No abstract available.
Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed* ; Humans

Resorcin is widely being used in the fields of the therapeutics, cosmetics, industry, but allergic contact dermatitis is an infrequent adverse reaction. We have experienced a case of allergic contact dermatitis to resorcin. A 59-year-old male with Kaposi's sarcoma on the right foot developed linear erythematous vesicular eruption along the marking areas 4 days after application of Castellanis paint, used as a skin marking solution for radiation therapy. He showed patch test positive reaction to Castellani's paint as well as its individual components, resorcin and phenol.
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact* ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Foot ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paint ; Patch Tests ; Phenol ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol can cause respiratory depression and apnea especially during induction of anesthesia. To study the possibility of reversal of respiratory depression during anesthesia with propofol, pretreated with nabuphine or not, the respiratory effects of doxapram to spontaneously ventilating patients were investigated. METHODS: Patients were divided into 4 groups - saline-propofol-saline group (SPS), saline-propofol- doxapram group (SPD), nalbuphine-propofol-saline group (NPS), and nalbuphine-propofol-doxapram group (NPD). After saline or nalbuphine pretreatment, anesthesia was induced with propofol and then doxapram or saline was intravenously injected. Apneic time interval, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, minute ventilation, end tidal CO2 partial pressure and oxygen saturation were measured in every minutes during induction of anesthesia. Percent changes of each values were compared. RESULTS: There is no differences in apneic time intervals in each groups. The percent change of first minute ventilation in SPD group after doxapram injection unchanged significantly compared with those depressions of SPS, NPS and NPD group (p<0.05). Respiratory rates increased in SPD and SPS groups after laryngeal mask insertion. There is no differences in minute ventilation, respiratory rate and end-tidal CO2 concentration between nalbuphine pretreated groups regardless of doxapram injection. CONCLUSIONS: Doxapram has effect in increasing minute ventilation after propofol induction within first few minutes, but it cannot reverse respiratory depression during propofol induction pretreated with nalbuphine.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Intravenous* ; Apnea ; Blood Pressure ; Depression ; Doxapram* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Laryngeal Masks ; Nalbuphine* ; Oxygen ; Partial Pressure ; Propofol* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory Rate ; Ventilation

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is generally localized in the anterosuperior aspect of the head. The posterior part of the head often retains a normal, smooth contour containing healthy cartilage even in much advanced cases. Because of this anatomical localization of the lesion, Y. Sugioka has devised a transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy in young and middle-aged person, which reduces the weight-bearing force on the necrotic area, and transfers shearing forces to the healthy posterior cartilage of the femoral head to prevent progressive collapse of the articular surface and improve alignment when articular collapse followed femoral head subluxiation. The authors reviewed 13 cases of Sugioka operation, performed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital during the period from December 1983 to Feburary 1986 and the following results were obtained. 1. There were 11 males and 1 female. The average age of the 13 cases was 33.3 years. 2. In all the cases of Grade I and Grade II hips, there was not progressiveness of necroticarea of femur heads. 3. By U.C.L.A. hip rating system, preoperative mean scores of pain, walking ability, function and activity were 2.5, 5.7, 4.8 and 4.3, respectively, while postoperative scores of these were increased to 7.7, 9.5, 8.4 and 7.8, respectively. 4. Average ranges of motion of hip joint were increased more postoperatively than preoperatively.
Cartilage ; Female ; Femur Head ; Head ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Osteotomy ; Seoul ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

We investigated the occurrence of color vision loss in 70 organic solvent mixtures exposed workers and in 47 controls. Color Vision was assessed with a color arrangement test designed to identify the defective color sense, the Han Double 15-Hue Test. The results of the test were no significant difference between exposed workers and controls in the proportion of subjects who committed one or two errors. Quantitative analysis, using color confusion index(CCI), showed no signifiant difference between exposed workers and controls. A significant linear correlation was present between age and CCI in both exposed workers(CCi=0.0056age + 0.94; r=0.23; p<0.05) and controls(CCI=0.0066age + 0.86; r=0.33; p<0.05). Qualitative analysis of the patterns on the hue circle showed that the prevalence of acquired dyschromatopsia was 21% in both and no significant difference. Multiple regression analyses showed that age was significantly related to color vision loss. These results did not provide evidence of a relationship between organic solvents exposure and incidence of color vision loss. In field studies for monitor the people at risk of the acquired color vision loss involving low-dose organic solvents exposed workers, both quantitative and qualitative information should be considered.
Color Vision ; Incidence ; Prevalence ; Solvents

A simple, rapid and selective liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is developed and validated for quantification of venlafaxine in human plasma with simple liquid-liquid extraction step consisted of extraction with ether and dichloromethane for 10 min and mixing with 1 M sodium acetate in human plasma using fluoxetine as an internal standard (IS). The analyte are separated using an isocratic mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 5 mM ammonium formate (4/3, v/v) on a isocratic YMC hydrosphere C18 (2.0x50.0 mm, 3.0 microm) column and analyzed by MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using the transitions of respective [M+H](+) ions, m/z 278.2-->260.3 and m/z 310.1-->148.1 for quantification of venlafaxine and IS, respectively. The standard calibration curves showed good linearity within the range of 1.0-200.0 ng/mL (r2=0.9986, 1/chi2 weighting). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1.0 ng/mL. The retention times of venlafaxine and IS were 0.6 min and 0.7 min that means the potential for the high-throughput potential of the proposed method. In addition, no significant metabolic compounds were found to interfere with the analysis. Acceptable precision and accuracy were obtained for the concentrations over the standard curve range. The validated method was successfully applied to bioequivalence study after 75-mg of venlafaxine sustained-release (SR) capsule in 24 healthy Korean subjects.
Ammonium Compounds ; Calibration ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Ether ; Fluoxetine ; Humans ; Ions ; Liquid-Liquid Extraction ; Methylene Chloride ; Pharmacokinetics ; Plasma* ; Sodium Acetate ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Therapeutic Equivalency* ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

BACKGROUND: A rehabilitation hospital has the characteristics of longer hospital stay, a variety of medical and paramedical personnels involved in treatment, and more probability of the primary care giver being a nonmedical person. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of nosocomial infection in a rehabilitation hospitals METHODS: Surveillance was done in a rehabilitation hospital affiliated university hospital from June to August 1996, May to June 1997, and July to September 1999. Nosocomial infection was investigated by an infection control practitioner (JCP) according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s definitions visiting the rehabilitation wards regularly. RESULTS: The overall NI rates were 3.83 in 1996, 4.42 in 1997 and 1.91 in 1999 per 1,000 patient days, and the urinary tract infection (UTI) rates were 2.82 in 1996, 2.87 in 1997 and 1.07 in 1999 per 1,000 patient days. Both of overall NI rate and UTI rate in 1999 decreased significantly compared with that in 1996 and 1997 (P<0.001). Comparing the ward specific NI rate, the average NI rate of the spinal cord injury ward was the highest (5.67 per 1,000 patient days) and that of the pediatric rehabilitation ward was the lowest (0.83 per 1,000 patient days). UTI constituted of the largest proportion of NIs. The distribution of UTI showed a decreasing tendency from 73.47% in 1996 to 56.00% in 1999, but the distribution of gastrointestinal infection showed an increasing tendency from 4.08% and 5.40% in 1997 and 1996 to 24.00% in 1999. The commonly isolated organisms were E. coli (33.63%), Enterococcus spp. (12.73%) and C. difficile (7.27%). It reflected that the main infection was UTI. CONCLUSION: The main NI in rehabilitation hospital was the UTI. It means that the infection control program of rehabilitation hospital should be focused on the control of UTI. Surveillance in the rehabilitation hospital enabled us to describe the characteristics of nosocomial infection in the rehabilitation hospital. NI rate was decreased through continuous communications and educations with factual datum and involvement of various medical and paramedical personnels. These results show that NI surveillance is crucial for an efficient infection control program.
Allied Health Personnel ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.) ; Cross Infection* ; Enterococcus ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Infection Control Practitioners ; Length of Stay ; Primary Health Care ; Rehabilitation* ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Urinary Tract Infections

All-in-one adhesives were recently developed for reducing the techique sensitivity and chair time, but lots of concerns were made on bondability, longevity, and microleakage. The object of this study was to evaluate microleakage and marginal quality of all-in-one adhesives using electrochemical method and SEM analysis quantitatively. After making Class V cavities, they were bulk filled with Heliomolar(#A1) after surface treatment with three adhesives: Adper Prompt (Group A), One up bond F (Group O), Xeno III (Group X). Electrical conductivity (microamphere, microA) was checked two times: before and after cavity filling. Percentage of leaky margin was estimated from SEM image (x1,000). The data were statistically analysed: ANOVA and Paired T test for electrical conductivity, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test for marginal quality, Spearman's rho test for checking of relationships between 2 methods. The result were as follows: 1. There was no difference in microleakage between adhesive systems and every specimen showed some of microleakage after filling. 2. Microleakage was reduced about 70% with composite resin filling. 3. Marginal quality was the best in group A, decreasing among groups in the following order: group O, followed by group X. There were significant differences between group A and group X (p=0.015), and between group O and group X (p=0.019). 4. There was no relationship between the microleakage measured by electrochemical method and marginal quality measured by SEM analysis. Within the results of this study, there was no difference in microleakage among groups by electrical conductivity. However, significant difference in marginal quality was seen among groups. It was believed that these dissimilar results might be induced because of their own characteristics. Analysis of microleakage needs various methods for accuracy.
Adhesives* ; Electric Conductivity ; Longevity

No abstract available.
Ethics, Medical ; Health Communication/ethics ; Humans ; Mass Media/*ethics ; Physicians/*ethics ; Republic of Korea ; Social Support ; Societies, Medical/ethics

PURPOSE: To evaluate the findings and the role of contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in avascular necrosis of femoral head. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients with avascular necrosis of femoral head were examined with MRI. Tl-weighted and T2-weighted images and contrast-enhanced Tl-weighted images were obtained. Enhancing characteristics of the necrotic area and synovium were determined. Also a change of the disease extent after enhancement was assessed. RESULTS: Twenty seven avascular necrosis of the femoral head including 11 cases of bilateral lesion were detected. Fifteen cases revealed collapse of the femoral head. The portions of the lesion with low signal intensity on Tl-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images showed contrast enhancement in 15 cases. However, the portions with low signal intensities both on T1 and T2-weighted images showed enhancement in one case. There was no significant change of the disease extent after enhancement. Synovium showed enhancement in 18 cases, and joint effusion was detected in 23 cases. CONCLUSION: Contrast enhanced MR images may be helpful in predicting histopathologic findings of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, but not useful for evaluating the extent of disease.
Head* ; Humans ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Necrosis* ; Synovial Membrane