MicroRNAs(miRNAs),small noncoding RNAs,are essential for posttranscriptional gene regulation and have important roles in a wide range of biological processes,including development,growth and differentiation. Thousands of miRNAs have been identified in animals,plants and microoaganisms. miRNAs regulate their target genes by mRNA degradation or translation suppression. About 30 % of genes in an organism are subject to miRNA regulation. miRNA expression and function are regulated by transcriptional factors,epigenetics,single nucleotide polymorphisms,RNA editing and so on. Additionally,the success in knocking out a specific mouse miRNA gene has provided a valuable model for studying miRNA function.

Objective To investigate the relationship between gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and anomalous arrangement of pancreaticobiliary ductal system (AAPB) through studying the proliferation of gallbladder epithelial cells. Methods ABC Immunohistochemical staining was employed. Results Ki 67 And proliferating cell nuclear antigen PCNA labeling indexes of the non cancerous mucosa in the patients with AAPB and GBC were significantly higher than those in patients with GBC alone (P

Background and purpose:In recent years, the studies have indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play important roles in the initial stage and development of tumors. H19 is one of those lncRNAs, which is already proved to overexpress in a variety of tumors such as bladder cancer, stomach cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). And H19 also could promote tumor proliferation and increase tumor cell migration and invasion ability, but neither the expression nor the function of H19 in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) are clariifed. This study aimed to observe the effects of H19 on the proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion ability of NSCLC cell line A549.Methods:H19 was overexpressed by plasmids transfection, then the effect of H19 on the proliferation of A549 was measured by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8), the invasion of A549 cells was detected by Transwell assay, and the changes of cell morphology were observed with an optical microscope, and the expression of EMT-related proteins was detected by Western blot, and the promoter activity of CDH1 was measured by luciferase assay.Results:The proliferation of A549 cells was increased under the overexpression of H19(D value in blank group was 1.64±0.02, in negative control group was 1.59±0.04, in overexpression of H19 group 1.89±0.02,P<0.05), the invasion ability of A549 cells was dramatically enhanced [negative control group (30±6)/vision, overexpression of H19 group (110±7)/vision,P<0.05], and the A549 cells developed longer pseudopodia and had wider intercellular spaces. All these morphology changes indicated that the cells were undergoing the process of EMT, and meantime, the expres-sion of CDH1 was decreased, along with the expression of VIM and SNAI2 elevated, which were also related to the progression of EMT, and H19 also could depress the promoter activity of CDH1 by 60% (P<0.05).Conclusion:The overexpression of H19 induces the EMT, and enhances the proliferation and invasion ability of A549 cells.

Objective To detect the expression of EGF mRNA in renal parenchyma in congenital hydronephrosis in children and to evaluate the role of EGF in causing chronic renal damage. Methods The expression of EGF mRNA in renal parenchyma, renal pelvis and PUJ tissues from congenital hydronephrosis in children was studied by means of RT PCR. Results The expression of EGF in the aff ected renal parenchyma and PUJ tissues decreased.It also decreased in the affected pelvis but the difference was not significant. The decrease of EGF expression was the most obvious in the affected renal parenchyma. Conclusions EGF expression decreased in renal parenchyma in congenital hydronephrosis and the decrease might be related to the chronic renal damage and renal atrophy caused by hydronephrosis.

Objective To evaluate efficacy,feasibility and safety of the self-made percutaneous catheterized thrombectomy divice in animal model for thrombus removal. Methods Seven dogs were selected,with acute massive pulmonary embolism animal models created by injecting thrombi into the pulmonary arterial trunk via percutaneous femoral vein approach. After half an hours the catheter sheath was inserted into the occluded pulmonary artery through right femoral vein in 5 dogs,left femoral vein in 1 dog and right internal jugular vein in another one. The procedure began to remove the thrombi with simultaneous recording the thrombectomy time and the blood volume drainage. Blood gass was tested before and after embolization together with those of thrombi removement,continuously monitored pulmonary arterial pressure and intermittently performed angiography. The mean time form vascular recanalization to euthanasia was 2 hours,and then the lung specimens were resected for histological examination. Results One animal died of pulmonary arterial penetration during thrombi removal,but others were all alive by the end of the test. Mean time of removing thrombi was 2.4 minutes with mean volume blood drainage of 84 ml. Angiograms showed the approximately complete patency of the pulmonary arterial trunk after reopenning of occlusion but still with remnont thrombi within distal branches and arterial pressure with blood gas returned to normal level. Pathology revealed the recanalization of pulmonary arterial trunk but with thromi still staying in the distal branches,and effusion around the arteries. Conclusions The self-made percutaneous catheterized thrombectomy device is effective,feasible and comparatively safe in the treatment of acute massive pulmonary embolism in this primary test.

The main commercial production of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) comes from enzymatic transformation using sucrose as substrate by microbial enzyme fructosyltransferase. A fructosyltransferase genomic DNA was isolated from Aspergillus niger QU10 by PCR. The nucleotide sequence showed a 1 941 bp size, and has been submitted to GenBank (KF699529). The cDNA of the fructosyltransferase, containing an open reading frame of 1 887 bp, was further cloned by RT-PCR. The fructosyltransferase gene from Aspergillus niger was functionally expressed both in Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris GS 115. The highest activity value for the construction with the α-factor signal peptide reached 431 U/mL after 3 days of incubation. The recombinant enzyme is extensively glycosylated, and the active form is probably represented by a homodimer with an apparent molecular mass of 200 kDa as judged from mobility in seminative PAGE gels. The extracellular recombinant enzyme converted sucrose mostly to FOS, mainly 1-kestose and nystose, liberating glucose. FOS reached a maximal value and represented about 58% of total sugars present in the reaction mixture after 4 h reaction. The results suggest that the availability of recombinant Pichia pastoris as a new source of a FOS-producing enzyme might result of biotechnology interest for industrial application.
Aspergillus niger ; enzymology ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Escherichia coli ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Hexosyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Pichia ; Sucrose ; metabolism ; Trisaccharides ; metabolism

Nerve growth factor (nerve growth factor, NGF) is the earliest discovered growth factor in neurotrophic factors,it has a very important role in maintaining the survival, growth, differentiation,repair and regeneration after injury of neurons. In this paper,research progress in recent years on NGF are reviewed.

Objective To study the effect of case-based learning(CBL) combined with virtual reality simulator in peripheral vascular intervention training for refresher doctors.Methods Total 30 peripheral vascular refresher doctors were selected in department of vascular surgery,Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and were randomly divided into the observation group(n=15) and control group(n=15).Doctors in observation group were trained by CBL combined with virtual reality simulator while those in control group were taught by traditional teaching method.Theory examination,skill examination in real environment were performed after the training and achievement differences were compared between 2 groups.Questionnaires were given to the simulator CBL group,to learn refresher doctors' recognition of the teaching method and groups were compared using independent samples t test.Results Theory examination average score was (84.5 ± 7.7) in observation group,higher than the score(72.6 ± 8.7) in control group(P=0.024).Skill examination average score was(85.3 ± 9.3) in observation group,higher than the score(70.2 ± 10.2) in control group(P=0.013).Compared with control group,the mean performance errors in training group,the contrast volume,the mean angiography procedure time,the time of X-ray exposure,the total volume of X-ray exposure and the total volume of X-ray exposure every square meter all decreased significantly and the difference was statistically significant.P value＜0.05.100％ (15/15) simulator CBL group refresher doctors recognized CBL combined with vascular interventional simulator teaching method.Conclusions Teaching method of CBL combined with virtual reality simulator can stimulate the refresher doctors' interest in learning and help them master peripheral vascular interventional techniques.

Objective To explore the clinical value of multi-slice CT enhancement perfusion imaging (MSCTPI) in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of thyroid disease. Methods Thirty-three patients with benign thyroid diseases were enrolled in the benign group, and were divided into subgroups of nodular goiter (n=17) and thyroid adenoma (n=16), while 10 patients with thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in the malignant group. All patients underwent routine CT scanning and MSCTPI with GE LightSpeed 16-detector row CT scanner. Time-density curve (TDC) of common carotid for benign thyroid diseases and thyroid carcinoma was depicted. Perfusion parameters of blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and permeability surface area product (PS) were obtained automatically. All parameters were statistically analyzed among groups. Results TDC showed single peak in common carotid artery, with small peak of speed up and slow down in benign group, while with baseline segment, up above, down segment and horizontal segment in thyroid carcinoma. There was statistical difference between benign and malignant groups in BF, BV, MTT and PS value (P=0.001, <0.001, 0.003 and <0.001, respectively). No significant difference of BV and MTT was found between subunits of benign and thyroid carcinoma (all P>0.05). BF was significantly different in benign and maligant groups (P<0.05), whereas PS in thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter was significant different (P<0.05). No statistical difference of BF, BV, MTT and PS was detected between nodular goiter and thyroid adenoma. Conclusion MSCTPI can exactly show the blood flow features of thyroid. The analysis of BF, BV, MTT and PS is helpful for differential diagnosis between benign thyroid disease and thyroid carcinoma.