarities were compared among Cleuatis uncinata Champ and substitutes collected from different sources there were apparent difference in fingerprint. CONCLUSION:The method is stable and reliable with a good reproducibility and provides a reference standard for identifying medicinal clematis.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-155 in rats exposed to PM2.5 and its signifi-cance.Methods Thirty-two 12-weeks-old healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into PM2.5-primary expo-sure group (P1),PM2.5-three times exposure group (P3), saline-control group and blank-control group (O), with 8 rats in each group. The pathological changes of lung tissue of each group were observed by HE staining and the expressions of miR-155 in lung tissue of each group were measured by RT-PCR. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in serum of each group were measured by ELISA.One-way ANOVA and LSD-t test were used for statistical analysis,and Pearson′s correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the levels of miR-155 and TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β. Results The expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β in P1 and P3 increased when compared with that in saline control group and blank-control group, and the amount of expression increased with the increase of the number of exposure and dose;the difference between groups was statistically sig-nificant(P<0.01).At the same time,with the increase of the dose and number of PM2.5,the inflammatory damage of lung tissue was enhanced.The expression of miR-155 in lung tissue also increased with the increase of the dose and number of PM 2.5,and it had significantly positive correlation with serum inflammatory cytokines(P<0.01),and had statistical significance. Conclusions The lung tissue of rats exposed to PM2.5 can produce inflammatory injury, and the damage is enhanced with the increase of exposure times and dose.The expression of miR-155 is positively correlated with inflammatory injury in rats.Consequently,miR-155 may participate in PM2.5-induced inflammatory lung injury in rats.

Objective:To report a case with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) characterized by involuntary laughter.Methods:The clinical manifestations and imaging characteristics of a patient diagnosed as FTD was analyzed. Then the results of cerebrospinal fluid, positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and single-photon emission computed tomography examinations were collected. Blood samples were tested for related genes of FTD.Results:The patient is a 66 years old woman with insidious onset and progressing symptoms and she was mainly manifested as laughing out loud involuntarily when looking at others, childishness, stubbornness, loss of interest, irritability and other personal changes. Mild motor and language disorders were also manifested as moving slowly and speaking unclearly. The magnetic resonance imaging showed the atrophy of bilateral frontal, temporal lobe and bilateral hippocampal while the image of PET-CT showed the metabolism was reduced in different degrees. Eventually, behavioural variant of FTD was diagnosed. The result of ANXA11 gene sequencing revealed the mutation of c.107C>G(p.P36R).Conclusions:This is the first case in which a heterozygous mutation of ANXA11 gene, which is related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is found in simple FTD patient, suggesting that ANXA11 gene may play an important role in the pathogenesis of FTD. This further supports the theory that ALS and FTD are spectrum disorders.

Objective:To explore the effect of stepwise nursing in postoperative rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury.Methods:From January 2020 to June 2021, convenience sampling was used to select 91 patients with spinal cord injury admitted to the Henan Third Provincial People's Hospital as the research object. The patients were divided into the observation group ( n=46) and the control group ( n=45) by random number table method. The control group received routine nursing, while the observation group received stepwise nursing on the basis of the control group. The postoperative functional independence and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results:After six months of intervention, the scores of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure Ⅲ and the scores of each dimension of the Generic Quality of Life Inventory 74 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Stepwise nursing can promote postoperative functional recovery and improve the quality of life of patients with spinal cord injury.

Objective To formulate and standardized the procedure of bowl preparation before transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Methods The standardized transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy flowchart were formulated based on the best evidences and recommendations. One hundred and forty patients selected with suspected of prostate cancer and scheduled for transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy was equally assigned to two groups, the control group was given routine hospital practice before biopsy, and the observation group followed the formulated flowchart. Monitoring two groups for complications, time cost for bowl preparation, medical billing and the average day of hospitalization. Results The incidence of complications and the number of hospitalization days between two groups were comparable, the observation group in bowl preparation time was (3.75 ± 0.78) min, the control group in bowl preparation time was (11.88 ± 1.93) min, the difference of two groups showed statistical significance (t=15.643, P<0.01). The observation group in medical bill was￥(81.62±15.62), the control group in medical bill was ￥(427.78 ± 76.87), the difference of two groups showed statistical significance (t=-36.964, P<0.01). Conclusions Application of evidence-based practice to formalize bowl preparation and antibiotic use in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy patient can facilitate the clinical nurses to provide homogenized care to prostate biopsy patients as well as improve the efficiency of nursing work.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different acquisition duration of brain image of 18F-florbetaben(18F-FBB)positron emission tomography(PET)on standardized uptake value(SUV).Methods:Eight subjects who underwent 18F-FBB PET examination in Chinese PLA General Hospital from May 2021 to June 2021 were selected,including 5 persons of healthy control and 3 patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).All subjects underwent 18F-FBB PET imaging,and the dynamic PET images of them on brains were continuously acquired for 20 min between 90 and 110 min after the 18F-FBB injection was injected as(3.7-5.5 MBq/kg).Under the situation that other reconstruction parameters did not change,the images were reconstructed at 0-1,0-3,0-5,0-10,0-15 and 0-20 min,respectively.The same of region of interest(ROI)ranges were delineated in bilateral frontal cortex,bilateral temporal cortex,bilateral parietal cortex,posterior cingulate gyrus and cerebellar cortex of each group of images.And then,the corresponding mean standardized uptake value(SUVmean)of each region was obtained.The differences of SUVmean values of different ROI values between each group of data images and the images of 0-20 min were compared and analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in SUVmean between the acquired images in 0-1,0-3,0-5 and 0-10 min and the acquired standard images of 0-20 min(t=-7.569--2.410,P<0.05),respectively.There were no significant differences in SUVmean between the acquired images of 0-15 min and the acquired standard images of 0-20 min in the bilateral frontal lobe,bilateral temporal lobe,bilateral parietal cortex and posterior cingulate gyrus(P>0.05),only there was significant difference in the cerebellar cortex area between them(t=-5.597,P<0.001).Conclusion:The results of 15 min can reach to the similar results of 20 min in acquiring images,which can shorten the time of examination,and enhance the degrees of comfort and cooperation of patients in examination.It has clinical application value.

Objective:To investigate the impact of short-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants on the number of acute stroke daily admissions in Taiyuan, China.Methods:The case data of patients with stroke from three large hospitals in different regions of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 were collected. The daily average concentrations of atmospheric pollutants and meteorological data in Taiyuan during the same period were collected. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between meteorological factors and atmospheric pollutants, and a generalized additive model (GAM) based on time series research and analysis was used to investigate the impact and lag effect of air pollutants on the number of stroke daily admissions. Stratified analysis was performed based on different genders and ages (≤64 years, 65-74 years, and ≥75 years).Results:Between 2018 and 2019, a total of 4 921 patients with acute stroke were collected from three large hospitals, with a daily average of 6.74 stroke admissions. Among them, 4 310 patients (87.6%) had ischemic stroke, 521 (10.6%) had cerebral hemorrhage, and 90 (1.8%) had subarachnoid hemorrhage. GAM analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between short-term exposure to PM 2.5, PM 10, and SO 2 and the number of stroke daily admissions. All three had a significant impact on the number of stroke daily admissions on the day of onset and 3 days later. The maximum effect value was reached on the day of onset, and when the average concentrations of PM 2.5, PM 10, and SO 2 increase by 10 μg/m 3, the number of stroke daily admissions increased by 1.48% (95% confidence interval [ CI] 0.46%-2.53%), 0.80% (95% CI 0.25%-1.36%), and 2.80% (95% CI 0.76%-4.88%), respectively. Stratified analysis showed that exposure to PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, and CO had a more significant impact on the number of stroke daily admissions in male patients, while only PM 10 showed positive results in females. Age stratified analysis showed that PM 2.5 significantly increased the number of stroke daily admissions in individuals aged ≥75 years. Conclusion:Short-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants (PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, and CO) will to some extent increase the number of stroke daily admissions among residents of Taiyuan, especially among males and those aged ≥75 years.

Objective:To investigate the effects of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele on β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in subcortical structures and functional connectivity (FC) between brain regions in patients with Alzheimer′s disease (AD). Methods:Forty-three patients with probable mild/moderate AD were prospectively enrolled from the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2023 and October 2023, including 23 APOE ε4+ patients (12 males and 11 females, age (74.8±8.4) years), 20 APOE ε4- patients (14 males and 6 females, age (77.6±8.9) years) and 20 normal cognitive volunteers (NC) (15 males and 5 females, age (75.3±6.2) years). All subjects underwent 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) PET/MR brain imaging. The differences of gray matter volume (GMV) in subcortical structures (hippocampus, amygdala) among the three groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference (LSD) t test. Independent-sample t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze difference in Aβ deposition between APOE ε4+ patients and APOE ε4- patients, and the correlation between subcortical structure and brain FC. Results:The GMV of bilateral amygdala between NC group and APOE ε4+ gene carrier group, and between APOE ε4+ and APOE ε4- gene carrier groups were significantly different ( F=6.43, P=0.002; P values: 0.002, 0.003). Significant difference of GMV was observed in the bilateral hippocampus among three groups ( F=5.34, P=0.030). Abnormal PIB uptake was detected in both the hippocampus and amygdala of both APOE ε4+ and APOE ε4- gene carrier groups, with a more pronounced effect observed in the APOE ε4+ group ( t values: 3.14, 2.19, P values: 0.032, 0.009). Taking the hippocampus as the seed point, there was no obvious abnormality in the whole brain connectivity map among APOE ε4+, APOE ε4- carriers and NC groups. With the amygdala as the seed point, the whole brain connectivity in the APOE ε4+ gene carrier group was significantly reduced, and the connectivity between the amygdala and the cingulate gyrus, parietal lobe and temporal lobe was significantly reduced in the APOE ε4+ gene carrier group compared with NC group, while the connectivity between the amygdala and the whole brain was not significantly reduced in the APOE ε4- gene carrier group. Aβ deposition in amygdala was positively correlated with FC coefficients of frontal brain regions, gyrus rectus, right middle occipital gyrus and left temporal lobe ( r values: 0.56-0.70, all P<0.05). Conclusion:APOE influences GMV and Aβ deposition of hippocampus and amygdala, and FC of amygdala, and may be involved in the pathological mechanism of cognitive impairment.