BACKGROUND: HBsAg carriers are 6-12% of population in Korea. The patients knowledge on hepatitis B and regular follow-up tests are important, because HBsAg carriers have infectivity and the disease may progress without symptoms. We surveyed their knowledge on the hepatitis B and the frequency of follow-up blood test and sonogram. METHODS: From March 1993 through September 1994, 630 patients who were diagnosed as HBsAg positive and Anti-HBs negative in a health promotion center of college hospital were surveyed by mailing questionnaire. The questionnaire included the result of HBV viral marker test, transmission routes, complications, and prevention methods of Hepatitis B, frequency of follow-up test, and doctors recommendation. RESULTS: Of the 490 questionnaires excluded the 140 questionaires returned due to wrong address, 100 were answered, making the reply rate 20.4%. As for the result of HBV marker test, 64% answered their HBV marker as HBsAg positve, 10% answered HBsAg negative, and 26% answered I dont know. 65% answered that they are HBV carrier. As for the mode of transmission, 59% answered that HBV is transmitted by blood, 57% from carrier mother at birth, 29 % by sexual intercourse. 76% of responders know that vaccination is needed for preventing vertical transmission. When making score on their knowledge, significant differences were showed according to education, income and doctors recommendation about regular follow-up test. The number of persons who took regular blood test every 6 to 12 months were 56(56%), and the number of persons who took regular abdominal ultrasonogram were 39(39%). The number of patients who were recommended regular follow-up by doctor was 76%. In this group, 51 persons(67.0%) took regular blood test and 35 persons(35%) took regular sonogram so this frequency is significantly higher than the other group(each 20.8%, 16.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge on hepatitis B in HBsAg positive patients is relatively low and the frequency of regular follow-up test is significantly higher in the group who took doctors recommendation. So it is very important that HBsAg carriers must be educated about the infectivity, preventive methods, and regular follow-up for early detection of complication like hepatocellular cancer.
Biomarkers ; Coitus ; Education ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Health Promotion ; Hematologic Tests ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Neoplasms ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Postal Service ; Ultrasonography ; Vaccination ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hyponatremia

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No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Two cases of the traumatic aneurysms of the pericallosal artery that occurred after closed head injury are reported. The mental deterioration, urinary in continence and crural-predominent hemiparesis are attributable to the delayed intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of the traumatic aneurysms of the pericallosal artery. As soon as the diagnosis has been confirmed by the cerebral angiography, surgical treatment is recommended to reduce the high mortality and morbidity and the procedure as in the congenital aneurysm.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Mortality ; Paresis ; Rupture

Cysts of the adrenal gland are often misinterpreted and misdiagnosed because of their rarity. There are few reports in the literature of adrenal cyst in children, especially in the newborn. Adrenal cysts in the newborn are usually of the pseudocyst due to adrenal hemorrhage and have tendency to become adherent to surrounding structure, mimicking malignant tumor. We report a cases of pyogenic adrenal cyst in the newborn which was suspected malignancy because of adherence to adjacent organ.
Adrenal Glands ; Child ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Intracranial hemorrhage is the most common neuropathologic finding in premature infants. But in full-term infants, it is less common and rarely causes death. We found out intracranial hemorrhages in 21 full-term neonates by real-time neurosonography and concluded as followings. 1) Among 21 neonates, 17 infants were male and 4 infants were female. 2) In 11 (52.3%) infants the hemorrhage was detected within 7 days after birth. 3) The intracranial hemorrhage was not related with delivery type nor Apgar score. 4) In 13 cases (61.9%) the hemorrhage was in the subependymal germinal matrix and the degree was Grade I. 5) Precipitating or associated factors were asphyxia, pneumonia, ventilator care, RDS and congenital heart disease. 6) Symptoms and signs were seizure, apnea, lethargy, cyanosis, jaundice, anemia or bulging fontanel.
Anemia ; Apgar Score ; Apnea ; Asphyxia ; Cyanosis ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Jaundice ; Lethargy ; Male ; Parturition ; Pneumonia ; Seizures ; Ultrasonography* ; Ventilators, Mechanical

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy by analyzing the correlation of the amount of inferior oblique overaction (IOOA), hypertropia and excyclotorsion before, between, and after IO myectomy in patients with various degrees of IOOA. METHODS: A total of 86 eyes from 59 patients with IOOA who underwent IO myectomy were enrolled in the present study. The correlation analysis was performed for the amount of IOOA, hypertropia and excyclotorsion before and after surgery, according to the preoperative amount of IOOA, hypertropia, and excyclotorsion. RESULTS: The IOOA decreased from +2.5 +/- 0.6 before surgery to -0.01 +/- 0.25 (p < 0.05) after surgery. The vertical deviation was 5.7 +/- 6.3 prism diopter (PD) and 2.3 +/- 5.2 PD (p < 0.05) postoperatively. The amount of cyclodeviation was 15.3 +/- 7.6degrees before surgery and 6.6 +/- 5.7degrees (p < 0.05) after surgery. The amount of surgical correction for IOOA and the hypertropia was significantly correlated with preoperative deviation (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). The amount of excyclotorsion before and after surgery was also positively correlated but was not statistically significant (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IO myectomy can correct any degree of IOOA, hypertropia, and related excyclotorsion.
Eye ; Humans ; Strabismus

Citrate in transfused blood forms a complex with calcium and decreases the free ionized calcium. Serum normalized ionized calcium(nCa2+) concentration was measured in patients receiving resection of brain tumor(Group l) and hepatic lobectomy(Group 2) before and after transfusion The results were as follows; l) nCa2+ concentration decreased from 1.08+/-0.08 mmol/L at baseline to 0.98+/-0.10 mmol/L(p< 0.05) at 10 min after transfusion in Group l. 2) nCa2+ concentration decreased from 1.13+/-0.05 mmol/L at baseline to 0.84+/-0.08 mmol/L(p< 0.01) at 10min and to 0.87+/-0.11 mmol/L(p<0.05) at 2hr after transfusion in Group 2. 3) nCa2+ concentration at 10 min and 2hr after transfusion in Group 2 were significantly lower than those in Group l(p<0.05). nCa2+ concentration decreased significantly after transfusion and didnt returned to baseline at 2hr after transfusion during hepatic lobectomy. We conclude that it is essential to measure ionized calcium(Ca2+) concentration directly and at frequent interval during transfusion in hepatic surgery and we can prevent or treat severe hypocalcemia and cardiovascular depression with measured serum Ca2+.
Blood Transfusion* ; Brain ; Calcium* ; Citric Acid ; Depression ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia