A clinical and histologic survey was done on 71 cases of basal cel carcinoma(BCC) filed at Department of Clinical Fathology, Kang Nam, Han Kang, and Kang Dong Sacred Heart Hospital during past 13 year s from 1979 to 1991. The results were summerized as follows: 1. Of all malignant skin tumors BCC accounted for 31.6%. The frequency of BCC in the total number of outpatients visiting the Department of Dermatology was 0.06%. 2. The ratio of men to women with HCC was 1:1.03. 83.8% of the pat.ients with BCC were older than the age of l0 years with the mean age of 56.9 years. 3. 83.8% of the BCC appared in the face, especially on the nose(25.4%), eyelid(20.3%). 4. On the basis of classification of Lever et al, the solid type(66.7% ) was the most com mon histologic pattern, followed by the adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification of Farmer et al, the nodulocystic type(35.1% ) was the most common histologic pattern followed by infiltrative(31.6%), adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification on Sexton et al, in the order of decreasing frequency, liistologic subtypes were the nodular(43.9%), mixed (22.8%), infiltrative(19.3%), supeficial(3.5%), morpheic(3.5%), and micronodular(3.5%).
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients ; Skin

One author's affiliation is misspelled in original article.

Cavernous hemangioma is the venous malformation that most frequently involves the orbit, And in orbital venography, the injection of contrast medium(conray) is made into a branch of frontal vein. The films are taken after delivery of 5 ml and immediately prior to the end of the injection. A preliminary control film is also obtained for this subtraction studies. Recently, authors experienced a case of orbital hemangioma which is caused unilateral proptosis of right eye(6 yr, old boy) and confirmed this patient as an orbital cavernous hemangioma by the technical aid of orbital venography under general anesthesia. Subtraction technique of R. orbital venograms following catheterization of one of the frontal veins revealed that 3rd segment of R. superior ophthalmic vein including 1st and 2nd segments is slightly displaced medially and superiorly of the frontal projection. They were somewhat dilated in caliber. Some dilated and tortuous vessels were filled with contrast media in the inferomedial aspect of the R. oribit from possible Srd segment of SOV. on the R. down lateral projection, there were abnormaly abundant dilated and tortuous vessels in the lateral portion of the orbit. It is fed from the R. angular vein, and CM are drained from the lesion to the dilated IOV at its posterior portion. R transfemoral arteriograms(AP, Lat) showed mild elevation of 3rd portion of the ophthalmic artery superiorly on the lateral projection, but it appeared normal caliber. The supraorbital and muscular branches as well as choroid crescent were not remarkable in this case. R. external carotid angiogram(LAT) showed within normal patterns. Angiographic diagnosis was a large venous malformation involving the lateral and posterior portions of the R. orbit, most likely cavernous hemangioma. Final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological study of an excised hemangioma. After surgical removal the visual acuity was improved to normal without any disability of the eye.
Anesthesia, General ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Choroid ; Contrast Media ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Hemangioma ; Hemangioma, Cavernous* ; Humans ; Ophthalmic Artery ; Orbit* ; Phlebography* ; Subtraction Technique ; Veins ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: Recently several clinical studies suggested that maternal treatment with magnesium sulfate had protective effects against cerebral palsy in premature infants. But previous studies with differing perinatal animal models resulted in inconclusive results with regard to magnesium neuroprotection. Our purpose was to study the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and optimal dosage on hypoxicischemic brain damage in the newborn rat. METHOD: Seven-day-old rats(n=68) underwent right carotid ligation, followed by 3 hours of hypoxia(8% oxygen in 92% nitrogen). Rats received magnesium sulfate immediately before and again after hypoxia(two doses, 150mg-600mg/kg/dose, n=39), or saline solution(n=29). Severity of injury was assessed 5 days later, by visual evaluation of ipsilateral hemisphere infarction and by measurement of bilateral hemispheric cross sectional areas. RESULTS: Magnesium sulfate pre-treatment reduced the incidence of liquefactive cerebral infarction and atrophy from 80.8% in controls to 22.2% with magnesium sulfate(450 mg/kg/dose, P<0.05). Quantitation of hemispheric areas confirmed these findings. Percent protection based on inter-hemisphere area differences by pre-treatment with magnesium sulfate 450mg/kg/dose ranged from 71.1%(hippocampus) to 90.8%(striatum). However higher dose of magnesium(600mg/kg/dose) did not attenuate hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn rat but increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment of magnesium sulfate has neuroprotective effects against hypoxia-ischemia in the newborn rat and adequate dose of magnesium sufate is important to protect the brain. Magnesium pretreatment may be an effective strategy to decrease the severity of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the adequate dose.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebral Palsy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Infarction ; Ligation ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Models, Animal ; Mortality ; Neuroprotective Agents* ; Oxygen ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Humans

The writers have conducted the investigation to assess the nutritional status of young rural Korean children aged form 0 to 4 years old in August 1971. The survey areas were Kaejong-myon, Daeya-myon, Okku-gun, Jeonra-bukdo, Korea. These survey areas were typical agriculture plain areas. The total numbers of children examined were 2,706 comprising 1,394 male and 1,312 female. the weight, height, and chest circumference of children were measured and means and standard deviations were calculated for each measurement. In addition, the nutritional status of each child was classified by the four levels of malnutrition and the Gomez classification. The examination of red blood cell count, haematocrit value, and intestinal parasite infection were carried out at the same time. In general, recent work tend to suggest that environment influences, especially nutrition, are of great importance than genetic background or other biological factors for physical growth and development. Certainly the physical dimensions of the body are much influenced by nutrition, particularly in the rapidly growing period of early childhood. Selected body measurements can therefore give valuable information concerning protein-calory malnutrition. Growth can also be affected by bacterial, viral, and parasite infection. For the field workers in a developing country, therefore, nutritional anthropometry appears to be of greatest value in the assessment of growth failure and undernutrition, principally from lack of protein and calories. In order to compare and evaluate the data obtained, the optimal data of growth from the offspring of the true well-fed, medically and socially protected are needed, So-called "Standards" that have been compiled for preschool children in Korea, However, are based on measurement of children from middle or lower socio-economic groups, sho are in fact, usually undernourished from six months of age onwards and continuously exposed to a succession of infective and parasitic diseases. So that, the Harvard Standards which os one of the international reference standards was used as the reference standards in this study. Findings of the survey were as follows: A. Anthropometric data: 1) Comparing the mean values for body weight obtained with the Korean standard weight of the same age, the rural Korean children were slightly haevier than the Korean standard values in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children values, the rural Koran children were slightly haevier in male and in the infant period of female but lighter in female of the period of 1 to 4 years old than Japanese children. 2) Comparing the mean values for height obtained with the Korean standard height of the same age, the rural Korean children were taller than the Korean standard values except the second half of infant period in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children, the rural Korean children were slightly smaller than Japanese children except the first half of infant period in both sexes. 3)Mean values of chest circumference of rural Korean children obtained were less than the Korean standard values of the same ages in birth sexes. B. Prevalence of Protein-Calory Malnutrition: Children examined were divided into two groups, i. e. , infant (up to the first birthday) and toddler (1 to $ years old). 1) Percentage of four levels of malnutrition: a) when the nutritional status of each child was classified (1) by body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 52.8%(infant 83.3%, toddler 44.4%) and 39.7%(infant 74.5%, toddler 30.5%), the first level of malnutrition were 31.9% (infant 13.7%,toddler 36.9%) and 31.7%(infant 15.3%, toddler 36.0%), the second level of malnutrition were 12.3%(infant 1.7%, toddler 15.3%) and 23.3% (infant 7.7%, toddler 27.5%), the third level of malnutrition were 2.7%(infant 0.7%, toddler 3.2%) and 4.6%(infant 1.8%, toddler 5.3%) the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.3% (infant 0.7%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.7%(0.7% for infant and toddler) respectively. (2)by height value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 80.3%(infant 97.3%, toddler 75.6%) and 75.1%(infant 96.4%, toddler 69.5%), the first levels of malnutrition were 17.9%(infant 2.0%, toddler 22.3%) and 23.6%(infant 3.6%, toddler 28.8%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.2%(infant 0.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 1.1%(infant 0%, toddler 1.4%), the third level of malnutrition were 0.4%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.2%(infant 0%, toddler 0.3%), the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 0% respectively. (3) By body weight in relation to height, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 87.9%(infant 77.6%, toddler 87.9%) and 78.2%(infant 77.4%, toddler 78.2%), the first level if malnutrition were 12.2%(infant 18.4%, toddler 10.6%) and 18.2%(infant 17.9%, toddler 18.3%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.9%(infant 3.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 3.0%(infant 3.3%, toddler 2.9%), the third level of malnutrition of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0%)and 0.3%(infant 1.5%, toddler 0%) respectively. b) When the nutritional status of each child according to the mother's aged mother (31 to 40 years old) and old aged mother (41 years of above) was classified. (1) By body weight, among infants and toddlers, at each year of age, with increasing the mother's age, there was an increase in percentage of subjects underweight. This tendency of increasing percentage f underweight was more significant in the infant period than the toddler period. (2) By height value, no significant differences between each mother's age group were found. c) When the nutritional status of each child according to the birth rank, i. e. , lower birth rank(first to third) an higher birth rank(fourth of above) was classified. (1) By weight value, children of higher birth rank were slightly more often underweight than those of lower birth rank, but not significant. (2) By height value, no differences were found between children of lower and higher birth rank. 2) Gomez Classification: When the nutritional status of each child was classified a) By body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children, attained standard growth were 53.1%(infant 82.6%, toddler 44.9%) and 39.2%(infant 73.4%, toddler 30.1%), the first degree of malnutrition were 39.4%(infant 14.7%, toddler 46.2%) and 47.1%(infant 21.9%, toddler 53.8%), the second degree of malnutrition were 7.3%(infant 2.3%, toddler 8.6%) and 12.9%(infant 4.0%, toddler 15.2%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.2%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.8%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0.9%) respectively. b)By body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children, attained standard growth were 80.8%(infant 97.0%, toddler 76.3%) and 73.8%(infant 95.6%, toddler 68.0%), the first degree of malnutrition were 18.5%(infant 2.7%, toddler 22.9%) and 24.6%(infant 4.4%, toddler 30.0%), the second degree of malnutrition were 0.6%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.7%) and 0.5%(infant 0.1%, toddler 0.7%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 1.1%(infant 0%, toddler 1.3%) respectively. C. Results of clinical laboratory examination: 1) Red blood cells: The range of mean red blood counts for male and female were 3,538,000/m3 to 4,483,000/m3 respectively. The lowest red cell counts were seen at the age of 0-3 months for male and 1-2 months for female. 2) Haematocrit value: The ranges of haematocrit value of male and female were 35.1% to 38.8% and 34.7% to 38.8% respectively. The lowest haematocrit values were seen at the age of 2-3 months for male and 1-2months for female. 3)The prevalence rates of intestinal parasites for male and female children with Ascaris lumbricoides were 34.1%(infant 18.8%, toddler 38.1%) and 36.0%(infant 18.4%, toddler 40.7%), with Trichocephalus trichiuris were 6.8%(infant 2.9%, toddler 7.9%) and 9.0%(infant 3.0%, toddler 10.6%), with Hookworm were 0.3%(infant 0.5%, toddler 0.2%)and 0.3%(infant 0.5%, toddler 0.3%), with Clonorchis sinensis were 0.4%(infant 0%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%)respectively.
Agriculture ; Ancylostomatoidea ; Anthropometry ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biological Factors ; Body Weight ; Cell Count ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Classification ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Developing Countries ; Erythrocyte Count ; Erythrocytes ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Infant ; Korea* ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Mothers ; Nutritional Status* ; Parasites ; Parasitic Diseases ; Parturition ; Prevalence ; Thinness ; Thorax ; Trichuris

Febrile ulceronecrotic PLEVA is an unusually severe from of PLEVA, characterized by the sudden onset of diffuse ulceronecrotic eruption aasociated with high fever. A mild eruption precede the acute fulminating course, We observed a 13-year-old boy presenting the form of febrile ulceronecrotic PLEVA. The histologic features were those of PLEVA. He received the systemic corticosteroids with aupportive care. To recognize this disorder is important because of a possibly fatal outcome, So close attention and vigorous therapy are necessary.
Adolescent ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Fatal Outcome ; Fever ; Humans ; Male ; Pityriasis Lichenoides* ; Pityriasis*

Hurthle cell tumors are an infrequent neoplasm of the thyroid gland in adults. Hurthle cell tumors represent 4. 5% to 10% of all primary thyroid epithelial neoplasms in the foreign literature. It has been known as Hurthle cell tumor since Ewing was the first to use this term in 1928. Tumor occurring in an infant was described by Symmers(1941) and Morrow(1945). The authors experienced a case of congenital Hurthle cell tumor of the thyroid gland in a 2 months old boy. He was admitted to the pediatric surgical department because of a growing mass in the neck since birth. Ultrasonogram showed a huge lobulated homogenous solid mass with medium level echogenicity in the region of the thyroid gland. Subtotal thyroidectomy of right lobe and total thyroidectomy of left lobe were done. The specimen measures 2x3x1.5 cm and 7x3x3 cm, respectively. It was an encapsulated, yellow gray firm and solid mass. The cut surface was smooth, glistening and homogenous. Microscopicully, the tumor was composed of tightly packed regular follicles lined by polyhedral, cuboidal, large cells with a granular acidophilic cytoplasms. The nuclei are vesicular, usually only a little bit larger than those of normal thyroid cells.
Infant ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

We performed analysis of 79 childhood patients diagnosed as vitiligo and nevus depigmentosus in Tediatric Dermatologie Department of Seoul National University Hospital from March 1987 to September 1987. The results were as follows : 1. Of the 79 patients, 31 patients(39.2%) were vitiligo 21 patients(26.6% )were nevus depigmentosus and 27 patients(34.2%)were uncertain by cliniral diagnostic ctriteri.. 2. Viiligo began rarely in infancy(6.4% )and most appeared evenly in all childhood over 1 year old. Nevus clepigmentosus was present at birth in 57.1% of patients and was discovered within the first 6 months after birth in 42.9% of patients. 3. In vitiligo, most lesions were multiple. The most common site of involvement was the face, and there was this tendency of periorficial predisposition. In nevus ciepigmentosus, most lesions were solitary. The most, common aites of involvement were the lowed limbs and trunk, but there was no tendency of periorfcial presposition. 4. We found focal type of vitiligo in,51,6% of patients, vulgaris type in 32. 3 % acrofacial type in 9.6% and segmerital type in 6.5%. We also found isolated pattern of nevus clepigrnento us in 76.2% of patients, ciermatomal p<:ttern in 19.0ki and whorlec1 pattern in 4.8% The contrast enhiancement between the hypopigmented skin and nomal surrounding skin by Wood's light, examinatior reflected the epiclermal melanin pig merit, i. e., the more marked loss of pigmentation, the more accentuatian of the contrast The before, Wood's light examination without I:3OPA staining could help to ciiagnose the atisculte type of vitiligo showing eidermal melanocytes and nevu c.Iepigmeritosus.
Child* ; Dihydroxyphenylalanine* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Nevus* ; Parturition ; Pigmentation ; Seoul ; Skin ; Vitiligo*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypertension* ; Quality of Life*