No abstract available.
Parturition*

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PURPOSE: To investigate audiometery and characteristics related to tinnitus in tinnitus patients. and to understand the relationship between the discomfort of tinnitus and the quality of life. Methods: The subjects were 110 patients with tinnitus. The data were collected using tinnitus handicap questionnaire. quality of life, and pure tone audiometry, which measured hearing level in dB and frequency in Hz matching of tinnitus. RESULTS: Majority of tinnitus patients (75.5%~81.8%) had normal auditory sensation. but 82.7% of patients indicated that they have heard tinnitus frequently. or always, and the major sounds of tinnitus were wing, wung, wang, The matching sounds of tinnitus had various range in hearing level(dB) and frequency(Hz). Tinnitus patients reported moderate levels of the discomfort of tinnitus and the quality of life, and there were negative correlation between the discomfort of tinnitus and the quality of life(r=-.314, p .00l). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that special attention is needed for tinnitus patients because the physical. psychological. and social impacts of tinnitus could be decrease their quality of life, Specialized nursing intervention considering specific conditions related to tinnitus is required to solve various health problems of tinnitus patients.
Audiometry ; Hearing ; Humans ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sensation ; Social Change ; Tinnitus*

BACKGROUND: Vibrio vulnificus(V. vulnificus) is a pathogenic, marine, halophilic, Gram negative bacillus which causes fulminant infection in humans through skin wounds. or the ingestion of raw seafoods or Most cases are reported sporadically in summer in the south-western coastal area of Korea. OBJECTIVE: We studied the distribution of V. vulnificus in sea water, fishes, shellfish and sea mud from May to October in 1996 and the relationship between regional distribution and environmental factors. METHODS: We collected the sea water, sea mud, fishes and seafoods from May to October in Kunsan, Daechun, Moochangpo, Puan, Youngkwang and cultured it in Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile salt-Sucrose(TCBS) agar, Cellobiose-Polymyxin B-Colistin(CPC) agar, and Sodium dodecyl sulfate- Polymyxin B-Sucrose(SPS) agar. At the same time we investigated environmental factors such as temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen(DO), NO3 of sea water. RESULTS: Twelve strains(2.17%) of V. vulnificus were isolated from a total of 552 specimens. The V. vulnificas isolation rate from sea mud was higher than in sea water and shellfish. Areas where V. vulnipcus was isolated were Kunsan and Daechun. It was isolated during June, July and August. The Isolation rate was higher with CPC agar than TCBS, SPS agar. When V.vulnificus was isolated at Kunsan, the environmental factors of sea water noted were as follows: temperature, 25.3C; turbidity, 121Formazine turbidity units; salinity, 12.2%; DO, 7.3mg/L; pH, 7.37 and NO3, 1.18mg/L. CONCLUSION: CPC agar is the best medium of the three above used for the isolation of V. vulnificus from environmental samples. V. vulnificus was highly isolated in the Kunsan area because of the high water temperature and turbidity, low salinity and weak alkali state of the sea water in comparision with other areas. We suggest that high temperature and turbidity, low salinity and weak alkalinity of sea water are very important environmental factors for the growth of V. vulnificus.
Agar ; Alkalies ; Bacillus ; Eating ; Fishes ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Jeollabuk-do ; Korea* ; Polymyxins ; Salinity ; Seafood ; Seawater* ; Shellfish ; Skin ; Sodium ; Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio* ; Water ; Wounds and Injuries

Erythema nodosum is clinical entity defined easily, but because of the variable histopathologic findings showing involvement of the vessels, septa, and fat lobules, the histopathologic features often are not compatible with the clinical diagnosis, We present the results of clinical and histopathologic findings in 26 patients with erythema nodosum observed at the Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, fram January 1973 to August 1976. 1. Clinical Findings Erythema nodosum is characterized by painful erythematous nodose lesion occurring symmetrically(92%) on shins(50%) or shins and calves(50%) of women(M: F==4: 22) between sixteen to twenty five years old of age(58%) chiefly. In laboratory study, leukocytosis(1/17) was rare but increased titers of antistreptolysin(64%) and elevation of E.S.R.(88%) were found frequently. 2. Histopathologic Findings Even though hemorrhage(73%), perivascular(100%) and periadnexal(85%) inflammatory cell infiltration were frequently seen in histopathologic changes of erythema nodosum, these changes were nonspecific. Moreover, granulomatous change (38%), thrombophlehitis(35%) and necrosis of fatty tiasue(38%) were observed not infrequently in erythema nodosum. So we concluded that there were no specific histopathologic findings in erythema nodosum which differentiated from the other erythematous nodose diseases on the legs consisted of panniculitis, thrombophlebitis or granulomatous changes.
Dermatology ; Diagnosis ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Humans ; Leg ; Necrosis ; Panniculitis ; Seoul ; Thrombophlebitis

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Decidua* ; Female ; Humans*

The measurement of tumor cell proliferation is becoming inueasingly recognized in defining prognostic groups. Boliferatirg cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) imrnunolocalimtion can be used as an index of cell proliferation and rnay define the extent of deppature from norrmil gmwth control. PCNA is eonsidered to be maker of cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to evnlunte the expreeion of PCNA in epithelial ocarian cancer as well as the possible correlation with degree of differentiation, tumor etage and overall survival. The material consisted of 35 epithehal ovarian cancer. The PCNA labelling index (Ll) ranged from 7.5% to 92.5% with a median value of 46.7%. PCNA labelling index (LI) is 30% in grade 1, 63% in grade 2, and 100% in grade 3 in epithelial ovarian cancer(p>0.05). Also, a positive correlation was found between PCNA labelling index (LI) and clinical stage (P<0.05) The estimated 3 year survival in patients with a tumor LI below the median (low proliferative group) was higher than those with a tumor LI greater than the median(high proliferation group) (87.5% VS 50%, P<0.05).
Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Prognosis* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

The measurement of tumor cell proliferation is becoming inueasingly recognized in defining prognostic groups. Boliferatirg cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) imrnunolocalimtion can be used as an index of cell proliferation and rnay define the extent of deppature from norrmil gmwth control. PCNA is eonsidered to be maker of cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to evnlunte the expreeion of PCNA in epithelial ocarian cancer as well as the possible correlation with degree of differentiation, tumor etage and overall survival. The material consisted of 35 epithehal ovarian cancer. The PCNA labelling index (Ll) ranged from 7.5% to 92.5% with a median value of 46.7%. PCNA labelling index (LI) is 30% in grade 1, 63% in grade 2, and 100% in grade 3 in epithelial ovarian cancer(p>0.05). Also, a positive correlation was found between PCNA labelling index (LI) and clinical stage (P<0.05) The estimated 3 year survival in patients with a tumor LI below the median (low proliferative group) was higher than those with a tumor LI greater than the median(high proliferation group) (87.5% VS 50%, P<0.05).
Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Prognosis* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

BACKGROUND: It is now well established that hypercholesterolemia is an important cause of coronary heart disease, and clinical intervention studies have demonstrated the therapeutic value of correcting hypercholesterolemia. One of lipoprotein, lipoprotein(a) [LP(a)] contains one(or two) molecule of apo(a) linked to apo B100 by a disulphied bridge, is associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. NIDDM patients have a two-to fourfold increased risk of coronary heart disease relative to nondiabetic subjects. This excess risk is explained only partially by increased levels of standard risk factors. This study was conducted to assess the relatioship between serum Lp(a) levels and coronary heart disease. Furthermore, whether the Lp(a) level was related with NIDDM or not. METHODS: Total 83 subjects undergoing coronary angiography were evaluated on clinical risk factors and lipid profies with Lp(a). Among them, 24 subjects had normal coronary artery, while the others revealed significant stenosis of coronary arteries more than 50%. RESULTS: The serum Lp(a) levels of the CHD group were significantly higher than control group(37.4 +/- 31.8mg/dl vs 22.6 +/- 12.9mg/dl). Other lipids profile were not significantly dfferent between two groups. Serum Lp(a) levels had no relations to fasting blood sugar level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of lipid parameters revealed that cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and Lp(a) were best discriminator among risk factors for coronary heart disease. But in our study, the serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were within normal range. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that Lp(a) level was a significant independent risk factor for coronary heart disease whether there was fasting hyperglycemia or not.
Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Disease* ; Coronary Vessels ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Fasting ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hyperglycemia ; Clinical Trial ; Lipoprotein(a)* ; Lipoproteins ; Logistic Models ; Reference Values ; Risk Factors*

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine whether deep vein thrombosis (DVT) predominantly occurred on a particular side in the pelvic and lower extremity veins. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 259 consecutive patients with leg swelling, 65 were confirmed to have DVT in the pelvis and lower extremities, and enrolled in this study. The serum levels of initial D-dimer, antithrombin III, tissue plasminogen activator, factor VIII, proteins C and S, anticardiolipin antibodies immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM and lupus anticoagulant were measured and analyzed retrospectively. Lower extremity venous system was divided into 11 anatomic segments on each side, and thrombotic involvement in each segment was recorded to determine the laterality of thrombotic involvement for each patient. The presence of thrombus in a specific vein was assigned using a Thrombus Scoring System (TSS) score of 1. Predominant direction was determined based on the TpSS score for each side. RESULTS: Left-side predominat DVT (57%) was most frequent. Patients with both-side equivalent DVT had the highest total TSS score (P=0.022). The predominant side was significantly different between men (right 44.1%) and women (left 74.2%) (P=0.022). Patients with both-side equivalent DVT had the highest mean age (69.3+/-9.9 years) as well as the highest mean levels of initial D-dimer (13.8+/-20.7 microg/mL) and anticardiolipin antibody IgM (13.4+/-22.8 MPL) indicating increased coagulability. CONCLUSION: In the current study, left-side predominant DVT is most frequent in pelvis and lower extremities, and this phenomenon is more apparent in women. And both-side equivalent DVT is associated with the most advanced age and hypercoagulability.
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin ; Antithrombin III ; Factor VIII ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Leg ; Lower Extremity* ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ; Male ; Pelvis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; Veins* ; Venous Thrombosis*