No abstract available.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: To describe the imaging findings of traumatic intracranial aneurysms (TICA) in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five boys aged 3-15 (mean, 7) years with surgically confirmed TICA were included in this study. All had a history of nonpenetrating head trauma, and they underwent precontrast CT imaging immediately after the injury and follow-up CT or MRI. In all cases, angiography revealed the presence of aneurysms, which at surgery were shown to be pseudoaneurysms with severe adhesions. RESULTS: Angiography demonstrated that all aneurysms were located in the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) or its branches. The precise locations were the A2 segment of the ACA, the site of origin of the callosomarginal artery or its first branch, or of the anterior internal frontal artery, or between the first and second branch of the pericallosal artery. In all patients, precontrast CT performed immediately after trauma depicted subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the anterior interhemispheric fissure (AIHF). Follow-up precontrast CT showed nodular high density around the anterior falx in three, recurrent SAH in the AIHF in two, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with intraventricular hemorrhage in two. In two patients with a nodular high-density lesion, nodular enhancement was demonstrated at postcontrast CT, and in one, follow-up MRI revealed a nodular signal void around the anterior falx; nodular enhancement was seen at postcontrast imaging, and MR angiogram depicted a saccular aneurysm. In one patient, MRI demonstrated infarction in the caudate nucleus and ACA territory. CONCLUSION: If, after head injury, an area of nodular high density is revealed by CT, or a signal void by MRI, or if SAH or ICH is present around the anterior falx, the possibility of TICA should be considered.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, False ; Angiography ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Arteries ; Caudate Nucleus ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Child* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

The purpose of this study is to observe and compare the dynamic change of artificially demineralized enamel by remineralization solutions of different degrees of saturation at pH 4.3. In this study, 30 enamel specimens were demineralized artificially by lactic acid buffered solution. Each of 10 specimens was immersed in pH 4.3 remineralization solution of three different degrees of saturation (0.22, 0.30, 0.35) for 10 days. After demineralization and remineralization, images were taken by a polarizing microscope (x 100). The density of lesion were determined from images taken after demineralization and remineralization. During remineralization process, mineral deposition and mineral loss occurred at the same time. After remineralization, total mineral amount and width of surface lesion increased in all groups. The higher degree of saturation was, the more mineral deposition occurred in surface lesion and the amount of mineral deposition was not much in subsurface lesion. Total demineralized depth increased in all groups.
Dental Enamel ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lactic Acid

Presumed risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, high hematocrit and high hemoglobin was retrospectively studied in 260 strokes (125 cerebral infarction, 79 Intracerebral hemorrhage, 56 subarachnoid hemorrhage) and 266 age and sex matched neurological inpatients controls from 1985 Mar. to 1988 Feb. in Keiymung University Dongsan Hospital. The frequency of hypertension is significantly higher in patients of intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage but not significantly higher in patients of cerebral infarction. The level of serum total lipids, beta-lipoproteins and total cholesterols is significantly higher in patients of cerebral infarction but the level of serum triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and the ratio of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol is not correlated with cerebral infarction. The level of hematocrit and hemogiobin is significantly higher in patients of cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage. These results suggest hypertension, hyperlipidemia, high hematocrit and high hemoglobin may be risk factors of stroke in Korea as well as in Western countries.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cholesterol ; Hematocrit ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Inpatients ; Korea ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Stroke* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Triglycerides

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tire manufacturing work environments extensively and to identify workers' exposure to hazardous substances in various work processes. METHODS: Personal air sampling was conducted to measure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon disulfide, 1,3-butadiene, styrene, methyl isobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexane, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, and rubber fume in tire manufacturing plants using the National Institute for Occupational Safety Health Manual of Analytical Methods. Noise, carbon monoxide, and heat stress exposure were evaluated using direct reading instruments. Past concentrations of rubber fume were assessed using regression analysis of total particulate data from 2003 to 2007, after identifying the correlation between the concentration of total particulate and rubber fume. RESULTS: Workers were exposed to rubber fume that exceeded 0.6 mg/m3, the maximum exposure limit of the UK, in curing and production management processes. Forty-seven percent of workers were exposed to noise levels exceeding 85 dBA. Workers in the production management process were exposed to 28.1degrees C (wet bulb globe temperature value, WBGT value) even when the outdoor atmosphere was 2.7degrees C (WBGT value). Exposures to other substances were below the limit of detection or under a tenth of the threshold limit values given by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. CONCLUSION: To better classify exposure groups and to improve work environments, examining closely at rubber fume components and temperature as risk indicators in tire manufacturing is recommended.
Aerosols ; Atmosphere ; Butadienes ; Carbon Disulfide ; Carbon Monoxide ; Cyclohexanes ; Formaldehyde ; Hazardous Substances ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Methyl n-Butyl Ketone ; Noise ; Occupational Exposure ; Occupational Health ; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic ; Rubber ; Styrene ; Sulfur Dioxide ; Threshold Limit Values

Hematemesis is not infrequent occurences in the neonatal period. Physician's first task is to determine whether this blood is maternal in origin or whether the infant is bleeding internally. Fetal blood indicates one of a variety of lesions and its source may be difficult to determine. The causes are esophagitis, peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodernum, hemorrhagic disease and pulmonary hemorrhage etc. We have experienced a case of massive hematemesis that occured in a 1 day of life. we conducted 24 hour pH monitoring, upper gastrointestinal barium series, and endoscopy with biopsy. this case showed esophagitis due to gastroesohageal reflux and errosive gastritis by above procedures. If there is hematemesis during the neonatal period, the esophagitis and gastritis should be considered.
Barium ; Biopsy ; Endoscopy ; Esophagitis ; Esophagitis, Peptic* ; Fetal Blood ; Gastritis* ; Hematemesis* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant ; Stomach ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: Subcutaneous injection of 5% formalin in the hind paw of the rat produces a biphasic nociceptive response. The second phase depends on changes in dorsal horn cell function that occur shortly after the initial C-fiber discharge, spinal sensitization, or windup phenomenon. Several studies about the effect of analgesic or anesthetic drugs on spinal sensitization has been done and we studied the effects of common intravenous anesthetic agents, thiopental, propofol and ketamine on spinal sensitization. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200 to 250 gm were used for this study. Under halothane anesthesia PE-10 catheter was introduced into the right internal jugular vein, and tunnelled subcutaneously to the back of the rat. Before formalin test, animals were given saline 0.2 ml, propofol 10 mg/kg, propofol 6 mg/kg, thiopental 15 mg/kg, or ketamine 15 mg/kg. After formalin injection flinching was counted for 90 minutes. RESULTS: Propofol caused a significant decrease in phase 2 activity while thiopental showed no difference compared to control. Ketamine also caused a significant decrease in phase 2 activity. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol and ketamine not thiopental alter the spinal sensitization in rats. So we consider that these agents may have beneficial effect on attenuation of postoperative pain.
Anesthesia ; Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Intravenous* ; Animals ; Catheters ; Formaldehyde* ; Halothane ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Jugular Veins ; Ketamine ; Pain Measurement* ; Pain, Postoperative ; Posterior Horn Cells ; Propofol ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thiopental

PURPOSE: To study the effect of ceftezole Na on the matrix of femoral epiphyseal plates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were intraperitoneally injected with ceftezole Na (1500 mg/kg B.W) was every day for a week. The specimens obtained from the femoral head were stained with alcian blue (pH 2.5)-P.A.S. to detect the distribution of acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides, and ultrastructural studies for growth plates were also performed. RESULTS: We found that interterritorial and territorial matrices of treatment groups were weakly stained than that of control groups and dilatation and sacculation were observed in rough endoplasmic reticulums in the chondrocyte of the treated group. CONCLUSIONS: According to the histochemical and ultrastructural research, ceftezole Na induces a decrease in mucosubstances in the chondrocytes of growth plate.
Alcian Blue ; Animals ; Cephalosporins* ; Chondrocytes ; Dilatation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Growth Plate* ; Head* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Lymphatic Diseases* ; Pericardial Effusion*