No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female

Ectopia cordis is defined as a congenital malposition of the heart partially or completely outside the thorax and often associated with sternal and congenital heart defects:surgical repair is generally unsuccessful because of the magnitude of the deformity and the associat-ed intracardiac anormalies. Four types of ectopia cordis are described : cervical, thoracic, abdominal and thoracoa- bdominal. Cervical and thoracic type are often fatal within days, because the heart is expo- sed and malformed. Abdominal type carries a better prognosis because cardiac abnormalities are less often found. The prognosis of thoraco-abdominal type mainly depends on the pre- sence of intracardiac abnormalities. We have experienced a case of thoracic ectopia cordis at 25 weeks' gestation by ultra- sonography, so present the case and the review with literature briefly.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Ectopia Cordis* ; Heart ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Prognosis ; Thorax

BACKGROUND: Since 1992, we developed the technique for video endoscopic sympathectomy to treat palmar hyperhidrosis. It was soon proven to be a simple and effective therapy for essential hyperhidrosis. Compensatory hyperhidrosis, however, is the main cause of patient dissatisfaction after video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy. According to many authors, initial satisfaction rate was high(94-98%), but it was declined with time (66%) due to mainly to embarrassing side effects. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From January 1992 to February 1998, the thoracoscopic T2 sympathicotomy, T2 sympathectomy and T2-4 sympathectomy were performed in 315 patients suffering from Essential hyperhidrosis in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery in the Respiratory Center of Yongdong Severance Hospital Seoul, Korea. Eighty-nine patients underwent T2 sympathicotomy, and Eighty-eight patients underwent division T2 sympathectomy. RESULT: All of the treated patients obtained satisfactory alleviation of essential hyperhidrosis. The global rate of compensatory sweating were ; 64.0% in T2 sympathicotomy, 73.8% in T2 sympathectomy and 87.8% in T2-4 sympathectomy. The rate of embarrassing or disabling compensatory sweating was significantly higher in T2 sympathicotomy 15.7%(14/89) and in T2 sympathectomy 32.8%(28/88) than in T2-4 sympathectomy 58.0%(80/138) with significancy in statistic analysis(p<0.05). Video- assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy is an effective minimally invasive and effective procedure. CONCLUSION: We suggest that the incidence and degree of compensatory hyperhidrosis was closely related to the extent of thoracic sympathectomy.
Humans ; Hyperhidrosis* ; Incidence ; Korea ; Respiratory Center ; Seoul ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Sympathectomy*

Pure fetal blood was obtained by cordocentesis or cardiocentesis guided by USG in 160 fetuses at 15 to 37 weeks' gestation. Only 1 case failed to obtain cytogenetic result. Cytogenetic analysis of fetal lymphocytes yielded results within 5 days. Chromosomal abnormalities were found in 21 of 159 fetuses(13.2%). Abnormal karyotypes were found in 19 of 118 fetuses(16.1%) with structural malformations~8.6%(7/81) affected by isolated malformations vs. 32.4%(12/37) affected by multiple malformations. There were 12 cases of bradycardia which was the most common nonfatal complication (7.4%). One fetal death was recorded. Pregnancy outcome is as follows: 17 cases of stillbirth, 38 cases of termination of pregnancy, 15 cases of neonatal death, 5 cases of infantile death, 55 cases of living babies, and 29 cases lost to follow-up. It is concluded that rapid karyotyping by cordocentesis is advisable as effective method in fetuses at high risk of a chromosomal aberration, especially in advanced gestations.
Abnormal Karyotype ; Bradycardia ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Cordocentesis* ; Cytogenetic Analysis* ; Cytogenetics* ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Fetal Death ; Fetus ; Karyotyping ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Lymphocytes ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Stillbirth

BACKGROUND: Previous reports have described NMDA antagonist reduced the nerve injury induced or inflammatory thermal hyperalgesia. One of the peculiarities of the NMDA receptor is the requirement for glycine as the co-agonist in order to be activated. Thus, the function of NMDA receptors can be modulated by ligands acting as agonists or antagonists at the glycine co-agonist site. ACEA 1021 has been recently characterized as a high potency competitive NMDA receptor/glycine site antagonist. This study evaluated the effects of spinally administered ACEA 1021 on the thermal hyperalgesia state induced by mild burn. METHODS: Rats were prepared with chronic spinal catheters. A thermal injury was induced after briefly anesthetizing with halothane, by applying the left hind paw to a thermal surface (52.5oC) for 45 sec. This exposure results in a mild erythema, but no blistering. Thermal escape latency of the hind paw was determined using an underglass thermal stimulus with which response latencies of the injured and uninjured (normal) paw could be obtained. In this work, ACEA 1021 was injected through intrathecal catheters in rats with mild burn injury on the right hindpaw, after then paw withdrawal latency was measured in both hindpaw every 30 minute for 3 hours. RESULTS: The intrathecal injection of ACEA 1021 (2.4-24 microgram) produced a dose dependent reversal of the hyperalgesia in the right hindpaw, but had no effect upon the response latency of the normal left hind paw even at the largest doses. The effects of intrathecal ACEA 1021 on the hyperalgesia reversed by intrathecal D-serine. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal ACEA 1021, competitive-glycine site NMDA receptor antagonist produce a dose-dependent inhibition and D-serine-sensitive reversal of the thermal hyperalgesia evoked mild burn injury. These results suggested that the glycine site of spinal NMDA receptor play an important role in the hyperalgesia induced by mild burn injury.
Animals ; Blister ; Burns ; Catheters ; Erythema ; Glycine ; Halothane ; Hyperalgesia* ; Injections, Spinal ; Ligands ; N-Methylaspartate* ; Rats* ; Reaction Time ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; United Nations

BACKGROUND: According to the report that KCNK activity in transfected COS-7 and HEK-293 cells was modulated by volatile anesthetics and activation of KCNK channels by neuroprotectants, the importance of KCNK2 were emphasized. In this study, we studied the effect of halothane and isoflurane on KCNK2 in the KCNK2 transfected HEK-293 cells. METHODS: Multiple patch clamp experiments with halothane and isoflurane were conducted to characterize KCNK2 in the KCNK2 transfected HEK-293 cells. KCNK2 cDNA were transiently transfected with FuGENE6 transfection reagents and whole cell recordings were made using predesigned pulse protocol. RESULTS: KCNK2 transfected HEK cells exhibited rapid rising, a time-independent, non-inactivating, outward-rectifying currents and had no threshold for activation by voltage. Multiple patch clamp experiments showed the presence of outward-rectifying K+ selective channels with a conductance of 1.31 +/- 0.59 nS (n = 16) at positive potentials. Recordings of halothane 448microM (-2 MAC) increased outward currents from control by 218% in standard saline perfusate (n = 4, P<0.05, paired t-test) and that of isoflurane 822microM (-3 MAC) increased outward currents by 172% in standard saline perfusate (n = 12, P<0.05, paired t-test). Channel activity enhanced during the duration of the exposure to volatile anesthetics returned to the baseline quickly upon wash. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the activation of KCNK2 by neuroprotectants such as riluzole and PUFA, we might think of the possibility of halothane and isoflurane as neuroprotectants because these anesthetics activated background K+ channels in KCNK2 transfected HEK-293 cells.
Anesthetics ; DNA, Complementary ; Halothane* ; Indicators and Reagents ; Isoflurane* ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Riluzole ; Transfection

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish a normal range for the outer diameter of the fetal transverse colon from 28 to 40 weeks' gestation. METHODS: This prospective longitudinal study enrolled 38 consecutive women with uncomplicated singleton gestations during their first trimester of pregnancy. Ultrasound for serial measurements of the fetal transverse colon diameter were performed at intervals of 2 weeks from 28 weeks to 36 weeks and then weekly until delivery. Linear regression was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 201 transverse colon diameters were measured in all 38 fetuses. The normal range for the outer diameter of the transverse colon from 28 to 40 weeks' gestation was presented as mean, 95% confidence interval of the mean and range. A linear growth function was observed between gestational age (GA) and transverse colon diameter (TCD) (TCD=0.499 x GA - 0.5504, r2=0.65; p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: We have presented a table of normal range and a regression formula for outer diameter of the fetal transverse colon from 28 to 40 weeks' gestation. These data may serve as reference values in the detection of abnormalities of the fetal colon.
Colon* ; Colon, Transverse ; Female ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Longitudinal Studies* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third* ; Pregnancy* ; Prospective Studies* ; Reference Values ; Ultrasonography*

The association of nephrotic syndrome with a hypercoagulable state and vascular thrombosis is well recognized. In all adult series of nephrotics, venous thrombosis are much more common than arterial thrombosis, which has been mainly reported in children. Intracoronary thrombus is among the rarest arterial thromboses. We present a case of acute myocardial infarction in a 39-year-old women with nephrotic syndrome secondary to membranous glomeluronephritis, in which subsequent coronary angiography showed no evidence of atherosclerotic change and thrombotic occlusion in the left main coronary artery which was successfully treated with intracoronary stent and intravenous abciximab.
Adult ; Child ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Stents* ; Thrombosis* ; Venous Thrombosis

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays an important role in immune defense. This study was undertaken to investigate the association between hepatitis B virus infection and polymorphisms of MBL gene. We assessed the single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 54 in exon 1 of MBL in patients with hepatitis B virus infection and HBsAg negative controls in Korean population. A total of 498 enrolled subjects was classified into four groups. Group 1; Clearance, Group 2; Inactive healthy carrier, Group 3; Chronic hepatitis, Group 4; Liver cirrhosis. MBL gene polymorphisms at codon 54 led to three genotypes (G/G, G/A, A/A). When we divided subjects into clearance group (group 1) and persistence group (group 2-4), G/G genotype and A-allele carrier were observed in 55.6% and 44.4% in clearance group, 64.8% and 35.2% in persistence group (p=0.081), respectively. When hepatitis B virus persistent cases were divided into inactive healthy carrier (group 2) and disease progression group (group 3 and 4), MBL gene polymorphisms at codon 54 were not related to disease progression (p=0.166). MBL gene polymorphism at codon 54 was not associated with the clearance of hepatitis B virus infection nor progression of disease in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Adult ; Alleles ; Codon ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Genotype ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis B/*genetics/*metabolism ; Hepatitis B virus/*metabolism ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Korea ; *Lectins ; Male ; Mannose-Binding Lectin/*chemistry/*genetics ; Middle Aged ; *Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

BACKGROUND: This study are to identify the symptomatic changes and condylar stability after 2 jaw surgery without preceding treatments for Temporomandibular joints(TMJ) in class III patients with the TMJ symptoms; and to assess therapeutic effect of 2 jaw surgery and the necessity of preceding treatment for alleviation of TMJ symptoms. METHODS: 30 prognathic patients with preexisting TMJ symptoms were divided into 2 groups according to presence or absence of preceding treatments before the surgery. We evaluated symptomatic changes on both TMJ by questionnaires and clinical examinations. And we reconstructed 3D cone beam computed tomography images before 2 jaw surgery, immediately after the surgery, and 6 months or more after the surgery with SimPlant software, and analyzed the stability of condylar position on 3D reconstruction model. Significances were assessed by the Wilcoxon signed rank test on SPSS ver. 20.0. RESULTS: Both groups had favorable changes of TMJ symptoms after orthognathic surgery. And postoperative position of condyle had good stability during follow-up period. CONCLUSION: 2 jaw surgery without preceding treatments for TMD can have therapeutic effect for TMD patients with class III malocclusion.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Orthognathic Surgery* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Temporomandibular Joint