Objective To explore the association between maternal methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and neural tube defects (NTDs). Methods CBM, VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed and Web of Science databases from set up to March, 2014 were electronically searched to identify case-control studies on the relationship between maternal MTHFR C677T polymorphism and NTDs. The data were quantitatively analyzed by RevMan 5.0 software. Results A total of 25 studies were selected including 2 282 cases and 3 420 controls. Overall, the pooled OR (with 95%CI) under co-dominant model and allele contrast were 2.28(1.60-3.24), 1.25(1.02-1.53) and 1.42(1.21-1.67). Subgroup analysis showed significant association between maternal MTHFR C677T polymorphism and NTDs susceptibility in Asian populations. Conclusion The present meta-analysis suggests that MTHFR C677T polymorphism is significantly associated with maternal risk for NTDs, especially in Asian populations.

Objective To study the value of free-style perforator flap in repairing nasal defects after tumor resection.Methods On the basis of the guidance of free-style perforator flap design concept and the foundation of vascular localization by Doppler based on the ultrasonic echo intensity,combined with nasal beauty subunits,we designed free-style perforator flap in different forms such as V-Y advancing flap,rotating flap,and propeller flap,which had with free-style perforator in pedicle all.We transplanted the flaps to repair nasal defects after tumor resection.The area of the flaps was between 2 cm x 1.0 cm and 8.0 cm x 5.0 cm,and the diameter of the perforate vessel in the pedicle of flap was between 0.3 mm-3 mm,and some of the pedicles were composed of perforate vessel tube bundle.In order to reduce recurrence rate,the radiotherapy was performed according to the pathology in 1 month after surgery.Results In 31 cases of this group,29 cases were performed and the postoperative shape was good.1 case appeared postoperative hemorrhage,and the epidermis of flap formed blister because of greater tension,and the patient healed 10 days later after extraction the bubble fluid and changing medicine.The flap of 1 case was silted because the venous was blocked,and the acupuncture was treated,and then the flap got delayed union.23 cases received adjuvant radio therapy after surgery and fellowed up from 6 months to 5 years,showing that local profile and color were satisfacfory without tumor recurrence.Conclusions It is worthy of clinical promotion to designing freetype perforator flap and to repair defect after extensive nasal tumor resection on the basis of beauty subunits in nasal and vascular anatomy,which can not only reduce the recurrence rate by postoperative radiotherapy in time,but also realize better cosmetic requirements.

Objective:To investigate the effect of intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) on sizes and components of thrombi in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT).Methods:Ninety-eight AIS patients accepted MT in Department of Neurology, Huaian First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from June 2018 to June 2022 were enrolled; they were divided into bridging therapy group and direct thrombectomy group according to the treatments. Baseline data, prognoses and thrombus features between the 2 groups were compared.Results:No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of age, gender, previous medical history, baseline scores, sites and types of vascular occlusion, TOAST causative classifications, time frame, MT frequencies and techniques, successful recanalization, or prognoses 90 d after MT ( P>0.05). Compared with the direct thrombectomy group, the bridging therapy group had significantly reduced thrombus area (37[22, 78] mm 2vs. 27[14, 62] mm 2) and areas of major pathological components [red blood cells: 16.1([9.0, 37.4] mm 2vs. 11.8[6.1, 22.1] mm 2, fibrin/platelets: 19.5[9.5, 26.4] mm 2vs. 10.7[5.0, 22.8] mm 2, white blood cells: 4.0[2.2, 8.0] mm 2vs. 2.4[1.4, 5.7] mm 2, P<0.05); however, no significant differences in proportions of areas of major pathological components were noted between the 2 groups of patients ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis can significantly reduce the thrombi volume and decrease the contents of major thrombus components in AIS patients after MT, but not change the proportions of major pathological components in thrombi.

Objective To investigate the complications of deep brain stimulation (DBS) internal pulse generator (IPG) replacement procedures and discuss the reasons,preventive measures and treatments.Methods From 2012 to 2016,285 procedures (according to the number of replacement IPG) were performed for 211 patients in our hospital.Among them,178 patients were with Parkinson's disease,29 patients were with dystonia,3 patients were with tic disorder,and one with essential tremor.Thirty-two patients previously used Medtronic replaced with local DBS with brand of PINC and Sceneray,and the other 179 patients remained the use of Medtronic brand.Furthermore,36 patients got extension cable reimplantation along with IPG replacements.Results Replacement surgeries were divided into 3 types:IPG replacement in situ;bilateral side single-channel IPG was replaced by double-channel IPG or double-channel IPG was replaced by bilateral single-channel IPG;extended cables and IPG replacement were carried out simultaneously.The follow up period was from one to 6 years for these 211 patients,and 15 got surgical-and hardware-related complications:6 with sack hemorrhage,2 with skin erosion,one with IPG rejection,3 with adaptor fracture,and 3 with impedance abnormality were recorded;no infection was noted.Twenty-six patients got significant improvement after new IPG replacement.Conclusions DBS IPG replacement operations is a regular surgery with certain safety.Personalized surgical procedures,rigorous intraoperative operation and correct postoperative management can effectively reduce and prevent the complications of IPG replacement surgery.

Objective:To explore the regulatory mechanism of α-synuclein in the degradation of autophagy-lysosome pathway(ALP) in Parkinson disease(PD) model cells after interference or overexpression of dynein heavy chain(Dynhc) gene.Methods:SH-SY5Y cells were divided into control group, PD group, Dynhc interference group, Dynhc overexpression group, and Dynhc interference+ rapamycin group according to experimental requirements.Using Western blot to detect Dynhc, α-synuclein, microtubule-associated protein l light chain 3 (LC3), lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2), tubulin, dynein activator protein p150, and kinesin KIF5B.Flow cytometry was used to detect the level of cell apoptosis.Immunoconfocal microscopy was used to observe the structure of tubulin and the co-localization of LC3 and LAMP.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.One-way ANOVA was used for inter group comparisons, and further pairwise comparisons were conducted by LSD- t test. Results:There were statistically significant differences in the expression of α-synuclein, autophagy-related proteins, microtubules, and microtubule-related proteins among cells in the 5 groups(all P<0.001). The protein expression levels of Dynhc, α-synuclein, LC3, LAMP2, p150, and KIF5B in the PD group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The protein levels of Dynhc, LAMP2, tubulin and p150 in the Dynhc interference group were lower than those in the PD group (all P<0.05), while the protein levels of α-synuclein, LC3 and KIF5B were higher than those in the PD group (all P<0.05). The protein levels of α-synuclein, LC3, and KIF5B in the Dynhc overexpression group were lower than those in the PD group (all P<0.05), while the protein levels of Dynhc, LAMP2 and p150 were higher than those in the PD group (all P<0.05). The protein level of LC3 in the Dynhc interference+ rapamycin group was higher than that in the Dynhc interference group ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the protein levels of Dynhc, α-synuclein, LAMP2, microtubule protein, p150 and KIF5B compared to the Dynhc interference group (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the cell apoptosis rate in PD group increased((12.77±1.66)%, (7.64±1.45)%), the microtubule morphology remained unchanged, and autophagosomes fused more with lysosomes. Compared with the PD group, the cell apoptosis rate of Dynhc overexpression group decreased, and there was no significant change in microtubule structure, and there was more fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes.Compared with the PD group, the cell apoptosis rat of Dynhc interference group increased((18.45±1.91)%), and the microtubule morphology was sparse, and there was less fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. Compared with the PD group, the Dynhc overexpression group showed a decrease in cell apoptosis rate ((9.95±1.56)%), no significant changes in microtubule structure, and more fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes.Compared with the Dynhc interference group, the Dynhc interference+ rapamycin group showed no significant changes in cell apoptosis rate ((19.05±2.46)%), microtubule morphology, and fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Conclusion:Dynhc can reduce cell apoptosis by enhancing cell ALP function, increasing the degradation of α-synuclein and maintaining of microtubule structure integrity.

Objective: To introduce the application of free-style perforator flap based on aesthetic units to repair facial defect after tumor resection. Methods: By following the concept of free-style perforator flap and the principle of facial aesthetic unit, the design of a free-style perforator flap allowed over any nearby cutaneous vessel chosen purely on the characteristics of its Doppler signal. Conventional knowledge of anatomical landmarks and possible vascular variations were less relevant. A greater freedom in flap selection was gained to recover defect in different forms such as rotation flap, advanced flap and propeller flap, which were all based on free-style perforators. The flap size ranged from 1.5 cm×1.0 cm to 12.0 cm×6.0 cm with the perforator diameter of 0.3-3.0 mm in pedicle, and some of the pedicles are "perforator clusters" . Results: A total of 72 cases underwent surgery, and 68 cases survived completely with satisfactory appearance. 1 case healed two weeks later through dressing due to undesired healing, which result ed from high tension secondary postoperative blooding. 3 cases healed in a delay due to congestion and gained acupuncture treat. Conclusions The free-style perforator flap, which depended on Doppler-discerned perforator and facial aesthetic unit, represents safe, reliable and versatile for repairing facial defect after extended resection, and it not only offers a greater freedom in flap selection but also provides good aesthetic result.