OBJECTIVES: To examine emotional and psychological characteristics associated with suicide attempts in depressed patients. METHODS: A sample of 37 inpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder or depressive disorder NOS was divided into two groups : lifetime suicide attempters(N=15 ; 40.54%), non-attempters(N=22 ; 59.46%). Beck Depression Scale(BDI), Beck Anxiety Scale(BAI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HARS), and MMPI-2 were used to evaluate symptoms severity and psychological characteristics. RESULTS: Suicide attempters scored higher on the BDI though there were no group differences on the HDRS and on the both anxiety scales. Also they showed higher scores on the F, Fb, Pa, RC1, DEP, HEA, PK, AAS among MMPI-2 subscales. Our findings suggest that suicide attempters among depressed patients undergo more severe subjective distress and difficulties in adjustment than non-attempters. Also they were more hostile to others and showed lower trust. Lastly, they showed more somatic complaints and substance related problems. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that suicide attempters among depressed patients have distinct emotional and psychological characteristics. MMPI-2 would be helpful to assess suicidal risk of depressed patients.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Pyrrolidines ; Suicide ; Weights and Measures

No abstract available.
Hamartoma*

Purpose: This study aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of research on flipped learning effects applied to university students. Methods: The random effect model was applied to 21 papers to calculate the effect size. To verify the moderation effect, a meta regression analysis and meta ANOVA were performed. Publication bias was verified through a funnel plot, and then an Egger's regression test was conducted. Results: The overall average effect size was .69 (95% CI: .51-.87), showing a median effect size, which was statistically significant. The outcome variables were in the order of learning motivation (Hedges’ g=.83), self-directed learning (Hedges’ g=.78), learning achievement (Hedges’ g=.66), and efficacy (Hedges’ g=.50), which were statistically significant. Conclusion Flipped learning was found to be statistically significant in improving self-directed learning, learning motivation, efficacy, and learning achievement amng university students. It is suggestd that this method be actively applied in university education.

No abstract available.
Sturge-Weber Syndrome*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the CT features and pathogenesis of the electric brain injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the CT scans of 3 patients injured by high-voltage electricity. We evaluated the findings early and delayed periods in each patients. RESULTS: The early CT findings were diffuse brain edema, scalp swelling, and focal hemorrhagic contusion. The findings of delayed period were cerebral infarction, pneumocephalus, brain abscess, and pneumatocele. CONCLUSION: CT was useful to correlate the pathogenesis and variable features of electric brain injuries.
Brain Abscess ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries ; Brain* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Contusions ; Electric Injuries* ; Electricity ; Humans ; Pneumocephalus ; Scalp ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
46, XX Disorders of Sex Development* ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital* ; Female* ; Humans

Immunohistochemical staining on paraffin sections for S-100 protein improved diagnostic accuracy for melanocytic tumor. But specificity of S-100 protein in the diagnosis of melanocytic tumor is very low, because S-100 protein was also expressed in neurogenic tumor and salivary gland tumor. To investigate a specific tumor marker for the malignant melanoma, immunohistochemical staining for HMB-45 and S-100 protein was performed on the paraffin sections of 25 cases of malignant melanoma and 46 cases of nevi. Positive reaction for HMB-45 and S-100 protein was diffusely identified in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Positive ratio for HMB-45 was 100% in malignant melanoma, 92% in junctional component of compound nevus and 0% in intradermal nevus. Positive ratio for S-100 protein was 92% in malignant melanoma, 100% in compound nevus and 100% in intradermal nevus. The sensitivity and specificity for HMB-45 in malignant melanoma were 100%, but those for S-100 protein were 92% in sensitivity and 86.7% in specificity. These results indicate that HMB-45 has a high sensitivity and specificity for malignant melanoma cells and it can be quite useful for the histopathological diagnosis of malignant melanoma.
Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tumor Markers, Biological

Abnormalities of body fluid and electrolyte balance, acute renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, interstitial nephritis and papillary necrosis are well known disease of wide spectrum of NSAID induced renal side effect. Many different mechanism such as inhibition of prostaglandin pathway, delayed hypersensitivity reaction and direct toxicity are reported to relate to development of disease. Recently, overuse of NSAID has steadily increased the cases of NSAID induced side effects and in some cases permanent damage to kidney has been reported. Authors experienced a 67-year-old male patient who presented with gross hematuria, edema and azotemia and diagnosed as interstitial nephritis accompanying nephrotic syndrome. Kidney biopsy shows the edema and the diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes in the interstitium. The glomerular changes suggest minimal change lesion or focal segmental glomerular sclerosis in early stage. The patient had continuously consumed piroxicam for 6 months and had improved after discontinuation of this drug as well as treatment with steroid but remained renal damage. This case suggest that piroxicam may be an agent that causes interstitial nephritis and nephrotic syndrome. Therefore clinician should use it with caution especially in patients with high risk factors.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Aged ; Azotemia ; Biopsy ; Body Fluids ; Edema ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; Kidney ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Necrosis ; Nephritis, Interstitial* ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Piroxicam* ; Risk Factors ; Sclerosis ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Because of the long intracranial course, the 6th nerve is vulnerable to increased intracranial pressure, trauma to the cranial floor, meningeal edema, inflammation in the base of the skull, and any displacement of the brain stem. The authors had experienced a case of abducens nerve palsy resulting non-concomittent esotropia and lateral gaze palsy due to brain trauma by traffic accident. We had performed modified Jensen procedure that had good result. That procedure is presented to aid in preserving the anterior segment blood supply. The anterior ciliary artery in the lateral rectus is not included in the union. The case report is reviewed with the pertinent literature.
Abducens Nerve Diseases* ; Accidents, Traffic ; Brain Injuries ; Brain Stem ; Ciliary Arteries ; Edema ; Esotropia ; Inflammation ; Intracranial Pressure ; Paralysis ; Skull

No abstract available.
Disasters*