Objective To study the relationship between cleanliness of children′s hands and diminution of Ascaris lumbricoides infection. Methods Before the study all persons positive for ascaris eggs in the preliminary survey were treated with albendazole. Hand washing habit before meal and after defecation was kept in children of experimental group, but not in the control group. Kato thick smear stool examination was done once every two months for one year to compare the new infection rates in children without ascaris infection in the two groups, and the reinfection rates in the cured negative cases were also compared between them in half a month after chemotherapy. Results All the new infection rates as well as reinfection rates of each reexamination in the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( P

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and frontiers of English literature on breastfeeding quality management and provide reference for further research and practice of breastfeeding quality management in China.Methods:Relevant literature on breastfeeding quality management research included in the Web of Science core collection from 2000 to 2021 was retrieved and screened, and the included literature was analyzed with CiteSpace 5.8.R3.Results:A total of 641 papers were included, and the number of papers published increased rapidly since 2006. The top three countries with the most publications were the United States, Italy, and Australia. Research hotspots included breastfeeding promotion, breastmilk infection, and breastmilk quality control. Research frontiers comprised breastfeeding nutrition mechanism, breastfeeding for hospitalized neonatals, breastmilk bank, and quality management for breastmilk use process.Conclusions:The quality management of breastfeeding has drawn more and more attention. Most developed countries have established a joint management model of breastmilk bank and neonatology department, and made national policies for breastmilk bank management. China should increase research efforts and deepen research cooperation, explore the breastfeeding quality management plan that is truly suitable, and promote the standardization of breastmilk management process.

ObjectiveBased on the inhibitory activity of phosphodiesterase （PDE）， a method for determining the anti-inflammatory activity of Qingjin Huatantang was established to supplement and improve the quality control system of this famous classical formula. MethodHigh performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to determine the activity of PDE， and the dose-effect relationship of inhibiting PDE activity of Qingjin Huatantang was investigated. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.5% acetic acid aqueous solution （5∶95）， and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. By measuring the PDE inhibition rate of multiple batches of Qingjin Huatantang water extract lyophilized powder， biological activity was marked with the activity of the neutralizing enzyme in the international unit U. ResultWhen the concentration of reaction substrate （cyclic adenosine monophosphate） was 50 μmol·L^-1 and the reaction time was 60 min， the enzymatic reaction was stable with 4 U·mL^-1 of PDE. In this reaction system， when the concentration of Qingjin Huatantang water extract lyophilized powder was 0.11-3.0 g·L^-1， the inhibitory effect of PDE showed a concentration-dependent relationship. It was determined that the concentration of Qingjin Huatantang water extract lyophilized powder to be tested was 1 g·L^-1， which showed a significant and stable inhibitory effect on PDE， and the inhibitory rate was >45%， that is， 1 mg of Qingjin Huatantang water extract lyophilized powder could neutralize the activity of 1.8 U PDE at least. ConclusionThis study establishes a biological activity evaluation method of Qingjin Huatantang based on the inhibitory activity of PDE， and the anti-inflammatory activity of Qingjin Huatantang is characterized by international unit U of PDE activity， which can provide a new method for the determination of biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine compounds.