No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
Myocarditis* ; Stomach*

No abstract available.
Meningitis, Bacterial*

No abstract available.
HLA Antigens* ; Humans

Since osseous healing in the fracture of the femoral neck is carried out by endosteal bone formation, the size of contact area of the fracture fragments and impaction are of prime importance. It is not uncommon to be faced with the problem of back out of the internal fixation devices during healing period. It seems unnecessary to emphasize the benefit of sliding to close the gap between the fracture fragments. We report a retrospective study of 25 cases of the femoral neck fractures treated by closed reduction and fixation with multiple Knowles pins, paying particular attention to the amount and duration of sliding back out of the fixation devices and relating these to the final results of fracture union. Our clinical study led us to the following conclusions; 1. The shortoning of the femoral neck over 3mm occurred in 16 cases(64%) out of 25 cases. The average amount of back out of Knowles pin is 6mm. 2. Most of the shortening occurred during the first 8 weeks after surgery and extrusion of the nail is frequent findings in unstable fractures and osteoporoses. 3. Backing out over 12 weeks after surgery was associated frequently with delayed union and non-union. 4. Collapse or shortening is nceessary to promote a bone to bone contact and bone healing.
Clinical Study ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Internal Fixators ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objectives: ：This study aimed to investigate the moderating effects of resilience on the relationship between affective empathy and burnout among social welfare workers. Methods: ：A total of 416 social welfare workers completed this survey. We administered the Korean version of the Questionnaire on Cognitive and Affective Empathy (2QCAE), the Korean version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Collected data were analyzed by t-test, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 23.0. Results: ：Affective empathy, measured by the 2QCAE, was significantly positively correlated with burnout, measured by the MBI-GS. CD-RISC scores were significantly negatively correlated with burnout. The hierarchical regression analysis showed that the relationship between affective empathy and burnout was moderated by resilience. Conclusion ：These findings underscore the need for programs to enhance the resilience of social welfare workers to reduce burnout at work.

Objectives: ：This study aimed to investigate the moderating effects of resilience on the relationship between affective empathy and burnout among social welfare workers. Methods: ：A total of 416 social welfare workers completed this survey. We administered the Korean version of the Questionnaire on Cognitive and Affective Empathy (2QCAE), the Korean version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS). Collected data were analyzed by t-test, correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 23.0. Results: ：Affective empathy, measured by the 2QCAE, was significantly positively correlated with burnout, measured by the MBI-GS. CD-RISC scores were significantly negatively correlated with burnout. The hierarchical regression analysis showed that the relationship between affective empathy and burnout was moderated by resilience. Conclusion ：These findings underscore the need for programs to enhance the resilience of social welfare workers to reduce burnout at work.

In order to prevent cross-infection, the sterilization of used and/or contaminated anesthetic- apparatus is still a difficult problem in clinical practice, particularly, following anesthesia for known advanced pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Therefore the antibacterisl activities of, an amphoteric detergent, Dodecyl diaminoethyl glycin hydrochloride (Hygien 51) were tested in vitro as a disinfectant against mycobacteria (M. tuberculosis H37 Rv, M. bovis, M. avium, M. tuberculosis H37 Ra, M. phlei, B.C.G.) The antimycobacterial activity tests were performed according to the modified Kolmer method. The testing organisms were cultured in Dubos broth at 37 degrees C, and the detergent, Hygien 51, was: diluted with sterile distilled water to 1,3,5 and 10%. One half milliliter of culture was pipetted into each tube containing 4.5 ml of diluted detergent, and at intervals of 3, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 minutes, a 4mm loopful of the material was removed from each tube, and transferred to Ogawa media. The tests were carried out at two different temperatures, 20 degrees C and 50 degrees C. The subcultures were incubated at 37 degrees C for more than 8 weeks. The results were obtained as follows: 1) At room temperature (20 degrees C), all mycobateria, except M. bovis, were destroyed by treatment- with 10% solution of the detergent for more than 60 minutes. M. bovis was relatively sensitive to the detergent, and was killed by 5% solution for 30 min. and 10% for 15 min., but M. avium. was very resistant, and was not killed by 10% solution for 240 min. 2) By treatment with the detergent at 50 degrees C, the antimycobacterial activities of the detergent were highly increased. All mycobacteria were destroyed by 1% solution for 180 min, and by 10% for less than 30 min at 50 degrees C. In the comparison of the antibacterial activities against mycobacteria and other bacteria, it shows that mycobacteria are generally more resistant to the detergent, Hygien 51.
Anesthesia ; Bacteria ; Detergents ; Sterilization ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Water

PURPOSE: The transobturator adjustable tape (TOA) allows adjustment of tension after surgical intervention, thus permitting correction of postoperative incontinence or obstruction. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of TOA versus transobturator tape (TOT) for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients underwent TOA (n=33 with ISD) or TOT (n=47 with ISD) insertion by one experienced surgeon. The patients were considered to have ISD on the basis of a Valsalva leak point pressure <60 cmH2O or a maximum urethral closure pressure <20 cmH2O. The preoperative evaluation included history taking, physical examination, voiding diary, stress and 1-hour pad tests, and a comprehensive urodynamic examination. Postoperative evaluation included a stress test, 1-hour pad test, questionnaire, and uroflowmetry with postvoid residuals. RESULTS: After 6 months of follow-up, the rate of cure (TOA, 75.6% vs. TOT, 72.3%) was similar between the two groups. The rate of satisfaction was not significantly higher in the TOA group than in the TOT group (84.8% vs. 78.7%; p=0.05). Four patients in the TOA group (12.1%) needed a reduction in tension because of urinary obstruction (flow <10 ml/sec and/or residual urine >50 ml). The tension of the mesh was tightened in 5 patients (15.2%) because of the persistence of a certain degree of incontinence. The residual urine volume at postoperative 7 days was significantly lower in the TOA group than in the TOT group (19.5 ml vs. 41 ml; p=0.016, repeated-measures analysis of variance test). CONCLUSIONS: The TOA allows postoperative readjustment of the suburethral sling pressure for a number of days after surgical intervention, which allows for the achievement of good short-term results. These data suggest that better lower obstructive voiding symptoms than those achieved with the traditional nonadjustable mesh can be obtained with the TOA.
Achievement ; Analysis of Variance ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Physical Examination ; Suburethral Slings ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urodynamics

No abstract available.
Candidemia* ; Humans