PURPOSE: Rotavirus is the main cause of infantile diarrheal disease worldwide, especially in patients 3-24 months of age. Infants younger than 3 months of age are relatively protected by transplacental antibody. So the purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical features and severity of neonatal rotaviral gastroenteritis less than 1 month of age. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was established of 62 neonates less than 1 month of age and with a diagnosis of rotaviral gastroenteritis who had been admitted to Pochon CHA University between June 2002 through July 2004. The rotavirus was examined by stool latex agglutination. RESULTS: During 2 years, the total number of admitted patients for rotaviral gastroenteritis was 688 and among these, less than 1 month of age accounted for 9% (62). The occurrence was generally even distribution from January to July (7.14+/-1.0) but since then decreased (2.4+/-1.8). The most common chief complaint was mild fever (46%) when admitted which subsided within 1 hospital day in most patients. 4 patients had seizure and cyanosis with no typical symptoms of rotaviral gastroenteritis. During admission, all the patients had diarrhea. 17% of the patients had leukocytosis and positive C-reactive protein. In one patient, stool occult blood test was positive but there was no necrotizing gastroenteritis evidence. The mean period of hospital day was 5.8+/-2.5 and breast-milk feeding was 62.9%. CONCLUSION: Neonatal rotaviral gastroenteritis is not a rare disease. Most patients have fever and diarrhea and improve through conservative therapy but a few patients may have severe complications so we must be more cautious about the hygiene for prevention.
Agglutination ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cyanosis ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Fever ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Latex ; Leukocytosis ; Occult Blood ; Rare Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotavirus ; Seizures

PURPOSE: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a serious bacterial infection that can cause renal scarring in children. Early identification of APN is critical to improve treatment outcomes. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic marker of many diseases, but it has not yet been established in urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim of this study was to determine whether NLR is a useful marker to predict APN or vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 298 pediatric patients (age≤36 months) with febrile UTI from January 2010 to December 2014. Conventional infection markers (white blood cell [WBC] count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], C-reactive protein [CRP]), and NLR were measured. RESULTS: WBC, CRP, ESR, and NLR were higher in APN than in lower UTI (P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that NLR was a predictive factor for positive dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) defects (P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was high for NLR (P<0.001) as well as CRP (P<0.001) for prediction of DMSA defects. NLR showed the highest area under the ROC curve for diagnosis of VUR (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: NLR can be used as a diagnostic marker of APN with DMSA defect, showing better results than those of conventional markers for VUR prediction.
Bacterial Infections ; Blood Cells ; C-Reactive Protein ; Child* ; Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Erythrocyte Count ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Pyelonephritis ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Succimer ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

PURPOSE: Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is a serious bacterial infection that can cause renal scarring in children. Early identification of APN is critical to improve treatment outcomes. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic marker of many diseases, but it has not yet been established in urinary tract infection (UTI). The aim of this study was to determine whether NLR is a useful marker to predict APN or vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 298 pediatric patients (age≤36 months) with febrile UTI from January 2010 to December 2014. Conventional infection markers (white blood cell [WBC] count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], C-reactive protein [CRP]), and NLR were measured. RESULTS: WBC, CRP, ESR, and NLR were higher in APN than in lower UTI (P<0.001). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that NLR was a predictive factor for positive dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) defects (P<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was high for NLR (P<0.001) as well as CRP (P<0.001) for prediction of DMSA defects. NLR showed the highest area under the ROC curve for diagnosis of VUR (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: NLR can be used as a diagnostic marker of APN with DMSA defect, showing better results than those of conventional markers for VUR prediction.
Bacterial Infections ; Blood Cells ; C-Reactive Protein ; Child* ; Cicatrix ; Diagnosis ; Erythrocyte Count ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Pyelonephritis ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Succimer ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

No abstract available.
Autopsy* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay*

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is particularly associated with progressive and ultimately chronic recurrent respiratory infections in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchiectasis, chronic destroyed lung disease, and cystic fibrosis. Its treatment is also very complex because of drug resistance and recurrence. METHODS: Forty eight cultures from 18 patients with recurrent P. aeruginosa pneumonia from 1998 to 2002 were included in this study. Two or more pairs of sputum cultures were performed during 2 or more different periods of recurrences. The comparison of strains was made according to the phenotypic patterns of antibiotic resistance and chromosomal fingerprinting by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using the genomic DNA of P. aeruginosa from the sputum culture. RESULTS: Phenotypic patterns of antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa were not correlated with their prior antibiotic exposition. Fifteen of 18 patients (83.3%) had recurrent P. aeruginosa pneumonia caused by the strains with same PFGE pattern. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the most of the recurrent P. aeruginosa infections in chronic lung disease occurred due to the relapse of prior infections. Further investigations should be performed for assessing the molecular mechanisms of the persistent colonization and for determining how to eradicate clonal persistence of P. aeruginosa.
Bronchiectasis ; Colon ; Cystic Fibrosis ; Dermatoglyphics ; DNA ; Drug Resistance ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Humans ; Lung Diseases* ; Pneumonia ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Recurrence* ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Sputum

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressive necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia, caused by bacterial infection. Usually presenting in the extremities, trunk, or perineum, it is uncommon in the craniofacial or cervical area. Cervicofacial NF is a potentially fatal infection, which should be managed with early detection and intervention. Most cases have a primary odontogenic source of infection, especially when the masticator space is involved. We report a case of masticator space NF that developed without odontogenic origin in a 78-year old female who was treated with prompt surgical drainage and intravenous antibiotics.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Infections ; Drainage ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Female ; Humans ; Mandible ; Mouth, Edentulous ; Necrosis ; Osteomyelitis ; Perineum ; Subcutaneous Tissue

PURPOSE: This study was performed to study normative blood pressure data in full-term neonates that may be used to facilitate identification of neonatal hypertension. METHODS: 383 newborns born in our hospital from May 2003 to January 2004 were enrolled in this study. Using an oscillometric device(BP-88 NEXT, COLIN Corp.), their blood pressures were measured more than one time within a week after birth. According to each clinical variable such as sex, delivery mode, birth weight, gestational age and presence of maternal disease or perinatal problems, we divided the population into groups and calculated the mean blood pressures of each group. We compared mean blood pressures between the divided groups according to each clinical variable statistically. RESULTS: Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the population was 70.8+/-10.9 mmHg and 43.4+/-8.0 mmHg, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in blood pressure according to clinical variables. Mean systolic pressure showed positive correlation with birth weight and gestational age(r=0.1420, 0.0360). CONCLUSION: Our results are almost in agreement with Zubrow's data from 695 newborns in U.S.A, 1995. Our data may be helpful for early detection and management of neonatal hypertension, thereby maintaining renal function and preventing possible complications of renal disease.
Birth Weight ; Blood Pressure* ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parturition

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors for the development of coronary artery lesions (CALs) and to determine whether hyponatremia is associated with CALs in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 105 children with KD who were admitted to Ilsan Hospital between January 2000 and July 2011. RESULTS: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.013), total bilirubin levels (P = 0.017) were higher and serum sodium levels (P = 0.027) were lower in KD children with CALs than those without. White blood cell (WBC) counts (P = 0.006), neutrophil counts (P = 0.003) were higher and albumin levels (P = 0.009) were lower in KD children with hyponatremia than those without. On multiple logistic regression analysis, hyponatremia (P = 0.024) and intravenous immunoglobulin??resistance (P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for CALs in KD. Furthermore, serum sodium levels were correlated negatively with WBC counts (P = 0.004), neutrophil counts (P < 0.001), total bilirubin levels (P = 0.005) and positively with albumin levels (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that hyponatremia may reflect severe inflammation in children with KD.
Bilirubin ; Blood Sedimentation ; Cardiovascular Abnormalities ; Child* ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Hyponatremia* ; Inflammation* ; Leukocytes ; Logistic Models ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Neutrophils ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sodium