Anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) is mainly produced by the granulose cells of the developing preantral and antral follicles in women and a reliable marker of the reproductive function of women.The mean terminal t1/2 of AMH is calculated as (27.6 ± 0.8) h.Serum concentration of AMH declines by 5.6％ per year and several reproductive and lifestyle factors are associated with age-specific AMH levels.AMH can be applied to predict the precise age of the menopause and is a marker of ovarian reserve in women of 25 year old and older.Iu the field of assisted reproductive technologies,AMH is beneficial in the individualization of stimulation protocols at controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and may be positively associated with clinical pregnancy rates,live-birth rates and twin gestation after assisted reproduction.The researches of AMH may be helpful in the studies of mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).AMH measurement may be included as a diagnostic criterion of PCOS and a useful predictive marker for the efficiency of the treatment of PCOS.AMH has been also shown to inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and can be used as a tumor marker in granulosa cell tumors.By using AMH,ovarian reserve damages caused by different kinds of diseases and treatments,including rheumatoid arthritis,laparoscopic surgeries of endometriomas,chemotherapy of female cancers have been studied.Some researchers have begun to pay attention to the potential relationship between AMH and the function of human brain.In the future,the applications of AMH maybe probably do significant contributions to make ideal and individualized treatment programs in more and more related fields.

Objective To establish D-dimer normal reference range in pregnant and postpartum women in Zhejiang Han population.Methods Plasma samples were collected from 669 healthy pregnant women, 578 healthy postpartum women, 8 venous thrombosis or DIC patients and 80 healthy non-pregnant women in Women′s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University from March 2009 to August 2010.According to different gestational week, postpartum days and delivery pattern, the healthy pregnant and postpartum women were stratified into 3 groups: (1) ≤13 weeks (n=120), 14-20 weeks (n=120), 21-27 weeks (n=145), 28-34 weeks (n=147), ≥35 weeks (n=137);(2) The first day after vaginal delivery (n=163), the second day after vaginal delivery (n=121);(3) The first day after cesarean sections (n=166), the second day after cesarean sections (n=128). These groups were further stratified based on age: ＜30 years old and ≥30 years old.All blood samples were drawn in citrate sodium anticoagulated blood.D-dimer concentration was determined by STA-R Evolution coagulation analyzer.Since D-dimer concentration showed non-normal distribution, the normal values (one-tailed) were established by using (P95) percentile method.The results of 8 patients were used to validate the established normal values.Results In the group of ＜30 years old, the D-dimer values[M(P25-P75)]in group of ≤13 weeks, 14-20 weeks, 21-27 weeks, 28-34 weeks, ≥35 weeks and healthy non-pregnant women were 0.25(0.17-0.37), 0.51(0.38-0.75), 0.75(0.57-1.10), 1.14(0.80-1.48), 1.60(1.14-1.89) and 0.20(0.10-0.28) mg/L, respectively, which showed statistical difference(H=239.24, P＜0.05).In the group of ≥30 years old, the D-dimer values of the above different groups were 0.28(0.14-0.38), 0.50(0.36-0.65), 0.83(0.59-1.41), 0.93(0.68-1.37), 1.47(1.22-1.84) and 0.17(0.12-0.25) mg/L, respectively, which also showed statistical difference(H=127.75, P＜0.05).In the group of ＜30 years old, the D-dimer values were 2.45(1.51-3.77), 1.30(0.97-1.96), 2.68(1.52-3.74) and 1.55(1.10-2.10) on the first and second day after vaginal delivery and cesarean section, respectively, which showed statistical difference (H=64.85,P＜0.05).In the group of ≥30 years old, the corresponding values were 2.20(1.33-3.54), 1.33(1.02-2.14), 2.27(1.66-3.17) and 1.62(1.26-2.69), respectively, which also showed statistical difference(H=18.64, P＜0.05).D-dimer normal values were established based on different gestational week, postpartum days and delivery pattern.The normal values of ≤13 weeks, 14-20 weeks, 21-27 weeks, 28-34 weeks and ≥35 weeks were ≤0.64 mg/L, ≤1.54 mg/L, ≤2.60 mg/L, ≤3.01 mg/L and ≤3.19 mg/L, respectively. The normal values of 1st day after vaginal delivery, 2nd day after vaginal delivery,1st day after cesarean sections and 2nd day after cesarean sections were ≤7.83 mg/L, ≤3.29 mg/L, ≤9.95 mg/L and ≤3.80 mg/L.All 8 patients showed positive results with the above normal values.Conclusion D-dimer normal values in pregnant and postpartum women in Zhejiang Han population are established, which can improve the application values of D-dimer in the pregnant and postpartum population.

Objective To investigate the correlation between carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) and cerebrovascular hemodynamic analysis (CVA) and the diagnostic value in ischemic stroke.Methods Using colour Doppler IMT,IMT/D ratio and CVA were performed in 120 patients with hyperacute and acute ischemic stroke as compared with the health controls.Results IMT and IMT/D ratio were higher in patients with ischemic stroke than the health aduts. Vmean and Qmean in ischemic stroke hyperacute group were lower, and R,DR were higher obvious in hyperacute group than that of acute group. IMT and IMT/D ratio were negatively correlation with Vmean and Qmean and positively correlation with R and Zc.Conclusion The measurement of carotid artery IMT and CVA have clinical significance in early diagnosis of ischemic stroke.

[Objective] To disuse the traumatic mechanism,clinical feature and treatment of the occult osteochondral avulsion of the posterior ankle joint.[Method]The data of 6 patients had been reviewed.From 2003.9 to 2006.6,6 patients had been treated,including 4 male and 2 female,with the average ages of 31.7 years(27~38 years).They all had injury history of their ankle but no fracture or dislocation had been found in X-ray film immediatey after the trauma.Four of them had been treated by plastic cast fixation of their ankle for 3 weeks,2 received treatment without fixation,but all the patients suffered pain and tenderness in the medial-posterior or the lateral-posterior of the ankle with leg or/and food radiation.The symptoms were persistent even when they were rest.The diagnosis of osteochondrl avulsion fracture had not been made until they were admitted in 4 mouth to 1 year after the injury.The fractured bone debris were showed by X-ray film and CT scan.All patients had been treated by operation of ablating the fractured fragment.[Result]All symptoms in the ankle had disappeared 2~3 days after the operation and no recurrence during 6 mouth to 2 years follow up.[Conclusion]It shoud be attaching importance to the occult osteochondral avulsion in early time after ankle injury,and when the diagnosis is made,operation is the appropriate treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the economic effectiveness of three angiotension-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI) in treating patients with essential hypertension.METHODS:186 patients with essential hypertension were randomly divided into three groups receiving enalapril,fosinopril and perindopril respectively.The results were evaluated with pharmacoeconomic analysis.RESULTS:In treatment of hypertension,enalapril was minimal in cost.CONCLUSION:Therapeutic effect will be improved and cost decreased when pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis is used.

The effect of gelatin on anaero-cultivation of Bifidobacterium adolescent is and stabilization of its living cell in dried preparation was investigared. It was shown that the well-distributed mixture of gelatin and medium could have a cushioning effect on pH reduction resulting from acid-production while incubating, and the dried mixture comprising living cell of bifidobacterium adolescentis was prepared, in which the stability and viability of cell come from cultures of gelatin mixture was increased compared with that without gelatin mixture. It was shown that oxygen toxicity to anaerobic cell was well reduced because of cell immobilization by the gel mixure after drying with saccharide substance , and then fermentable dynamics in 50L fermentor was tested as well as the relationship of growth kinetics, pH, dissolved oxygen rate, and content of soluble solids.

AIM: There has been accumulating evidence demonstrating that activators for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) have antiinflammatory, antiatherogenic, and vasodilatory actions. We investigated the effect of PPAR? activator, fenofibrate, on trombin-induced endothelin-1 (ET-1) expression in cultured vascular endothelial cells. METHODS: Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were treated with the PPAR? activator, fenofibrate. The ET-1 concentrations were evaluated by radioimmunoassay. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the ET-1 mRNA expression. RESULTS: Thrombin(10U/L) induced ET-1 release in BAECs [(22.4?4.7) nmol/g protein vs control (13.2?1.6) nmol/g protein, P

This paper reviewed and analyzed the 72 fulfilled projects in the discipline of Otorhinolar-yngology supported in division Ⅱ of basic research of clinical medicine by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China (NSFC) from year 2002 to 2006, and gave a brief introduction to the part of research a-chievements. The science foundation promotes Otorhinolaryngology to a quick development, and produces some outstanding research achievements with international recognition. Thus, it plays an important role in el-evating the level of discipline and bringing up specialists. According to the retrospection and analysis of the fulfilled projects and their research achievements, we hope it can objective and overall reflect research pro-gress in the field of Otorhinolaryngology, and offer as a reference to the relevant researchers and scientific re-search managers.

Objective:To generate rabbit polyclonal antibody against human Argonaute2 (Ago2) protein and to identify its functional characterization for determination of differential expression and cellular localization of Ago2 protein in various cell lines.Methods:DNAstar software was applied for searching the high antigenicity region of Ago2 gene sequence termed k-Ago2.Prokaryotic expressing plasmid was constructed and transformed to E.coli BL21 (DE3) to induce expression by IPTG.The fusion protein was injected into rabbits subcutaneously to produce polyclonal antibodies after purification by gel regaining.ELISA was operated to detect antibody titer.Western blot was used to identify the specificity and sensitivity of the antibodies and detect the differential expression of Ago2 protein in various cell lines.Meanwhile,immunofluorescence experiments were arranged to show cellular localization of Ago2 protein.Results:The prokaryotic expressing plasmid was constructed correctly.K-Ago2 protein was expressed and purified,and then rabbit polyclonal antibodies against Ago2 were generated after immunization with k-Ago2 protein.The titer detected by ELISA was 1∶19 000.Western blot results demonstrated the high specificity of the antibodies.Finally,we successfully observed the differential expression and cellular localization of Ago2 protein in various cell lines.Conclusion:The polyclonal antibody against Ago2 protein has been achieved successfully.It will be propitious for the intensive study of the RNAi mechanism and even profound clinical application.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a RP-HPLC method for the determination of salicylic acid in serum and to apply this method to the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability study of salycylic acid in compound aspirin preparations.METHODS:Waters2690HPLC instrument was used with Diamonsil C 18 column(5?m,250mm?4.6mm)as stationary phase and methanol-ace?tonitrile-0.2%phosphoric acid(18∶32∶50)as mobile phase at a flow rate of1.0ml/min,and the detective wavelength was237nm.RESULTS:Calibration curve of salicylic acid was linear in the range of0.40～101.00?g/ml(r=0.9999).CONCLUS_ ION:The method is simple,sensitive,rapid and suitable for pharmacokinetic and bioavailability study of salicylic acid.