Ten cases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas were histochemically investigated for their lectin receptors by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Results showed that gastric adenocarcinomas expressed more types of lectin receptors than large bowel adenocarcinomas. Positive rates of G1c/Man-and GlcNAc-specific lectin receptors in those tumors were higher than those of Gal/GalNAc- and Fuc-specific lectin receptoes. From the stomach to rectum, the spectrum of the lectin receptors in pericarcinomatous tissues gradually changed from the gastric type to rectal type. The expression of lectin receptors in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas was obviously different from that in their corresponding pericarcinomatous tissues. The increase and decrease of lectin receptor expression, the appearance and disappearance of some types of lectin receptors as well as the change of the receptor distribution are indirectly regulated by cellular genome.

Glycophorin A(GPA)of human erythrocyte membrane is closely related with the invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum. Under the condition of the in vitro culture, the effects of GPA, anti-GPA-IgG, ?1-acid glycoprotein, wheat germ agglutinin, etc. on the invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum were observed in the research. The results showed that the combination of GPA with Plasmodium falciparum merozoites has high specificity, high affinity and a tendency to saturation, and produces specific biological effects. These confirm for the first time from the characteristics of the ligand-receptor interaction that GPA is a recptor recognized and bound by Plasmodium falciparum merozoites.

Wheat germ agglutinin(WGA)with a higher activity of hemagglutination was purified from wheat germ by a modified method of ovomucoid-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography.The average yield of purified WGA from 100g wheat germ acetone powder was 58.74?6.56mg. WGA showed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with an apparent molecular weight of 34400.The specific haptens of WGA- were N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid.

The high affinity interaction of avidin-biotin in immunoenzyrnatic techniques has provided a simple and sensitive method to localize antigens in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues.The distribution of lectin receptors in primary hepatocellular carcinoma, int-ahepatic cholangiccarcinorria an.i cavernous hemangi-oma was studied for the first time by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method.The results show that the method was simple, highly sensitive, and had gcod reproducibility and specificity as well as higher value of practical use.

Receptors of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) in liver tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma(ICC) and so on, were histologically localized by avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. Normal, cirrhostic and pericarcinomatous liver tissues were used as controls. The result showed that WGA receptors in HCC were irregularly distributed, which was significantly different to the band-like distribution of WGA receptors in the controls and to the distribution in ICC. After the treatment with neuraminidase, the distributions of WGA receptors changed apparently. It is suggested that the characteristics of WGA receptor distributions in cells could be helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of liver tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the further implementation of national essential drug system in China. METHODS: The establishment of national essential drug system in China was reviewed to find out the problem in the implementation process. Related solutions were proposed. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The implementation of essential drugs in China demand clarifying the legal status of essential drugs, strengthening popularity of essential drugs, improving awareness of medical staff and the public about essential drugs. Moreover, patients can be benefited in the medical institutions where essential drug system has been carried out to improving the dependence of the public to essential medicines.

This paper summarizes the main achievements and the existing problems of clinical pharmacy in China since establishing the discipline. The cause which accounts for the occurrence of these problems is briefly analysed. On the basis, we suggest the way to develope clinical pharmacy in the future. The following three topics are discussed in detail:establishing related rules and regulations, trainning qualified personnel, and encouraging pharmaceutists to contact clinical work.

目的观察多功能微晶疤痕治疗仪配合曲安缩松局部注射治疗瘢痕疙瘩的疗效。方法 80例瘢痕疙瘩患者随机分为多功能微晶疤痕治疗仪配合曲安缩松瘢痕组织内注射组与单纯曲安缩松注射组各40例,比较两组的疗效。结果多功能微晶疤痕治疗仪配合曲安缩松局部注射的疗效明显优于单纯曲安缩松注射(P<0.01)。结论多功能微晶疤痕治疗仪负压探头能软化瘢痕,利于曲安缩松药物充盈,从而使其更好地发挥抑制成纤维细胞增生的作用。

Objective:To optimize the flash extraction process of Isatidis Radix by Box-Behnken experimental design. Methods:A flash extraction method was used with the extraction voltage, material-liquid ratio and extraction time as the independent variables. A Hassan’s method was used to calculate the normalized value(OD) of comprehensive evaluation of the dry extract yield and the epi-goitrin extraction rate in order to establish the mathematical relationship between the comprehensive evaluation OD and the independent variables, and the response surface method was used to predict the best process conditions. Results:The optimum process conditions were as follows:voltage of 88 V, material-liquid ratio of 19. 62, and extraction time of 2. 03 min. The rate of dry extract and epigoitrin extraction was 37. 902% and 0. 1887%, respectively. Conclusion:The measured value is close to the predicted one,which indicates the comprehensive flash extraction parameters optimized by Box-Behnken experimental design can be used for the extraction for Isatidis Radix.

Objective To investigate the X-ray characteristics of humeral spiral fracture cau sed by hand grenade throwing.Methods Forty-six soldiers suffered humera l fracture caused by grenade throwin g in military training.Their X-ray film s were evaluated and fracture featur es were measured.Results All fractures involved the mid-distal humeral shaft.The spiral fracture lines were sy mmetrical in the proximal and distal parts.The lengths of fractures were above 30mm,with 51～90mm in 31cases(67.4%).All fracture angles were less than 45?,with 40?～45?in 42cases(91.3%).The spiral arcs of fractures were 285?～326?with an average of 305.5?(0.85circle).Four cases had a butterfly fracture piece on the medial side.Conclusions Spiral fractures due to grenade thro wing mainly occur at the acceleratio n phase of throwing,and are mainly caused by the combination of torsion al and compressive forces.Humeral t hrowing fractures are characterize d by long fracture line,sharp fracture a ngle,and large spiral arc.