Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnosis ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; diagnosis

Purpose:To study the value of high frequency color doppler ultrasound diagnosis for breast intraductal papilloma.Methods:50 patients with breast intraductal papilloma,all confirmed by surgical and pathology,and examined by ultrasound before surgery,all had symptoms of excreting blood or liquid from nipple or palpable mass. The probe were placed on the surface of the breast to scan radially from nipple,after finding the enlarged duct,try to detect the neoplasm in it carefully. The two dimensional images were observed and the color Doppler flow codes were detected.Results:The detection rate and the diagnostic accuracy rate of breast intraductal papilloma by ultrasound are 62.0% and 38.0% respectively,ultrasonography is better than mammography and near infrared light scanning.The images were divided into four types:one type of no unusual finding(7 cases),one type of finding both the enlarged duct and the tumor(19 cases),one type of finding the enlarged duct only(12 cases),one type of finding the tumor only(12 cases),the images of the type of finding both the enlarged duct and the tumor are typical. The detection rate of flow by color doppler ultrasound is low(5/50).Conclusions:The high frequency color doppler ultrasound is valuable in diagnosis of breast intraductal papilloma,and the special symptom ,the accurate detection method and the typical images are the key of ultrasound diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the expressions of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),and to explore the mechanism of pathogenesis in COPD.Methods A total of 40 patients undergoing lung resections for pulmonary tumor were selected.Patients were divided into 2 groups according to COPD diagnostic criteria:the control group [patients without COPD,13 males,7 females,with an average age of (61.7±8.8) years] and the COPD group [patients with COPD,15 males,5 females,with an average age of (60.5 ± 9.4) years].Peripheral lung tissues from tumor lesions were detected in this study.The qualitative and quantitative expressions of NF-κB were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot,respectively.TGF-β31 mRNA level was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The levels of TGF β1 mRNA and NF-κB protein and the NF-κB nucleus positive rate were significantly higher in the COPDgroup than in the control group [(0.42±0.11) vs.(0.34±0.13),(0.24±0.08) vs.(0.12±0.04),57.9％ vs.26.7％,respectively,all P＜0.05].The TGF-β31 mRNA level was positively correlated with the NF-κB protein expression in the 2 groups (r=0.497,0.618,both P＜0.01).The ratio of 1 second forced expiratory volume/forced vital capacity (FEV1/ FVC) was negatively correlated with TGF-β1 mRNA level and NF-κB protein expression (r=-0.624,r=-0.659,both P ＜0.01) in the COPD group.Conclusions The expression levels of NF-κB and TGF-β1 are significantly increased in patients with COPD,and there is a positive correlation between TGF-β1mRNA level and NF-κB protein expression.NF-κB may participate in regulating TGF-β1 mRNA expression and in contributing to the airway remodeling,thereby in effecting pulmonary function.

Objective To evaluate the clinical features and treatment of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) in a duplex kidney. Methods From 1993 to 2010, 752 patients were diagnosed as PUJO in our hospital and 18 patients (2.4%) with PUJO in duplex kidneys. Three patients had obstruction in the complete duplicated systems and 15 in the incomplete duplicated systems. Five patients had obstruction of the upper moiety and 13 of the lower moiety. All of the 18 patients underwent B-ultrasonography, with 15 enhanced CT scan, 11 intravenous urography and 10 retrograde pyelography.All patients had serum creatinine test after admission and during the follow-up. Results Sixteen patients underwent operations and 2 patients were treated conservatively. Nine patients underwent pyeloplasty and 7 patients underwent heminephroureterectomy. Pathology shows derangement of the lamina muscularis at pelvi-ureteric junction and infiltration of inflammatory cells in mesenchymal. They were followed up from 6 months to 3 years with a mean of 24 months. The clinical symptoms of patients who underwent surgery were cured in all cases. B-ultrasound and IVU showed that hydronephrosis was obviously relieved and the levels of serum creatinine remained the same or decreased. The hydronephrosis and serum creatinine of patients who underwent conservative treatment remained stabilized. Conclusions PUJO in duplicated system is a rare condition. Careful preoperative evaluation is needed to reach the final diagnosis and retrograde pyelography has high specificity. Treatment should be individualized according to split and partial renal function.

Object To study the growth speed and dynamic spore production of CY-8202, which is an asexual strain of entomopathogenic fungi isloated from Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc., to explore the method of artificial culture of CY-8208 strain, to assay its antibiotic activity and spectrem and to provide the experimental basis for studies of its active components. Methods Variations in colony diameter of the cordyceps hypha cultured on the fungi media were measured. The spore-count was used to determine the dynamic colony spore outputs of the hypha on several fungi media and water agar. The agar-piece method was used to test its antibiotic activity.Results There were linear relationships between the colony extensions and the culture times on common fungi media such as PDA medium, etc.. The amounts of spore produced by the single colony of the fungi were more than 10 7 and gradually increased, but the rates of increase tended to be gentle after 200 h. Antimicrobial tests against 22 microbial strains showed strong inhibition of gram positve bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus tetragenus and Staphylococcus albus, and to gram negative bacteria, including Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhi, Aerobacter aerogenes and Salmonella sp., as well as weak inhibition of three mold strains and one actinomycetes strain, but no inhibition was observed in four yeast tested.Conclusion The growth activity and the spore-production ability of Cordyceps hypha are two important factors to infect validly its insect-host. For the growth activity, its strong penetration seems more important than its fast growth. The ability to product numerous spores of Cordyceps hypha may be an important mark of its strong infectivity to insect-host. The antimicrobial tests show that CY-8202 may secrete some metabolites which have a more broad-spectrum antibacterial activity than cordycepin isolated initially from Cordyceps militaris.

A non spore fungal strain designated as CR 9512 was isolated from a species of Cordyceps , found in Northern Guangdong of China The growth characteristics and the morphology of the organism were studied It was initially identified as Rhizoctonia sp ,Agonomycetales Its antimicrobial tests, against 26 strains of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeast, showed strong inhibition to some yeast of Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces, Pichia and Cryptococcus , and weak inhibition to yeast of Candida The speciality on a limited spectrum anti yeast of the organism will show an enormous value for researches and applications

Objective To compare the results of mitral valve reconstruction and replacement as treatments for moderate to severe ischemic mitral regurgitation(IMR), and report the mid-term outcome. Methods From June 2002 to May 2008, 83 pa-tients with moderate IMR(35 cases) and severe IMR (48 cases) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) combined with mitral valvuloplasty (MVP) (n = 43) or mitral valve replacement (MVR) (n = 40). There were 49 males and 34 females with a mean age of (59.3±7.5) years(51 -77years). The procedures of MVP included annuloplasty with a Dacron or autologous per-icardium ring in 21cases, commissural annuloplasty in 9, quadrangular resection of the posterior leaflet in 9 and using St. Jude mitral annuloplasty ring in 4. In the cases underwent MVR, 28 patients received mechanical prostheses and 12 received biopros-theses. Results 30-day mortality rate was 2.3% for MVP and 5.0% for MVR (P >0.05). The 30-day complication rate was similar for the 2 groups but mechanical ventilation time was longer for MVR patients. Mild MR ocurred in 6 patients with MVP (P <0.05). Sevonty-six patients were followed by outpatient department visit or telephone for (20.2 ± 4.9) months (3 - 60 months). During the follow-up period, 7 patients with MVP had mild insufficiency but free off etber complications. All the valve prothesis functioned well. However, 3 cases had thromboembolic complications and 7 late deaths were recorded in MVR group. Five-year complication-free survival rate was 90% for MVP group and 61% for MVR. Conclusion MVP resulted in excellent durability and provided significant mid-term survival benefit over MVR. MVP should be the first choice for patients with chronic IMR.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)transplantation on acute myocardial infarction in swine models using MRI. MethodsFourteen Chinese mini-pigs(27±3 kg)were divided into control group(n=7)and transplantation group(n=7).Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)model was made by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 90 minutes,and then 10 ml autologous MSCs(3 × 106 cell/ml)were injected into LAD by over-wire-balloon catheter after one week. MRl was performed to assess the cardiac function and myocardial perfusion 1 week after AMI and 6 weeks after transplantation.The implanted cells in vitro were analyzed by immunofluorescence.ResuitsThe left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)in transplantation group was increased from(42.7 ±7.5)%to(50.1±10.1)%,which was significantly different from that in control group(P＜0.01).In addition,the dyskinetic segments in infarcted region and the infareted area were decreased by 4 and 3.2 cm2 respectively(P＜0.01),and the left ventricular weight index was increased by 4.1 g/m2 in transplantation group(P＜0.05)compared with control group.The DAPI-labeled cells in infarcted and peri-infarcted region indicated the survived MSCs.Immunofluoreseence also confirmed that those cells expressed cardiomyocyte-specific troponin T,connexin 43 and vessel-specific smooth muscle actin.Capillary density in both infarcted and peri-infarcted region were higher in transplantation group than the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion MRI is a reliable imaging method for assessing the effects of stem cell transplantation in acute myocardial infartion of swine models.

OBJECTIVETo reveal the flowering characteristics of Panax stipuleanatus and provide theoretical basis for distant hybridization between P. stipuleanatus and P. notoginseng.

METHODDuring the blossom of P. stipuleanatus, we observed and investigated blooming phenophase, growth dynamics of inflorescence, pollination and seed setting of its population and the flowering process and its period, the regularity of flowering and pollinating of the floret. Statistic analyses were carried out.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe population florescence of P. stipuleanatus was about 60 d. The average florets quality of umbel was 44-47. The average natural pollination rates were 73.32%-95.39%. The average seed setting rates was 35.65%-51.76%. The highest growth periods of inflorescence are from March 25 to April 4. The diameter, the height and the length of its inflorescence in 10 d increased 44.65%, 42.19% and 106.25%, respectively. The whole stereotype period was the May beginning. The time that the floret from petal opening to withering it generally needed 36-48 h, 60 percent of the floret finished auther pollinating during the same day and 40 percent until the next day. The flowering and pollinating peak periods were 14:00-15:00, the flowering numbers was 28.48% of the total flowering amount and the pollinating numbers were 38.63% of the total pollinating amount. The high temperature (20-30 degrees C) and the low humidity (RH < 60%) were beneficial to flowering and pollinating.

Flowers ; growth & development ; physiology ; Inflorescence ; growth & development ; physiology ; Panax ; growth & development ; physiology ; Pollination ; Seeds ; physiology

Objective:To test the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS).Methods:Totally 166 patients with major depression completed the Chinese version of SHAPS,Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-Ⅰ) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17).The validity was tested by using correlation analysis and exploratory factor analysis.The reliability was tested by using internal consistency coefficient and Pearson correlation analysis.Results:The ICCs between three different Scale score were 0.90 and 0.91(Ps ＜ 0.001).Exploratory factor analysis identified 2 common factors,which explained 62.8％ of total variancel.The Cronbach coefficient of SHAPS was 0.94.The test-retest coefficient was 0.91 (P ＜ 0.001).The intercorrelations of 14 items ranged from 0.30 to 0.93 and item-total correlations ranged from 0.61 to 0.79.Conclusion:The Chinese version of SHAPS has good validity and reliability,it could be used to assess anhedonia in Chinese patients with major depression.