No abstract available.
Humans ; Oxidoreductases* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Lipoproteins* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

We studied clinicopathologic features of 44 cases of PM (proper muscle) gastric cancer, correlated the lymph node metastasis and found the result of immunohistochemical staining for tumor angiogenesis using antibodies to Factor VIII-related antigen and nm23-H1, known as meatastasis inhibitory substance. The results were as follows: 1) The average age of these 44 cases of PM gastric cancer was 55.1 years old (range 35-81). The ratio of male to female was 2.2 : 1. The tumor was located at the antrum of stomach in 72.7% of the cases. The average size of the tumor was 4.1 cm (range 0.6-9). The gross features were comprised of Borrmann type I (6.8%), II (29.6%), III (56.8%), IV (6.8%), respectively. The microscopic type was a diffuse type in 70.5% and an intestinal type in 29.5%. There were lymph node metastasis in 25 of the 44 cases (56.8%). 2) The microvessel count was higher in the lymph node positive group (average 69.3) than in the lymph node negative group (average 45.6) (P=0.004). There was a higher microvessel density in diffuse type, over 4 cm of tumor size, proximally located tumor, older than 50 years, Borrmann type II and IV, but there was no statistically significant correlation. 3) The more decreased expression of nm23-H1 was found in the lymph node positive group (56.0%) than in the lymph node negative group (31.6%), but showed no statistical significance (P=0.0142). There was no significant correlation between the expression of nm23-H1 and the other clinicopathologic factors. We suggest that the microvessel count of the tumor angiogenesis may be a prognostic factor for predicting lymph node metastasis and also help to determine the therapeutic modalities of PM gastric cancer.
Antibodies ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes* ; Male ; Microvessels ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; von Willebrand Factor

The empty sella syndrome is characterized by obesity, frequent pregnancy, headache and high blood pressure, but its exact cause remains unknown. Usually the incomplete diaphragmatic sella has been considered as the cause of the empty sella syndrome, but some authors recently have suggested that the antipituitary antibody way be related to development of pituitary atrophy and the pituitary empty sella syndrome, and thus it may be clinically useful as screening test for the empty sella syndrome. We experienced two empty sella syndromes associated Graves disease and applied the antipituitary antibody as the diagnostic tool of the empty sella syndrome. But none of this two patients had antipituitary antibody and we report these cases with reviews of literatures.
Atrophy ; Empty Sella Syndrome ; Graves Disease ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ADL exercise in stroke patients and to define to strategy to promote their self-care ability, decrease to their family burden. METHOD: The experimental design was designed nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The study method had been done by investigating the experimental group and control group through the questionaire on 33 patients. ADL exercise was conducted by the researcher and was carried out experimental group once per day for 20 minutes for daily 28 days. RESULTS: For the ADL exercise, self-care ability score was increased and family burden score was decreased significantly. CONCLUSION: The exercise increased the self-care ability and effect of family burden of stroke patients. Based upon these results, it is recommended that the nurses who take care of stroke patient carry out them the ADL exercise continuously.
Activities of Daily Living ; Humans ; Research Design ; Self Care* ; Stroke*

Bipotent progenitors for T and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes are thought to exist among early precursor thymocytes or liver lymphocytes. The identification of such a progenitor population or mature NK cells in such organs remains undefined. Here we report the identification of a novel receptor of NK cells, p58 (HLA class I-specific inhibitory receptors), in fetal thymocytes and fetal liver lymphocytes. Our finding suggests the NK cells mature in the developmental stage during feta1 ontogeny. Flow cytometric analysis revealed p58 positive cells in thymocytes or in fetal liver lymphocytes and reverse transcription PCR also showed amplification of p58 RNA. The result of single stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) showed it discriminates one or two base pair differences of the p58 gene. Although the question still remains as to whether the expression of p58 is due to the NK cells or natural T cells, it is clear the p58 is expressed in fetal thymocytes or liver lymphocytes. And SSCP analysis using appropriate sets of primers used in this study, is helpful to study the diversity of p58.
Base Pairing ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Liver* ; Lymphocytes* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA ; T-Lymphocytes ; Thymocytes*

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Morusin, a marker component of Morus alba L., possesses anticancer activity. The objective of this study was to determine autophagy-inducing effect of morusin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and investigate the underlying mechanism. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Autophagy induction and the expression of autophagy-related proteins were analyzed by LC3 immunofluorescence and western blot, respectively. The role of autophagy and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was determined by treating NSCLC cells with bafilomycin A1, an autophagy inhibitor, and compound C, an AMPK inhibitor.Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction were determined by MTT assay, trypan blue exclusion assay, annexin V-propidium iodide (PI) double staining assay, and cell cycle analysis. RESULTS: Morusin increased the formation of LC3 puncta in the cytoplasm and upregulated the expression of autophagy-related 5 (Atg5), Atg12, beclin-1, and LC3II in NSCLC cells, demonstrating that morusin could induce autophagy. Treatment with bafilomycin A1 markedly reduced cell viability but increased proportions of sub-G1 phase cells and annexin V-positive cells in H460 cells. These results indicate that morusin can trigger autophagy in NSCLC cells as a defense mechanism against morusin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that AMPK and its downstream acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were phosphorylated, while mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) were dephosphorylated by morusin. Morusin-induced apoptosis was significantly increased by treatment with compound C in H460 cells. These results suggest that morusin-induced AMPK activation could protect NSCLC cells from apoptosis probably by inducing autophagy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that combination treatment with morusin and autophagy inhibitor or AMPK inhibitor might enhance the clinical efficacy of morusin for NSCLC.

PURPOSE: We tried to determine whether six-hour fasting before abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan is necessary to prevent aspiration of gastric contents in patients with acute abdominal pain. METHODS: Adult patients with acute abdominal pain who were checked abdominal CT were enrolled. Exclusion criteria were age <15 years, pregnancy, traumatic cause of symptoms, chronic pain(>7 days), renal impairment and hypersensitivity to contrast media. We compared Group-I (<6-hour fasting) with Group-II(> or =6-hour fasting). We collected the demographic and clinical data on the causes of abdominal pain, pain duration, presence of nausea and vomiting, and use of medications before and after abdominal CT. In order to estimate the volume of gastric contents, we measured the area on the CT image which showed the largest volume of gastric contents. RESULTS: Among the 122 patients, Group-I consisted of 38 patients(31.1%) and Group-II included 84(68.9%). The demographic makeups of the two groups were similar, except for gender proportion (more males in Group-I). Group-I showed significantly greater gastric contents compared than Group-II(46.8+/-32.1 vs. 33.7+/-28.3, p=0.024). A slightly negative correlation (r=-0.2313; 95% CI=-0.3929 to -0.0559) was observed between the fasting time and the volume of gastric contents. However, the frequencies of the nausea [13/38 (34.2%) vs. 26/84 (31%), p=0.721] and vomiting [6/38 (15.8%) vs. 18/84 (21.4%), p=0.468] showed no difference between two groups. There were no aspiration events in either groups. CONCLUSION: Six hours of fasting before abdominal CT may not be required to prevent aspiration of gastric contents in patients with acute abdominal pain.
Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Contrast Media ; Fasting ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Male ; Nausea ; Pregnancy ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; Vomiting