Monilethrix is a rare hereditary disorder of hair first described by Walter G. Smith in 1879, and usually transmitted as autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized hy bead like enlargement af the affected hair, alapecia resulting from ha.ir breakage and keratosis pila.l is. This 3 year old female child patient has been suffered from easy destrurtion of beaded scalp hair and follicular hyperkeratosis of the occipital region since infancy. Past hiatory was ncecontributory and the pe,digree of family showed autosomal dominant trait. Physical examinatior was not rernarkable except skin lesian and laboratory findings were within normal limit. Microscopic finding of the affected hair showed alternating constrictians and node. The scalp bivpsy findings showed mild hyperkeratosis, keratotic plug, mild cellular infiltration of papillary derrnia and perifollicular area.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hair ; Humans ; Keratosis ; Monilethrix* ; Scalp ; Skin

No abstract available.
Osteoarthritis*

Traumatic dislocation of the first metatarso-phalangeal joint is rare injury. The mechanism of this injury is hyperextension of the great toe, causing displacement of the proximal phalanx on the dorsum of the first metatarsal head and neck. The complex soft tissue anatomy surrounding this joint interferes with the closed reduction of the dislocation. This paper describes a patient with complete dorsal dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint treated at the Paik hospital which cannot be reduced by closed manipulation.
Dislocations ; Head ; Humans ; Joints ; Metatarsal Bones ; Metatarsophalangeal Joint ; Methods ; Neck ; Toes

The treatment of open tibia fracture is challenging to Orthopedic Surgeon with its high infection rate and other complications. We had wound culture of open tibia fracture at emergency room in all cases, and treated using various External Fixators. The author analized the 134 cases of the open tibia fractures from March 1979 to February 1987. The average follow-up was one year. The results were as follws : 1. Type I open fracture was 23 cases, Type II 58 cases, Type IIIA 33, Type IIIB and Type IIIC was 10 cases each. The most frequent type of fracture was Type II, 58 cases by Gustilo classification. 2. The union time of Type I fracture was 6.5 months in average, and that of Type II and Type III was 9.5 months, 11.2 months. 3. Of those 52 cases whose initial culture was positive, 12 cases developed infection. The low infection rate would probably be due to combined administration of cephalosporin and firm application of external fixator to severe open tibia fractures.
Classification ; Clinical Study ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; External Fixators ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Open ; Orthopedics ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

With the increasing number of the occupational accidents proportionate to the rapid development of modern culture, fractures of the hand have become one of the commonest fractures of the human body. The authors have reviewed 211 cases of injured hand in industry which were treated in the department of orthopedic surgery, InCheon Severance hospital from Jan. to Dec. in 1989. The following results were obtained; 1. The peak incidence was in the age group from 21 to 30 years in 87 cases (41.2%). Injured males outnumbered females predominantly by 92.9% vs 7.1%. 2. The hand injuries happened most commonly in the day time (from 8 oclock A.M. to 6 oclock P.M.) but there were no differences between month in the year. 3. Most of patients injured hand (73.9%) arrived at hospital within 1 hour after accidents. 4. The commonest cause of the injury was due to electric saw (21.9% ). 5. Of the 98 fracture cases left hand was more frequently involved than right hand and 64 cases monodigit and remained were polydigits. 6. 43 (32.6%) of total 132 fractured sites were index finger and 74 (56.1%) were distal phalanx. 7. The index finger was also most vulnerable to amputation (56.8% out of 44 amputation cases) and the most distal part was more vulnerable to amputation. 8. The most common method was primary closure and splint. The method of treatment was affected in part by the economic and social status of the patients. 9. In order to prevent hand injuries in industry, preventive policy should be established by improvement of working environments, machines and education.
Accidents, Occupational ; Amputation ; Education ; Female ; Fingers ; Hand Injuries ; Hand ; Human Body ; Humans ; Incheon ; Incidence ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Splints

Juvenile xanthogranuloma is characterized by one, or oftener many, yellow, re3dish yellow, or, brown 4-to-20 mm papules or nodules on the face, scalp, trunk, and mostly, extensor surfaces. It may involve internal organ besides the skin such as eye, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. anthogranuloma in adult is usually solitary and dose not involve organs other than skin, and generally dose ncit resolve without treatment. Histopathologically, characteristic Touton giant cells usually appear numerously. We report a case of juvenile xanthogranulorna which occured on scalp of 49 year-old male showing typical clinical and histopathological findings.
Adult* ; Giant Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Scalp* ; Skin ; Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile

The incidence of the tuberculous osteomyelitis of bone and joint has been decreasing due to improvements in nutrition and medical treatment. However the resurgence of tuberculosis is observed with more frequency as an opportunistic infection. In Korea the incidence of the tuberculosis has been decreasing with rapid economic development, but it is still one of the common pathological conditions involving bone and joint. Tuberculos osteomyelitis confined only to the long bones without involving joints is very rare. The accurate diagnosis of the turberculos osteomyelitis of long bone is difficult, because of the low incidence, long duration and nonspecific radiological findings. We reviewed retrospectively a total of 521 consecutive bone and joint tuberculosis from March 1985 to December 1994. Thirty-eight cases were involved only long bones without inflicting joints. The mean duration of follow up was 16 months. The disease was most frequent in the third decade. Femur(45%) and metaphysic(79%) were the most commonly involved site of the tuberculous osteomyelitis of the long bone. Significant delay in the diagnosis and the initation of the treatment would have been avoided if the biopsy had been performed early. It was looked like that longer symptom duration, higher ESR, associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and inappropriate treatment resulted in recurrence. But when compared with primarily cured cases, these factors did not affect the recurrence statistically. In conclusion, the better results and prevention of the recurrence were observed in cases with early diagnosis, complete removal of the lesion and continuous antituberculous medication.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Economic Development ; Follow-Up Studies ; Incidence ; Joints ; Korea ; Opportunistic Infections ; Osteomyelitis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Elephantiasis neuromatosa is one of 3 types of cutaneous tumors in Von Recklinghausen's disease. This 28 year-old male patient visited for adult-fist sized tumor associated with hairy pigmented patch on right antecubital fossa, and various sized tumors and cafe-au-lait spots on whole body of about 27 years duration. Past history was noncontributory. Family history revealed that his father and son had similar manifestations. Laboratory findings were noncontributory. Histopathology of cafe-au-lait spot and hairy pigmented patch revealed increase of melain in basal cell layer of the epidermis and increase in the concentratiton and activity of the melanocytes in basal cell layer of the epidermis. Histopathology of the mass revealed slightly thin, wavy fibrs lying in loosely textured strands extending in varying directions and a fairly large number of nuclei that are ovel to spindle-shaped and fairly uniform in size.
Adult ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Deception ; Elephantiasis* ; Epidermis ; Fathers ; Humans ; Male ; Melanocytes ; Neurofibromatosis 1

No abstract available.
Dislocations*

PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: Recently several clinical studies suggested that maternal treatment with magnesium sulfate had protective effects against cerebral palsy in premature infants. But previous studies with differing perinatal animal models resulted in inconclusive results with regard to magnesium neuroprotection. Our purpose was to study the neuroprotective effect of magnesium sulfate and optimal dosage on hypoxicischemic brain damage in the newborn rat. METHOD: Seven-day-old rats(n=68) underwent right carotid ligation, followed by 3 hours of hypoxia(8% oxygen in 92% nitrogen). Rats received magnesium sulfate immediately before and again after hypoxia(two doses, 150mg-600mg/kg/dose, n=39), or saline solution(n=29). Severity of injury was assessed 5 days later, by visual evaluation of ipsilateral hemisphere infarction and by measurement of bilateral hemispheric cross sectional areas. RESULTS: Magnesium sulfate pre-treatment reduced the incidence of liquefactive cerebral infarction and atrophy from 80.8% in controls to 22.2% with magnesium sulfate(450 mg/kg/dose, P<0.05). Quantitation of hemispheric areas confirmed these findings. Percent protection based on inter-hemisphere area differences by pre-treatment with magnesium sulfate 450mg/kg/dose ranged from 71.1%(hippocampus) to 90.8%(striatum). However higher dose of magnesium(600mg/kg/dose) did not attenuate hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the newborn rat but increased mortality. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment of magnesium sulfate has neuroprotective effects against hypoxia-ischemia in the newborn rat and adequate dose of magnesium sufate is important to protect the brain. Magnesium pretreatment may be an effective strategy to decrease the severity of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the adequate dose.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Brain ; Brain Injuries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebral Palsy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Infarction ; Ligation ; Magnesium Sulfate* ; Magnesium* ; Models, Animal ; Mortality ; Neuroprotective Agents* ; Oxygen ; Rats*