Achilles tendon is the most powerful and the biggest tendon of the body and its rupture is frequently sports-related. Many authors reported the effects of mobilization, electricity, ultrasound and various drugs as factors influencing the injured tendon. We studied the effects of early passive mobilization after firm suture using plantaris tendon as tension suture material and reinforcing membrane on the repair of a ruptured Achilles tendon. From March 1992 to December 1995, twenty-two operations on the Achilles tendon were carried out in our hospital. 1. Fourteen patients were male and eight patients were female. The mean patient age was 38 years, ranging from 13 to 68 years. Average follow-up periods was 2 years and 7 months, ranging from 12 months to 3 years and 8 months. 2. The rupture site was 4.7cm proximal to the tendon insertion into the calcaneus on average. 3. We performed the operations with end to end suture technique. After approximation of the ruptured ends of the tendon with a No. 5 Ethibond tension suture using a modified Kessler stitch, placed plantaris tendon in a fascial needle and pass it circumferentially and distal plantaris tendon is fanned out and tacked over the repair. 4. Postoperative treatment was done as following protocol Short leg cast was done with equinus position for initial 3 weeks, and then cast was removed, hydrotherapy and passive exercises was employed. About 6 weeks after operation when the foot can be brought to right angle, a reverse 90degrees ankle stop short leg brace was applied for additional 6 weeks and partial weight bearing was aUowed. 5. Follow-up results were classified according to the Arner-Lindholm scale. We had 16 excellent results and 6 satisfactory results. After rigid suture it may be possible to introduce a regimen of progressive isometric stimulation and protected loading and streching combined with removable orthosis. Such early exercises are likely to improve the rate of rehabilitation over plaster immobilization.
Achilles Tendon* ; Ankle ; Braces ; Calcaneus ; Electricity ; Exercise ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Hydrotherapy ; Immobilization ; Leg ; Male ; Membranes ; Needles ; Orthotic Devices ; Rehabilitation ; Rupture* ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures ; Tendons ; Ultrasonography ; Weight-Bearing

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of brainstem evoked potential (BAEP) in the diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. METHOD: Sixteen subjects in which BAEP study was compatible with CPA tumors were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the results of BAEP, findings of CT and MRI, and clinical signs. RESULT: Thirteen subjects were reviewed and three were lost in follow-up. 1) CPA tumors were confirmed with CT/MRI in 10 subjects and the other 3 patients had other lesions which could be differentiated from CPA tumors clinically. The positive hit rate of BAEP was 76.9% in 13 patients whose findings were compatible with CPA lesion. 2) Of 10 patients with CPA tumor, the tumors were bilateral in 4 patients and unilateral in 6 patients, and the diagnosis of the tumors were vestibular schwannoma in 9 patients and meningioma in 1 patient. 3) The major symptoms of the patients with CPA tumors were hearing loss, tinnitus, dizziness, facial nerve palsy, headache, cerebellar dysfunction, nystagmus, and vertigo. 4) The most common abnormal findings of BAEP in the patients with CPA tumors were increase in the interpeak latency I-III and I-V on the affected side and interpeak latency III-V on the unaffected side. CONCLUSION: The BAEP considering clinical correlation is a useful study as a screening test in the diagnosis of CPA tumors because of its high positive hit rate and cost-effectiveness compared with CT/MRI.
Brain Stem* ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Cerebellopontine Angle* ; Diagnosis* ; Dizziness ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem* ; Facial Nerve ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Hearing Loss ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mass Screening ; Meningioma ; Neuroma, Acoustic* ; Paralysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; Vertigo

Erythema nodosum has been known to be frequently associated with some kind of drug, infections with streptococci, mycobacteria, lymphogranuloma venerum and certain unknown pathogenic processes such as sarcoidosis, iilcerative colitis and regional enteritis. However, the association of erythema nodosum with leukemia has rarely been reported. Erythema nodosum with leukemia has been divided into leukemia cutis with specific infiltration of atypical leukemic cells and leukemid with non specific infiltration of normal infilammatory cells. We report herein a case of the very rare but typical erythema nodesum showing nonspecific infiltrative panniculitis as an initial manifestation of chronic myelocytic leukemia.
Colitis ; Crohn Disease ; Erythema Nodosum* ; Erythema* ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Panniculitis ; Sarcoidosis

No abstract available.
Gestational Age* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Leiomyoma is commonly found in the female genital tract, but occurrence in the urinary bladder is very rare with only 235 cases reported in the literature. These tumors have been classified as intravesical (63%), intramural (7%) and extravesical (30%) depending on the direction of the growth. We report a case of intravesical leiomyoma of the urinary bladder in a 36 year-old woman who exhibited dysuria and urinary retention. The gross and microscopical findings of leiomyoma of the bladder are similar to those of the uterus. Immunohistochemical stains for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) revealed diffuse nuclear staining in smooth muscle cells, supporting the hypothesis of hormonal influence in tumorigenesis.
Adult ; Carcinogenesis ; Coloring Agents ; Dysuria ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Retention ; Uterus

Wilms' tumor is one of the most common primary malignant tumors of the kidney during infancy and childhood and is known to be originated from the primitive cells of metanephric blastema. It presents difficulties when encountered in deciding the presence of anaplasia or in differentiating it from other renal tumors of childhood with different biologic behavior because of its diverse histologic patterns and varying degrees of differentiation. Evaluation of clinical and histopathologic features in terms of prognostication was done of 32 cases of Wilms' tumor which were surgically resected and diagnosed in the period from January 1979 through June 1992. Immunohistochemical reaction for cytokeratin, vimentin, actin and desmin was also analysed on all cases of Wilms' tumor in conjunction with clear cell sarcoma of the kidney(CCSK), malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney(MRTK) and congenital mesoblastic nephroma(CMN) to assess the validity of immunohistochemistry in differentiating Wilms' tumor from these renal tumors. Twenty four(75%) cases were diagnosed before the age of 5 and 40.7% were under 2 years old. Mixed type was most common(62.5%), followed by epithelial, blastemal and stromal predominant type in descending order of frequency. Anaplasia was observed in 3 cases(9.4%), two of which were epithelial predominant type and one blastemal predominant type. Treatment modality and presence of anaplasia were significantly correlated with 5 year survival rate of patients. Immunohistochemical stain revealed that all epithelial component of Wilms' tumor were positive for cytokeratin and 56.3% of Wilms' tumor had blastemal component which were positive for both cytokeratin and vimentin. Twenty cases(62.5%) of Wilms' tumor had blastemal component which were positive for cytokeratin with a proportion of more than 5% of reactive cells. Stromal component of Wilms' tumor generally did not show differentiation into the specialized type of tissue and all revealed positive reactions for vimentin among which some revealed positive reactions for actin. Only 3 out of 6 cases with rhabdomyoblastic differentiation were positive for desmin. CCSK, MRTK and CMN which have different biologic behavior and treatment modality compared to Wilm's tumor showed positivity only for vimentin and/or actin. In summary, treatment modality and presence of anaplasia are significantly correlated with patients' survival and the immunohistochemical stain for cytokeratin is very helpful in confirming the presence of blastemal component and useful in the differential diagnosis of Wilms' tumor from other kinds of pediatric renal tumors.
Child ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential

Penile amputation is quite rare and requires emergency reimplantation by using microvascular surgery. Herein we report a case of an 8-year-old boy who accidentally has his penis amputated during circumcision. Emergency reimplantation was performed by using microvascular surgery. Thereafter partial necrosis of glans penis and distal penile skin was noted So penoplasty by using scrotal skin was done to restore normal shape penis. After 6 months later, normal erection and sensation were restored.
Amputation ; Child* ; Circumcision, Male ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Penis* ; Replantation* ; Sensation ; Skin

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Leukemia*

The incidence data(1991.7.1~1992.6.30)from the Implementation study of seoul cancer Registry(lSSCR) were evaluated in terms of its completeness and validity. Two indicators for the completeness, Mortality/Incidence ratio(M/I ratio) and Age-specific Incidence Curve, showed fairy good registration throughout the age-sex specific strata, except the strata aged over 75 years old. The strata had very high M/I ratio(over 100%) and decreasing pattern of incidence, which suggested incomplete registration of cancer in this group. The active surveillance by a ISSCR staff improved the registration rate especially among elderlies. From the site specific M/I ratio, we found that liver cancer had oddly high M/I ratio. Since this high M/I ratio of liver cancer appears consistently in other reliable cancer registries, it is more like to be due to the highfatality of it rather than incomplete registration. The validity of the incidence data was assessed by three indicators; Histological verification (HV%), Primary Site Unknown (PSU%), and Age Unknown(Age UNK%). The average HV% were 77% for men and 85% for women, which were slightly lower than those of other reliable cancer registries This low HV% might be due to the considerable size of relative frequency of liver cancer in Korea, regarding the fact that the diagnosis of liver cancer is made mostly by non-biopsical radiologic methods (CT, Ultrasono, Angiography, MRl etc.). The level or PSU% and Age UNK% were in acceptable range, but not low enough, especially in terms of Age UNK%. Although ISSCR data had acceptable quality in general, it is needed to have more hospitals participate in the registry surveillance, to make registry data merged with death certificate data regularly, and educate the registration staffs to be more competent and dedicated.
Aged ; Angiography ; Death Certificates ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Liver Neoplasms ; Male ; Registries ; Seoul*

It has been proven that the newborn screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism are very important for its early detection and the early treatment of congenital It has been proven that the newborn screening programs for congenital hypothyroidism are very important for its early detection and the early treatment of congenital hypothyroidism can ameliorate and possibly reverse its consequences. Treatment with L-thyroxine is started in case of suspicious hypothyroidism at the first visit. Serum concentration of total and free thyroxine become normal within 1week after start of therapy but TSH values become normal from 2 months to 6 months after L-thyroxine therapy. The possible explanations for prolonged TSH elevation in congenital hypothyroidism are poor compliance for therapy, an inadequate dose of L-thyroxine, elevated threshold for thyrotropin suppression and two novel mutations in the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor gene in a child with resistance to TSH. Authors have experienced two cases of prolonged TSH elevation with normal T3 and T4 levels till 18months and 27 months of age after optimal L-thyroxine therapy and literature were reviewed.
Child ; Compliance ; Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Infant, Newborn ; Mass Screening ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine