Accessory auricle is a relatively rare congenital anomaly arised from the abnormaI development of the auricular tubercles or from the tissues surrounding the second, third and fourth branchial clefts. Clinically this anomaly is a small akin-colored tag or nodule, soft and globular or cartilaginous consistency on or near the tragus along a line drawn from the tragus to the angle of the mouth or along the anterior margin of the sternomastoid muscle. The lesion is usually solitary and located in the preauricular area but may be multiple and rarely bilateral. We present a typical caae of accessory auricles in 4-day-old female infant. The patient had two skin-colored firm nodules on the left preauricular area and well pedunculated one on the Ieft buccal area near the angle of the rnouth. Histopathologic find.ings showed numerous pilosebaceous units, abundant subcutaneous fat and cartilage tissue in the center of the lesion.
Branchial Region ; Cartilage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Mouth ; Subcutaneous Fat

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Ploidies*

No abstract available.
Hernia, Diaphragmatic*

BACKGROUND: The major causes of small bowel obstruction (SBO) are postoperative adhesion, hernia, intussusception and malignancies. However, in cases of uncommon causes of SBO, surgeons are be in a dilemma because the preoperative diagnosis and the decision to operate are frequently difficult and delayed. METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the cases of 29 patients with SBO who were operated on for unknown etiology at Daedong Hospital between Jan. 1, 1991, and Dec. 31, 1997. The common causes of SBO, such as postoperative adhesion, external hernia, congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract in neonate, intussusception in children, and known intraabdominal malignancy, were all excluded. RESULTS: 1) The incidence of uncommon causes of SBO included in this study was 8.7% of all cases of SBO operated on during the same period. 2) Among the 29 cases, 12 cases were caused by tumors (41.4%), of which the number of malignant tumors was double that of benign ones. 3) Besides tumors, there were 3 cases of bezoar, two cases of congenital bands, mesenteric cysts, internal hernias, Meckel's diverticula, and intussusception, one case each of mesenteric panniculitis and Crohn's disease, and two cases with an unknown etiology of inflammation. 4) Five cases were due to adult intussusception, 3 cases of which were due to benign tumors of the small bowel. All of the SBOs by intussusception were located at the terminal ileum. 5) The most common site of obstruction was the ileum (20 cases), followed by the jejunum (7 cases), and the duodenum (2 cases). 6) Males were dominant (1.6:1) especially in cases of tumor-origin SBOs (2:1). 7) In viewing the age distribution, the incidence was relatively high in the 5th and the 8th decades. Especially, tumor-origin SBOs had their peak in the 5th decade, and all cases of bezoar were found in 8th decade. 8) Operations were performed within 72 hours in 19 cases (65.5%) after first inspection of the patients, and intussusception, congenital band, and bezoar were the common causes of the cases involved in early surgical intervention. 9) Segmental resection of the small bowel was the most common surgical procedure (19 cases, 65.5%), followed by bypass surgery (6 cases), removal of the bezoar (2 cases), and excision of the mesenteric cyst or band (1 case, respectively). Coclusions: We think it reasonable to perform an exploratory laparotomy in cases of unknown causes of SBO as early as possible because almost all the cases require surgical intervention eventually, and studies searching for the causes of obstruction will only be time-consuming. While surgeons should keep in mind that tumors are major causes of uncommon SBOs.
Adult ; Age Distribution ; Bezoars ; Child ; Crohn Disease ; Diagnosis ; Diverticulum ; Duodenum ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hernia ; Humans ; Ileum ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflammation ; Intussusception ; Jejunum ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Mesenteric Cyst ; Panniculitis, Peritoneal ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: Pseudohypoparathyroidism(PHP) is caused by a defect of G protein and receptor despite of normal parathyroid hormone(PTH) secretion. It is a rare disorder characterized by hypocalcemia, hyperphophatemia, elevated PTH levels and albright hereditory osteodystrophy(AHO). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics of PHP. METHODS: We reviewed clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcome to treatment of 8 PHP patients, diagnosed at Seoul National University Hospital from 1988 to rool. RESULTS: Male to Female ratio was 1.7:1 and mean age at diagnosis was 11.8 years old. The initial average height SDS was 0.13+/-.08 and the average weight SDS was 0.43+/-.31. The most common symptom was seizure. Only one patient had typical AHO, three patients had mental retardation. Brain MRI or CT showed basal ganglia calcification in 3 patients. All patients treated with vitamin D and calcium supplementation could maintained normal serum levels of calcium and phophorus. CONCLUSION: PHP should be suspected in patient with seizure of unknown origin, aged above 5 year-old. AHO and mental retardation could be adjuvant signs to the diagnosis of PHP. But definite diagnosis could be made by laboratory work up.
Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Calcium ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Female ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia ; Intellectual Disability ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pseudohypoparathyroidism* ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Seoul ; Vitamin D

The estimation of age is an important issue in forensic science, and the forensic community has attempted many times to establish methods for solving this issue. Aging leads to alterations in tissues and organs at the molecular level. These alterations at the molecular level may aid forensic scientists to estimate the age of a living person or a dead body. Initially, the focus was on the genetic components of aging, but recently, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as the key contributors to the alterations in genome structure and function that accompany aging. In particular, DNA methylation is one of the best-understood mechanisms, and it has been suggested as a promising biomarker for age estimation in many studies. In this review, we summarize the recent studies on age-associated DNA methylation changes in different tissues and discuss its possible and practical applications in forensics.
Aging ; DNA ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenomics ; Forensic Sciences ; Genome ; Humans

No abstract available.
Malignant Atrophic Papulosis*

The determination of proliferative activity in the colorectal mucosa has been used for different purposes as the estimation of cancer risk and the assessment of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. But the prognostic significance of proliferative activity in colorectal carcinomas remains controversial. To investigate the prognostic significance of proliferative activity in colorectal carcinomas, the author estimated the proliferative activity immunohisto chemically using the monoclonal antibody PCNA and compared with clinicopathological data in 62 colorectal carcinomas. The results were as follows: 1) The reactivity of PCNA was more pronounced at the infiltrative margins of the tumors and tumor cells within the vascular or lymphatic channels. 2) The mean PCNA index of colorectal carcinomas was 40.5?0.4%. PCNA indices had positive correlations with lymph node invasion(p<0.05), liver, metastasis(p<0.05), Dukes' stage(p<0.01) and TNM classification(p<0.01), and didn't correlated with location of tumor, size of tumor, histological type and lymphtic or vascular invasion. 3) The patients with high PCNA index(more than 45%) represented higher recurrence or metastasis rate(37.5%) than those with low PCNA index (less than 45%)(19.3%) in Dukes B or C colorectal carcinomas during the follow-up periods, but not significant statistically. These results suggested that the reactivity of PCNA may be a useful prognostic factors in colorectal carcinomas.
Neoplasm Metastasis

Responses of mouse lymphocytes to the soybean paste fermented by Korean traditional fashion was examined to clarify its effects in cytokine production in vitro. A fraction of the soybean paste (KFSP-100) was prepared by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and by filtration through ultrafiltration membrane. KFSP-100 were added into cultures of fresh mouse splenic cells in vitro. KFSP-100 significantly enhanced the amount of IL-6 and TNF-a produced by macrophages and IL-6 and IFN-r produced by lymphocytes. Production of IL-12 by macrophages was not much affected by KFSP-100 treatments. The most noticeable finding was the fact that lymphocytes treated with KFSP-100 proliferated to an exceeding numbers (more than 10 times to the control) in 72 hours. The KFSP-100-induced proliferative response was specific to B cells since almost all of the KFSP-100-induced cells in the cultures of splenic cells were B cells. Furthermore, such a proliferative responses were equally observed only in cultures of purified B cells but not in cultures of T cells. In thermostability test, the biologically active components of the KFSP-100 is assumed to be either linear protein or glycoprotein. KFSP-100 did not induce agglutination of lymphocytes demonstrated by lectins in the same cells. These observations suggest that KFSP-100 may be a novel mitogen for B lymphocytes. The component (s) responsible for the B cell proliferation in KFSP-100 might be a factor gained by natural fermentation. None of the fractions of not fermented soybean paste prepared by the same methods demonstrate the same effect.
Agglutination ; Ammonium Sulfate ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Proliferation ; Fermentation ; Filtration ; Glycoproteins ; Immunologic Factors* ; Interleukin-12 ; Interleukin-6 ; Lectins ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Membranes ; Mice ; Soybeans* ; T-Lymphocytes ; Ultrafiltration

Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids is rare and is usually seen in the elderly persons. The meibomian glands of the tarsus are the frequent sites of origin. The characteristic feature is a firm, painless nodule on the upper eyelid, We present a typical case of the sebaceous carcinoma in 60 year-old female. The patient had 1 * 1cm sized, hard, fixed, non-tender mass with bleeding on the right lateral canthus of 3~4 months duration. The histopathology of the lesion showed irregular sized lobules in the dermis with invasive growth to the surrounding stroma. Many fat containing sebaceous celles are seen in the center of the lobules.
Aged ; Ankle ; Dermis ; Eyelids ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Meibomian Glands ; Middle Aged